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The purpose of the study would typically involve investigating how the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the learning abilities of university students. The study could encompass various factors that may influence students' ability to learn, such as their academic performance, motivation, engagement, mental health, access to resources and learning environment.

1. A cross-sectional design, collecting data at a specific point in time to capture the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on students' learning abilities. 2. A structured questionnaire will be developed based on relevant literature and research objectives. 3. The questionnaire could be administered to the targeted sample of university students through online surveys, email or other appropriate methods. 4. Descriptive statistics could be used to summarize the demographic characteristics and other relevant variables of the sample. Factor analysis could be performed to identify underlying factors. The Mann–Whitney test, a non-parametric test, could be used to compare the differences between groups.

The results of the data analysis would be interpreted and discussed in the context of the research objectives and relevant literature. The findings could provide insights into the factors that significantly affect learning abilities during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlight any differences among groups. Limitations of the study, such as sample size or potential biases, would also be discussed.

The study would provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on university students' learning abilities, highlight the existing literature in the field and establish the need for further research to investigate the factors influencing students' learning abilities during the pandemic. The study can provide a solid framework for similar studies.

This study reports the results of the empirical investigation of the Shari'ah legal framework which serves as a basis of the crowd humanitarian fund and poverty reduction among members of Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) for improving living conditions of less privileged people in the society.

Quantitative design was employed in this study and the population comprised middle and high-skilled workers among members of the OIC.

The results demonstrated that the majority of middle- and high-skilled workers were from the middle east and others were from Saudi Arabia, Asia and Africa respectively.

Most studies on crowd humanitarian funds were theoretical in nature, this study has empirically investigated.

By making crowd humanitarian funds to be grounded within the framework of Shari'ah, it will enable majority of people in predominant Muslim countries to partake in mutual or crowd funding in order to help the less-privileged individuals among OIC members in the society.

It is an important contribution for financial inclusion and economic growth for improving social and living conditions of the less privileged people in the society.

Most studies on crowd humanitarian funds were theoretical in nature; this study has empirically provided a substantial direction for activating the mindset of the empirical investigation of different financial concepts.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-12-2022-0773.

Are there smart ways to find heuristics? What are the common principles behind heuristics? We propose an integrative definition of heuristics, based on insights that apply to all heuristics, and put forward meta-heuristics for discovering heuristics.

We employ Herbert Simon’s metaphor that human behavior is shaped by the scissors of the mind and its environment. We present heuristics from different domains and multiple sources, including scholarly literature, practitioner-reports and ancient texts.

Heuristics are simple, actionable principles for behavior that can take different forms, including that of computational algorithms and qualitative rules-of-thumb, cast into proverbs or folk-wisdom. We introduce heuristics for tasks ranging from management to writing and warfare. We report 13 meta-heuristics for discovering new heuristics and identify four principles behind them and all other heuristics: Those principles concern the (1) plurality, (2) correspondence, (3) connectedness of heuristics and environments and (4) the interdisciplinary nature of the scissors’ blades with respect to research fields and methodology.

We take a fresh look at Simon’s scissors-metaphor and employ it to derive an integrative perspective that includes a study of meta-heuristics.

This study aims to develop eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for aluminum in acidic media by evaluating the corrosion inhibition properties of corn leaf extract (CLE) using response surface methodology (RSM) and experiments.

The RSM was combined with experiments to evaluate the corrosion inhibition properties of CLE on aluminum in acid media.

The effectiveness of the inhibition increased with increasing inhibitor concentration and time but decreased with increasing temperature. The corrosion inhibition mechanism revealed the corrosion process is spontaneous exothermic physical adsorption. Thermodynamic parameters revealed an activation energy between 32.1 and 24.7 kJ/mol, energy of adsorption between −14.53 and −65.07 and Gibbs free energy of −10.12 kJ/mol which indicated the CLE exothermically spontaneously physisorbed. A model was generated to estimate the effect of the process parameters (inhibitor concentration, reaction time and temperature) using the RSM. Optimization of the process factors was also carried out using the RSM. The percentage inhibition efficiency obtained experimentally (85.61%) was closely comparable to 84.89% obtained by the theoretical technique (RSM). The SEM observations of the inhibited and uninhibited Al samples demonstrated that CLE is an effective corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in acid media.

Results herein provide novel information on the possible application of CLEs as effective eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors.