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Article
Publication date: 12 August 2019

Fukang Deng, Kangchun Li, Xiongfeng Hu, Haifu Jiang and Fuchuan Huang

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the force and basic rating life of angular contact ball bearings of RV reducer under the actual operating condition.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the force and basic rating life of angular contact ball bearings of RV reducer under the actual operating condition.

Design/methodology/approach

Force analysis of angular contact ball bearing under the actual operating condition, calculate the axial, radial load and internal load distribution, calculate the basic rating life of angular contact ball bearing under variable load conditions.

Findings

The external load has a great influence on the radial load of angular contact ball bearing, further affecting the basic rating life of angular contact ball bearing, which is a great influence on the overall life of RV reducer under the condition of high frequency and heavy load.

Originality/value

This paper provides important ideas for the design and manufacture of RV reducer in theory and experiment technology.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 71 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 7 February 2024

Burcu Küçükoğlu Doğan, Abdurrahim Dal, Görkem Ağören and Tuncay Karaçay

In industry applications, polymer hybrid bearings have become widespread in recent years owing to the lack of lubricant requirements, particularly in areas requiring hygiene. The…

Abstract

Purpose

In industry applications, polymer hybrid bearings have become widespread in recent years owing to the lack of lubricant requirements, particularly in areas requiring hygiene. The additive manufacturing method gives significant advantages to have complex machinery parts, and it has become popular in the industry in recent years. However, it has some inherent disadvantages caused by layered deposition/addition of the materials, and the probability of the localized defect is much higher than in the conventional manufacturing methods. This study aims to investigate the effect of the outer race defect on the characteristics of vibration and service lifetime of hybrid polymer ball bearings produced with the stereolithography (SLA) additive manufacturing method.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, polymer bearings’ races were produced with the additive manufacturing SLA method, and the outer race defect was analyzed with measured vibrations.

Findings

The results show that the additive manufacturing method suggests a practical solution for producing a polymer hybrid ball bearing. On the other hand, the hybrid three-dimensional-printed bearing, which has an outer race defect, worked for approximately 8 h without any problems under a 1 kg load and a shaft speed of around 1,000 rpm. In addition, when there is a defect in the outer and/or inner race of the ball bearing, the crest factor and kurtosis of the vibration are higher than faultless ball bearing, as expected.

Originality/value

This paper provides valuable information on the lifetime and vibration characteristics of polymer hybrid ball bearing produced by means of additive manufacturing.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-06-2023-0183/

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 76 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 27 August 2024

Songhua Li, Shanhang Huang, Chao Wei, Jian Sun, Yonghua Wang and Kun Wang

This study aims to understand the influence of raceway surface topography on the temperature rise characteristics of silicon nitride (Si3N4) full ceramic ball bearing and improve…

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to understand the influence of raceway surface topography on the temperature rise characteristics of silicon nitride (Si3N4) full ceramic ball bearing and improve its service life.

Design/methodology/approach

The arithmetic average height Sa, skewness Ssk and kurtosis Sku in the three-dimensional surface roughness parameters are used to quantitatively characterize the surface topography of the raceway after superfinishing. The bearing life testing machine is used to test the Si3N4 full ceramic ball bearing using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) cage under dry friction conditions, and the self-lubricating full ceramic ball bearing heat generation model is established.

Findings

With the decrease of Sa and Ssk on the raceway surface and the increase of Sku, the average height of the raceway surface decreases, and the peaks and valleys tend to be symmetrically distributed on the average surface, and the surface texture becomes tighter. This kind of raceway surface topography is beneficial to form a thin and uniform filamentous PTFE transfer film with a wide coverage area on the raceway surface based on consuming less cage materials and improving the temperature rise characteristics of hot isostatic pressing silicon nitride full ceramic ball bearings.

Originality/value

The research results provide a theoretical basis for the reasonable selection of Si3N4 ring raceway processing technology and have important significance for improving the working characteristics and service life of Si3N4 full ceramic ball bearings under dry friction conditions.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 8 January 2018

De-xing Zheng, Weifang Chen and Miaomiao Li

Thermal performances are key factors impacting the operation of angular contact ball bearings. Heat generation and transfer about angular contact ball bearings, however, have not…

Abstract

Purpose

Thermal performances are key factors impacting the operation of angular contact ball bearings. Heat generation and transfer about angular contact ball bearings, however, have not been addressed thoroughly. So far, most researchers only considered the convection effect between bearing housings and air, whereas the cooling/lubrication operation parameters and configuration effect were not taken into account when analyzing the thermal behaviors of bearings. This paper aims to analyze the structural constraints of high-speed spindle, structural features of bearing, heat conduction and convection to study the heat generation and transfer of high-speed angular contact ball bearings.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the generalized Ohm’s law, the thermal grid model of angular contact ball bearing of high-speed spindle was first established. Next Gauss–Seidel method was used to solve the equations group by Matlab, and the nodes temperature was calculated. Finally, the bearing temperature rise was tested, and the comparative analysis was made with the simulation results.

Findings

The results indicate that the simulation results of bearing temperature rise for the proposed model are in better agreement with the test values. So, the thermal grid model established is verified.

Originality/value

This paper shows an improved model on forecasting temperature rise of high-speed angular contact ball bearings. In modeling, the cooling/lubrication operation parameters and structural constraints are integrated. As a result, the bearing temperature variation can be forecasted more accurately, which may be beneficial to improve bearing operating accuracy and bearing service life.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 70 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 5 October 2023

Zhixiong Chen, Weishan Long, Li Song and Xinglin Li

This paper aims to research the tribological and dynamic characteristics of aeroengine hybrid ceramic bearings through wear experiments and simulation analysis.

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to research the tribological and dynamic characteristics of aeroengine hybrid ceramic bearings through wear experiments and simulation analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the authors carried out wear experiments on Si3N4–GCr15 and GCr15–GCr15 friction pairs through the ball-disc wear test rig to explore the tribological properties of their materials. Second, using ANSYS/LS-DYNA simulation software, the dynamic simulation analysis of hybrid bearings was carried out under certain working conditions, and the dynamic contact stress of all-steel bearings of the same size was simulated and compared. Finally, the change of the maximum contact stress of the main bearing under the change of load and rotation speed was studied.

Findings

The results show that the Si3N4–GCr15 pair has better tribological performance. At the same time, under the conditions of high speed and heavy load, the simulation analysis shows that the contact stress between the ceramic ball and the raceway of the ring is smaller than the steel ball. That is, hybrid bearings have better transient mechanical properties than all-steel bearings. With the speed increasing to 12,000 r/min, the maximum stress point will shift in the inner and outer rings.

Originality/value

In this study, the tribological and transient mechanical properties of Si3N4 material were comprehensively analyzed through wear experiments and dynamic simulation analysis, which provided a reference for the design of hybrid bearings for next-generation aeroengines.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 95 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 29 August 2023

Jian Sun, Xin Fang, Jinmei Yao, Zhe Zhang, Renyun Guan and Guangxiang Zhang

The study aims to the distribution rule of lubricating oil film of full ceramic ball bearing and improve its performance and life.

Abstract

Purpose

The study aims to the distribution rule of lubricating oil film of full ceramic ball bearing and improve its performance and life.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper established an analysis model based on the fluid–solid conjugate heat transfer theory for full ceramic ball bearings. The distribution of flow, temperature and pressure field of bearings under variable working conditions is analyzed. Meanwhile, the mathematical model of elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) of full ceramic ball bearings is established. The numerical analysis is used to study the influence of variable working conditions on the lubricant film thickness and pressure distribution of bearings. The temperature rise test of full ceramic ball bearing under oil lubrication was carried out to verify the correctness of simulation results.

Findings

As the speed increased, the oil volume fraction in full ceramic ball bearing decreased and the surface pressure of rolling element increased. The temperature rise of full ceramic ball bearings increases with increasing speed and load. The lubricant film thickness of full ceramic ball bearing is positively correlated with speed and negatively correlated with load. The pressure of lubricating film is positively correlated with speed and load. The test shows that the higher inner ring speed and radial load, the higher the steady-state temperature rise of full ceramic ball bearing. The test results are in high agreement with simulation results.

Originality/value

Based on the fluid–solid conjugate heat transfer theory and combined with Reynolds equation, lubricating oil film thickness formula, viscosity temperature and viscosity pressure formula. The thermal analysis model and EHL mathematical model of ceramic ball bearings are established. The flow field, temperature field and pressure field distribution of the full ceramic ball bearing are determined. And the thickness and pressure distribution of lubricating oil film in the contact area of full ceramic ball bearing were determined.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-05-2023-0126/

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 75 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 10 August 2018

Baogang Wen, Hongjun Ren, Pengfei Dang, Xu Hao and Qingkai Han

The oil film thickness provides a key performance indicator of a ball bearing lubrication condition. This paper aims to propose an approach to calculate and measure the oil film…

Abstract

Purpose

The oil film thickness provides a key performance indicator of a ball bearing lubrication condition. This paper aims to propose an approach to calculate and measure the oil film thickness of the bearing.

Design/methodology/approach

On a specially designed test rig, measurement of the capacitance is used to monitor the oil film thickness of ball bearing. A corrected film thickness formula taking account of the influences of non-Newtonian shear thinning and thermal is introduced to predict the oil film thickness of ball bearing. And then the film thickness distribution and the corresponding capacitances are calculated.

Findings

Measurement and calculation of oil film thickness in a ball bearing are carried out under various rotating speeds and external loads. By comparing the calculated capacitances with measured results, it can be concluded that the calculated results obtained by the amended film thickness formula are much closer to the test findings than the classical computed values according to Hamrock–Dowson.

Originality/value

A new corrected film thickness formula is introduced in predicting oil film thickness of ball bearing and verified by the series of experiments according to capacitance method.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 70 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 4 April 2020

Hui Li, Heng Liu, Yi Liu, Shemiao Qi and Fengtao Wang

The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic behavior of the ball bearing with cage broken.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic behavior of the ball bearing with cage broken.

Design/methodology/approach

By analyzing the complicated relationship and interactions among the ball bearing elements, the dynamic modelling of the ball bearing with broken cage was established, and the dynamic simulations were conducted by solving the ball bearing dynamic equations using varying-step Runge–Kutta integration.

Findings

The computational results show that there is considerable distinguishment in the dynamic characteristics between the normal cage and the broken cage of the bears. The broken cage makes the trajectory of the cage erratic, and the vibration amplitude is much bigger than that of the normal cage, which makes the motion of the cage unstable. When one of the cage lintels breaks up, the two adjacent balls will collide with each other; what is worse, this may make the balls crush because of the high amplitude of the collision force. The broken cage makes the cage-race interaction force much larger than that of the normal cage, which could promote the guiding ring and quicken the cage wear-failure.

Originality/value

This study can provide important ideas for the fault identification of the ball bearing with cage broken.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-01-2020-0042/

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 72 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 8 May 2007

M.M. Maru, R. Serrato‐Castillo and L.R. Padovese

This work aims to compare the vibration behavior of roller and ball bearings operating with clean and quartz‐contaminated lubricants. Wear influence on vibration of both bearing

Abstract

Purpose

This work aims to compare the vibration behavior of roller and ball bearings operating with clean and quartz‐contaminated lubricants. Wear influence on vibration of both bearing types was also compared.

Design/methodology/approach

Experimental tests were run in clean and contaminated mineral oil. Contaminant quartz particles of 59 μm average size were tested in three concentration levels: 0.05, 0.25 and 0.5 g/l. Radial vibration of the roller bearing was measured by accelerometer and wear was analyzed through microscopy of the surfaces and optical spectrometry of oils.

Findings

Differences in vibration response among both bearing types were observed regarding the root mean square value of vibration data in the high frequency band (600‐10,000 Hz); differences in wear influence on vibration were also identified and correlated to the differences in the tribological features.

Originality/value

This paper presents a methodology for detecting contamination and wear of roller bearings by applying a simple procedure of vibration monitoring and analysis.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 59 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 16 August 2019

Vivek Bhardwaj, R.K. Pandey and V.K. Agarwal

The purpose of this paper is to develop an energy-efficient and dynamically improved thrust ball bearing using textured race. A texture has been used on the stationary race of the…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop an energy-efficient and dynamically improved thrust ball bearing using textured race. A texture has been used on the stationary race of the test bearing to conduct the long-duration experiment for exploring its tribological and vibrational behaviours under starved lubricating condition using micro size MoS2 blended grease. The performance behaviours of the textured race bearing have been compared with conventional bearing (i.e. having both races without textures) under the identical operating conditions for demonstrating the advantages of textured race.

Design/methodology/approach

Texture was created on stationary race of the test ball bearing (51308) using nano-second pulsed Nd: YAG laser. Performance parameters (frictional torque, temperature rise and vibrations) of textured ball bearings were measured under severe starved lubricating conditions for understanding the critical role of texture in the long duration of the test. S-type load cell and miniature accelerometer were used for measuring the frictional torque and vibration, respectively. Bulk temperature at stationary races (at the back side) of test bearings was measured in operating conditions using a non-contact infrared thermometer.

Findings

Significant reduction in frictional torque and decrease in amplitude of vibration with textured ball bearing were found even under the severe starved lubricating condition in comparison to conventional bearing.

Originality/value

There is dearth of research pertaining to the performance behaviours of ball bearings using textures on the races. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this study to explore the tribo-dynamic performance behaviours of a thrust ball bearing using a texture on its stationary race under severe starved lubricating condition for the longer duration of the test.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 71 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

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