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This paper aims to investigate the consequence of the combined impacts of an induced magnetic field and thermal radiation on peristaltic transport of a Carreau nanofluid in a vertical tapered asymmetric channel. The model applied for the nanofluid comprises the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis.

The governing equations have been simplified under the widespread assumption of long-wavelength and low-Reynolds number approximations. The reduced coupled nonlinear equations of momentum and magnetic force function have also been solved analytically using the regular perturbation method.

The physical features of emerging parameters have been discussed by drawing the graphs of velocity, temperature, nanoparticle concentration profile, magnetic force function, current density, heat transfer coefficient and stream function. It has been realized that the magnetic force function is increased with the increase of Hartmann number, magnetic Reynolds number and mean flow rate.

It may be first paper in which the effect of induced magnetic field on peristaltic flow of non-Newtonian nanofluid in a tapered asymmetric channel has been studied.

The purpose of this study, thermal radiation and viscous dissipation impacts on double diffusive convection on peristaltic transport of Williamson nanofluid due to induced magnetic field in a tapered channel is examined. The study of propulsion system is on the rise in aerospace research. In spacecraft technology, the propulsion system uses high-temperature heat transmission governed through thermal radiation process. This study will help in assessment of chyme movement in the gastrointestinal tract and also in regulating the intensity of magnetic field of the blood flow during surgery.

The brief mathematical modelling, along with induced magnetic field, of Williamson nanofluid is given. The governing equations are reduced to dimensionless form by using appropriate transformations. Numerical technique is manipulated to solve the highly nonlinear differential equations. The roll of different variables is graphically analyzed in terms of concentration, temperature, volume fraction of nanoparticles, axial-induced magnetic field, magnetic force function, stream functions, pressure rise and pressure gradient.

The key finding from the analysis above can be summed up as follows: the temperature profile decreases and concentration profile increases due to the rising impact of thermal radiation. Brownian motion parameter has a reducing influence on nanoparticle concentration due to massive transfer of nanoparticles from a hot zone to a cool region, which causes a decrease in concentration profile· The pressure rise enhances due to rising values of thermophoresis and thermal Grashof number in retrograde pumping, free pumping and copumping region.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, a study that integrates double-diffusion convection with thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and induced magnetic field on peristaltic flow of Williamson nanofluid with a channel that is asymmetric has not been carried out so far.

This paper aims to present the dielectrophoresis (DEP) force (FDEP), defined as microelectrofluidics mechanism capabilities in performing selective detection and rapid manipulation of blood components such as red blood cells (RBC) and platelets. The purpose of this investigation is to understand FDEP correlation to the variation of dynamic dielectric properties of cells under an applied voltage bias.

In this paper, tapered design DEP microelectrodes are used and explained. To perform the characterization and optimization by analysing the DEP polarization factor, the change in dynamic dielectric properties of blood components are observed according to the crossover frequency (f_xo) and adjustment frequency (f_adj) variation for selective detection and rapid manipulation.

Experimental observation of dynamic dielectric properties change shows clear correlation to DEP polarization factor when performing selective detection and rapid manipulation. These tapered DEP microelectrodes demonstrate an in situ DEP patterning efficiency more than 95%.

The capabilities of tapered DEP microelectrode devices are introduced in this paper. However, they are not yet mature in medical research studies for various purposes such as identifying cells and bio-molecules for detection, isolation and manipulation application. This is because of biological property variations that require further DEP characterization and optimization.

The introduction of microelectrofluidics using DEP microelectrodes operate by selective detecting and rapid manipulating via lateral and vertical forces. This can be implemented on precision health-care development for lab-on-a-chip application in microfluidic diagnostic and prognostic devices.

This study introduces a new concept to understand the dynamic dielectric properties change. This is useful for rapid, label free and precise methods to conduct selective detection and rapid manipulation of mixtures of RBC and platelets. Further, potential applications that can be considered are for protein, toxin, cancer cell and bacteria detections and manipulation. Implementation of tapered DEP microelectrodes can be used based on the understanding of dynamic dielectric properties of polarization factor analysis.

The novel mechanical, chemical and thermodynamics characteristics of both single- and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) make them a subject of much attention for the scientists and engineers from all domains. Fluid flows subject to CNTs are significant in biomedical engineering, energy storage systems, domestic and industrial cooling, automobile industries and solar energy collectors, etc. Keeping such effectiveness of CNTs in mind, this paper aims to examine peristaltic flow subject to CNTs in an asymmetric tapered channel. Both single and multiple walls CNTs are considered. The viscosity of nanomaterial depends on nanoparticles volume fraction and temperature. Total entropy rate through second law of thermodynamics is calculated. Heat source/sink and nonlinear heat flux are accounted.

The complicated flow expressions are simplified through lubrication approach. The velocity, temperature and entropy expressions are numerically solved by the built-in-shooting method.

The solutions for entropy generation, temperature and velocity are plotted, and the influences of pertinent variables are examined. The authors noticed that entropy generation is an increasing function of the Brinkman number.

The originality of this work is to communicate peristaltic CNTs-based nanomaterial peristaltic flow of viscous fluid in an asymmetric channel. No such consideration is yet published in the literature.

Describes preliminary structural design work on a notional uninhabited tactical aircraft (UTA), carried out at Cranfield University. UTAs are seen as an important future element of military fleets. A notional baseline requirement was derived, leading to the evolution of a design solution. The basic requirements for such a UTA are naturally highly classified but, although industry has been hesitant to comment, the baseline requirements and design solution developed herein are believed to be reasonable.

The purpose of this paper is to present an improved model based on center potential instead of surface potential which is physically more relevant and accurate. Also, additional analytic insights have been provided to make the model independent and robust so that it can be extended to a full range compact model.

The design methodology used is center potential based analytical modeling using Psuedo-2D Poisson equation, with ingeniously developed boundary conditions, which help achieve reasonably accurate results. Also, the depletion width calculation has been suitably remodeled, to account for proper physical insights and accuracy.

The proposed model has considerable accuracy and is able to correctly predict most of the physical phenomena occurring inside the broken gate Tunnel FET structure. Also, a good match has been observed between the modeled data and the simulation results. I_on/I_ambipolar ratio of 10^(−8) has been achieved which is quintessential for low power SOCs.

The modeling approach used is different from the previously used techniques and uses indigenous boundary conditions. Also, the current model developed has been significantly altered, using very simple but intuitive technique instead of complex mathematical approach.

This paper aims to develop an integrated and portable desktop 3D printer using direct extruding technology to expand applied material field. Different from conventional fused deposition modeling (FDM) which uses polymer filaments as feedstock, the developed system can fabricate products directly using polymer pellets. And its printing properties are also investigated.

A conical screw-based extrusion deposition (CSBED) system was developed with a large taper conical screw to plasticize and extrude fed materials. The 3D printer was developed with assistance of precision positioning and controlling system. Biocompatible thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) pellets were selected as raw materials for experiments. The influences of four processing parameters: nozzle temperature, fill vector orientation, layer thickness and infill density on the product’s internal structure and tensile properties were investigated.

It is concluded that the customized system has a high manufacturing accuracy with a diminutive global size and is suitable for printing soft materials such as TPU. Theoretical calculation shows the developed conical screw is more effective in plasticizing and extruding compared with conventional screw. Printed samples can achieve applicable tensile properties under harmonious parameter cooperation. Deposited materials are found to have voids among adjacent roads under unbefitting parameters.

The developed system efficiently improves material limitations compared to commercial FDM systems and exhibits great potential in medical field because soft materials such as biocompatible TPU pellets can be directly used.

A truss particularly for use as an aeroplane spar comprises built‐up booms with continuous Warren girder trussing between them, each boom comprising an inner substantially flat element and an outer corrugated element secured to the inner element at the bottoms of its corrugations so as to form a number of closed sections. The figure shows a spar built up from continuous strip steel stock, of high tensile stainless steel, in which all the parts are joined by spot welding. The booms comprise a flat strip 12 with turned‐over edges 13 and a superimposed corrugated strip 14 which overlaps the flanges 13 and of which the bottoms of the corrugations contact with the strip 12 as at 15. The web is formed of continuous channel section strips 16 bent to Warren girder form, each strip being opened out to plane section at its apices for welding to strip 12 and provided at these points with a strengthening groove. One member 16 is provided for each corrugation 11 and they are assembled in staggered relation, as shown. The method of assembly is first to secure the parts 12 and 16 in position and pass them through a continuous welding machine, spot welding the apices of the web girders to parts 12; parts 14 are then put in position and the bottoms 15 of the corrugations 11 contracted on to the surface of part 12 and the edges 14 overlapped on to the flanges 13, the bottoms of the corrugations being welded to the outer faces of members 12 and the edges 14 to the flanges 13. The number of sets of web bracings and of corrugations in the booms may be varied simultaneously along the length of the spar, as well as their shapes. Boom members of one width may be connected to those of another by overlapping and spot welding them in place.

The current paper investigates the bioconvective third-grade nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic organisms with Copper-blood nanoparticles in permeable walls.

The equations governing the flow are solved by adopting the Adomian decomposition method.

The results show that the biconvection Peclet number decreases the density of motile microorganisms, and the Rayleigh number also decreases the velocity profile.

The present study can be applied to design the higher generation microsystems.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no such investigation has been carried out in the literature.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a teaching model involving an experimental studio project for first-year interior architecture university students.

Content, process, teaching style and feedback are examined in a project, run over five years, concerning transitioning between environments for people with autism in an attempt to advance design of autism schools. Research methodology, teaching model, outcomes and group dynamics are critiqued.

Feedback from experienced autism-specific teachers across eight case study schools raise recurring issues framing a series of design problems navigated by students. The teaching model enhances student exploration of how sensory processing difficulties, through spatial transitioning strategies, might be approached, whilst furthering their specialist knowledge as future designers of inclusive spaces.

Each transitioning platform requires deeper research to form a realistic interior typology. A further project to install and evaluate specific “transitioning insertions” into circulation spaces of an autism school is proposed for future research.

The identification of this teaching model illustrates how to embed design for autism in the university curriculum.

The project brief helps address the National Autistic Society’s public autism awareness campaign “Too Much Information” highlighting anxieties that “unexpected change” causes. Effective design of transitioning spaces can help people with autism to cope with their environment, reducing behaviours and improving learning.

The creation of the “Co-specialist ASD-educator model” will be of value to universities. “Ten Spatial Transitioning Platforms” were uncovered relating to Transitions. This will be of importance to autism researchers and eventually design practitioners.