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This study aims to focus on analysing the impact of green human resource management (GHRM) on the green performance (GP) of Spanish wineries, as well as the mediating effect of employee well-being (EW) on this linkage. In addition, age, size and membership in a protected designation of origin are introduced as control variables to increase the precision of the cause-effect relationships examined.

The study proposes a conceptual model based on previous studies, which is tested using structural equations partial least squares structural equation modelling with data collected from 196 Spanish wineries between September 2022 and January 2023.

The findings of the research reveal the existence of a positive and significant relationship between the GHRM development and the GP of Spanish wineries, as well as the partial mediation of EW in this association.

The uniqueness and significance of this study can be attributed to several crucial factors. First, it enhances the understanding and knowledge regarding the advantages associated with GHRM development. Second, no prior research has conducted a comprehensive study on GHRM as a catalyst for GP within the context of Spanish wineries. Third, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no previous study has analyzed the mediating role of EW as a mediator in the relationship between GHRM and GP of wineries.