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Learning assessment is defined as assessment and evaluation of the learners' learning activities, process and outcomes. In recent years, as the Internet access is increasingly available, a majority of distance education providers in China have succeeded in delivering programs and support services through modern communications technology, in particular, the Internet. However, as far as the education assessment mode is concerned, the conventional paper-pencil test or endof-course assessment is still overwhelmingly employed for measuring learning outcomes. Therefore, the exploration of web-based learning assessment mode is not only the practical need for conducting open distance instruction and assessment reform at China Central Radio and Television University (CRTVUS), but also has become a hot research topic in the whole sphere of distance education. Under this circumstance, the Examination Center in CCRTVU began to show research interests in exploring web-based assessment mode. As a consequence, in 2005, the Center applied for and launched research project "Practice and research on web-based learning assessment in open and distance education", which is approved by Ministry of Education as a key project program of 2005. This article reports the important research contents of the project. This article first describes the core achievements of the project-namely, design and implementation of the web-based assessment system, principles in creating assessment scheme for the mode, and the mechanism. Then it moves on to report feedback from the pilot population about the application of the web-based learning assessment mode in the two semesters of year 2005. The article ends with the discussion of innovations the research has made.