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Since the outbreak of war, a number of enemy aircraft have fallen into German hands, either shot down, forced to land, or captured in occupied territory. Thus, in addition to the aircraft, their armament and equipment, various types of engines of the enemy Powers—English, French and American — have become available for examination. Research on the materials has been carried out on behalf of the Reich Air Ministry by various German engine builders, and makers of components, and by the D.V.L.—the German Aeronautical Research Institute. The present report summarizes the principal results of this research; in view of the magnitude of the collected material, only the more important features of the engines will be dealt with.

THE take‐off of a tricycle‐undercarriage aeroplane has been carefully analyzed and the effects of slipstream included. Wheel position relative to the C.G. is shown to have an important effect on the take‐off run and flaps may or may not adversely affect the run. Elevator power should be high yet light enough to provide adequate control at the take‐off speed.

CONTINUAL pressure of competition from the aircraft and automobile industries is forcing the administrators of railways throughout the world to concentrate their efforts on possibilities of modernization and improvement, with particular emphasis on the increase in travelling speeds. It is, therefore, necessary to pay special attention to the system railway wheel/rail, as it is this which has to fulfil such important functions as transmitting the driving, braking and guiding forces, quite apart from supporting the vehicle itself.