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Companies are turning to big data (BD) programs to help mitigate supply chain (SC) disruptions and risks that are increasing in frequency and severity. The purpose of this paper is to explore exactly how companies translate data into meaningful information used to manage SC risk and create economic value; an area not well researched. As companies are turning to big-data programs to help mitigate supply chain (SC) disruptions and risks that are increasing in frequency and severity, having the capability to internally integrate SC information is cited as the most critical risk to manage.

Information processing theory and resource-based view are applied to support capability development used to make value-based BD decisions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with leaders in both the oil and gas industry and logistics SC partners to explore each companies’ BD transformation.

Findings illuminate how companies can build internal capability to more effectively manage SC risk, optimize operating assets and drive employee engagement.

The oil and gas industry were early adopters of gathering BD; more studies addressing how companies translate data to create value and manage SC risk would be beneficial.

Guidance for senior leaders to proactively introduce BD to their company through a practical framework. Further, this study provides insight into where the maximum benefit may reside, as data intersects with other company resources to build an internal capability.

This study presents a framework highlighting best practices for introducing BD plus creating a culture capable of using that data to reduce risk during design, implementation and ongoing operations. The steps for producing the maximum benefit are laid out in this study.

This paper aims to understand what reflexivity means and explores which types of reflexivity could be applied within social marketing practice as a critical approach to overcoming failures.

This paper is a critical literature review.

The study proposes a typology for a reflexive approach to social marketing practice to overcome failures. The typology is built on self and critical reflexivity, simultaneously allowing social marketers to reflect on external and internal factors that may affect the individual's role and could negatively affect social marketing practice unless otherwise considered. The types of reflexivity discussed are not prescriptive; instead, the authors intend to provoke further discussion on an under-researched but vital area of social marketing.

The proposed typology is conceptual; an empirical investigation to gain social marketer's views would further enhance the effectiveness of the applications of the typology.

Social marketers could use the proposed typology for future practice.

This is the first study that conceptualises various types of reflexivity within social marketing practice to overcome failures.