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The article briefly covers the establishment of the Workers’ Educational Association in both England and Australia. The development of the Workers’ Educational Association of Victoria is discussed in the context of the work of Atkinson. The idealism paradigm as exemplified in the writings of Atkinson is described and the relationship between the paradigm and adult ducation is made explicit. The development of realism is then discussed including the role of Hancock where his conceptualisation of social class is made explicit. Next the reaction by Badger to the concept enunciated by Hancock and applied to adult education is described. The article concludes by discussing the role of Badger in seeking to remove the WEAV as a major provider of adult education in Victoria.

AT LOUGHBOROUGH UNIVERSITY we made a film to celebrate the Library Association centenary, and the cost was less than a tenth of what most people understandably predicted. We managed by confining ourselves to simple equipment and uncomplicated locations, and by exploiting the willing services of the university's modest and overworked Audio Visual Aids Unit (whose salaries and overheads were not in our budget). We had remarkable cooperation from librarians, teachers, administrators, students and members of the public in our East Midlands area. Now whether the results match the occasion and the subject is not for us to say, but you are cheerfully invited to test for yourselves by hiring or buying the film for your own institution or group at the rates quoted at the end of this paper.

At the Royal Society of Health annual conference, no less a person than the editor of the B.M.A.'s “Family Doctor” publications, speaking of the failure of the anti‐smoking campaign, said we “had to accept that health education did not work”; viewing the difficulties in food hygiene, there are many enthusiasts in public health who must be thinking the same thing. Dr Trevor Weston said people read and believed what the health educationists propounded, but this did not make them change their behaviour. In the early days of its conception, too much was undoubtedly expected from health education. It was one of those plans and schemes, part of the bright, new world which emerged in the heady period which followed the carnage of the Great War; perhaps one form of expressing relief that at long last it was all over. It was a time for rebuilding—housing, nutritional and living standards; as the politicians of the day were saying, you cannot build democracy—hadn't the world just been made “safe for democracy?”—on an empty belly and life in a hovel. People knew little or nothing about health or how to safeguard it; health education seemed right and proper at this time. There were few such conceptions in France which had suffered appalling losses; the poilu who had survived wanted only to return to his fields and womenfolk, satisfied that Marianne would take revenge and exact massive retribution from the Boche!