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This study aims to investigate and analyze the usage patterns of electronic book (e-book) users and their perceptions of e-books from various perspectives. Recently, e-book usage and subscriptions at university libraries in South Korea have significantly increased.

The authors conduct an extensive survey of 959 e-book users at the five major university libraries, which subscribe to the most e-books in South Korea. The survey contains structured questions as well as fields for open commentary to acquire various opinions. The authors also apply diverse analysis techniques, depending on the characteristics of the survey questions.

Since the early 2000s, when e-books were first introduced, there has been a considerable change in perception and increase in usage of e-books at South Korean university libraries. Despite this progress, most functions of e-books are not fully utilized. The authors find the role of the library to be very important, as most users learn about and access e-books through the Web sites of university libraries, not through such portal sites as Google. The remarkable result is that users with higher education more easily recognize and have better experiences with e-book services.

This study draws extensive samples and objective questions compared to previous research. The authors also contrast our research results with the other studies conducted within and outside of South Korea. The research shows the changes and differences in perception and usage of e-books by period and country. More importantly, the authors suggest strategies to boost e-book use based on user demands.

The purpose of this study is to develop BSC model of social enterprise. Performance analysis tool of BSC have been brought over from the business world, designed and created from the perspectives of profit‐based businesses. The BSC is a strategic performance measurement and management tool designed for the private sector acting as a communication/information and learning system, to measure “where we are now” and “where to aim for next”. It prescribes a plan for translating “vision” and “strategy” into concrete action across four perspectives at different stages, depending on the business. These perspectives are “financial”, “customer”, “internal processes” and “learning and growth”, each of which is connected by cause‐and‐effect relationships that reflect the firm’s strategy. Social aims of social enterprise are to accomplish desired outcomes which are to employ vulnerable people and to provide social services. The measurement factors of financial perspective are stable funding, efficiency of budgeting, stakeholders’ financial supports, and trade profit. The measurement factors of customer perspective are government, social service users, employees, local communities, supplier, social activity company, and partnership with external organizations. The measurement factors of internal process perspective are organizational culture, organizational structure/management, internal/external communication, quality of products and services, information sharing. The measurement factors of learning and growth perspective are training and development, management participation, knowledge sharing, leadership of CEO and manager, and learning culture.

This article explores whether transformational leadership (TFL) influences individuals' extra-role behaviors, specifically helping and innovative behaviors. More importantly, it focuses on whether TFL's influence on employees' helping and innovative behaviors is contingent upon two subdimensions of organizational justice (OJ): distributive justice (DJ) and procedural justice (PJ).

The authors relied on the 2017 Korean Public Employee Viewpoint Survey conducted by the Korea Institute of Public Administration (KIPA), which is based on stratified, two-stage cluster sampling. Because the dependent variables for the empirical models were summed averages, the authors used OLS as a statistical method. The regression was performed using Stata 14.

The results revealed that TFL was positively associated with both helping and innovative behaviors. When moderated by DJ, TFL has a positive impact only on helping behavior. However, when moderated by PJ, TFL has a positive influence on both behaviors.

TFL was measured using four items. While the measure reflects four dimensions of TFL, its construct validity may be subject to criticism. Relying on a one-year cross-sectional dataset means that this study's findings might not be fully generalizable to all public sector environments across different cultures.

This article's findings on how TFL is contextualized under different OJ contexts will help advance understanding of how it works in contemporary public organizations.

Despite the importance of OJ as a vital heuristic that reshapes employees' perceptions of their organizations, few studies have focused on how it can moderate the relationship between TFL and employees' extra-role behaviors. By investigating such moderating effects, this study advances the scholarly understanding of boundary conditions that affect TFL and its effectiveness in organizational settings. It utilizes a South Korean survey, which brings an international perspective to this understanding.