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The entropy and thermal behavior analyses of non-Newtonian nanofluid double-diffusive natural convection inside complex domains may captivate a bunch of scholars’ attention because of the potential utilizations that they possess in modern industries, for example, heat exchangers, solar energy collectors and cooling of electronic apparatuses. This study aims to investigate the second law and thermal behavior of non-Newtonian double-diffusive natural convection (DDNC) of Al₂O₃-H₂O nanofluid within a C-shaped cavity emplacing two hot baffles and impacted by a magnetic field.

For the governing equations of the complicated and practical system with all considered parameters to be solved via a formidable numerical approach, the finite element method acts as an approach to achieving the desired solution. This method allows us to gain a detailed solution to the studied geometry.

This investigation has been executed for the considered parameters of range, such as power-law index, baffle length, Lewis number, buoyancy ratio, Hartmann number and Rayleigh number. The main results reveal that isothermal and concentration lines are significantly more distorted, indicating intensified concentration and temperature distributions because of the growth of baffle length (L). Nu_ave decreases by 8.4% and 0.8% while it enhances by 49.86% and 33.87%, respectively, because of growth in the L from 0.1 to 0.2 and 0.2 to 0.3.

Such a comprehensive study on the second law and thermal behavior of DDNC of Al₂O₃-H₂O nanofluid within a C-shaped cavity emplacing two hot baffles and impacted by magnetic field has not yet been carried out.

This study comprehensively examines entropy generation and thermosolutal performance of a ternary hybrid nanofluid in a partially active porous cabinet. The purpose of this study is to comprehend the intricate phenomena of double diffusion by investigating the dispersion behavior of Al₂O₃, CuO, and Ag nanoparticles in water.

The cabinet design consists of two horizontal walls and two curved walls with the lower border divided into a heated and concentrated region of length b and the remaining sections are adiabatic. The vertical borders are cold and low concentration, while the upper border is adiabatic. Two cavity configurations such as convex and concave are considered. A uniform porous medium is taken within the ternary hybrid nanofluid. This has been characterized by the Brinkman-extended Darcy model. Thermosolutal phenomena are governed by the Navier-Stokes equations and are solved by adopting a higher-order compact scheme.

The present study focuses on exploring the influence of several well-defined parameters, including Rayleigh number, Darcy number, Lewis number, Buoyancy ratio number, nanoparticle volume concentration and heater size. The results indicate that the ternary hybrid nanofluid outperforms both the mono and hybrid nanofluids in all considered aspects.

This study brings forth a significant contribution by uncovering novel flow features that have previously remained unexplored. By addressing a well-defined problem, the work provides valuable insights into the enhancement of thermal transport, with direct implications for diverse engineering devices such as solar collectors, heat exchangers and microelectronics.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the transportation of heat and mass in three-dimensional (3D) shear rate-dependent viscous fluid. Thermal enhancement plays a significant role in industrial and engineering applications. For this, the authors dispersed trihybrid nanoparticles into the fluid to enhance the working fluid’s thermal enhancement.

The finite element method is a numerical scheme and is powerful in achieving convergent and grid-independent solutions compared with other numerical techniques. This method was initially assigned to structural problems. However, it is equally successful for computational fluid dynamics problems.

Wall shear stress has shown an increasing behavior as the intensity of the magnetic field is increased. Simulations have predicted that Ohmic heat in the case of trihybrid nanofluid (MoS₂–Al₂O₃–Cu/C₂H₆O₂) has the greatest value in comparison with mono and hybrid nanofluids. The most significant influence of chemical reaction on the concentration in tri-nanofluid is noted. This observation is pointed out for both types of chemical reaction (destructive or generative) parameters.

Through a literature survey, the authors analyzed that no one has yet to work on a 3D magnetohydrodynamics Carreau–Yasuda trihybrid nanofluid over a stretched sheet for improving heat and mass transfer over hybrid nanofluids. Herein, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) and copper (Cu) nanoparticles are mixed in ethylene glycol (C₂H₆O₂) to study the thermal enhancement and mass transport of their corresponding resultant mono (Cu/C₂H₆O₂), hybrid (Al₂O₃–Cu/C₂H₆O₂) and trihybrid (MoS₂–Al₂O₃–Cu/C₂H₆O₂) nanofluids.