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Individuals suffering from serious mental illness (SMI) face many challenges of navigating a complex and often fragmented health care system and may die significantly earlier from co-morbid physical health conditions. Integrating mental and physical health care for individuals with SMI is an emerging trend addressing the often-neglected physical health care needs of this population to better coordinate care and improve health outcomes.

Population Health Management (PHM) provides a useful framework for designing integrated care programs for individuals with SMI.

This paper examines the structure and evolution of the integrated care program in Missouri in the context of PHM, highlighting particular elements of PHM that facilitate and support development of an integrated mental and physical health care program.

As health care reform provides external motivation to provide integrated care, this study can be useful as other states attempt to address this important issue.

This paper describes major trends in the health care market. They include increased health care costs, the growth of managed care, emphasis on quality of care, consumer choice and the growth of the elderly and uninsured populations. The relationship between cost, quality, managed care and choice are explored in the Medicare and Medicaid programs. A clearer understanding of these trends enables managers in health care organizations to make strategic decisions resulting in organizations' survival and growth.

This article examines the scope of change which is likely to be brought about in the American health care industry due to the emergence of capitated reimbursement systems. As we will see, the goals, the terminology, and the operations of hospitals in the United States will be greatly affected as the shift to capitation occurs. This article explores the underlying cause of the movement of hospitals toward capitation and examines the impact of capitation on hospital management practices.

The purpose of this paper is to present information on the health care system in Germany with the focus on mental health care in people with intellectual disabilities (ID).

The paper is descriptive providing an overview of the general structure of the German health care system with historical and economic background. The paper also provides further information on the general social and health care in Germany for people with ID and medical education in the field of ID is used.

There is a highly developed health care infrastructure in Germany but health care for people with ID is not co-ordinated or universal. Mental health care for people with ID is predominantly in in-patient services. Only in recent years, out-patient services for people with ID have been developed. There is a little emphasis in medical education on the health care needs of people with ID.

The value of this paper is its description of health care in Germany and services for people with ID.

THIS ARTICLE APPRAISES the Government's White Paper, The New NHS: Modern, Dependable, from the perspective of a health authority chief executive, outlining the context for developing health care, the joint challenges of the White Paper and the Green Paper, Our Healthier Nation, the role and potential of primary care groups (in detail), the developing role of the health authority, and the agenda for shaping and improving the delivery of health and health services. It ends with an appraisal of particular implications for community care.

As the health‐care industry undergoes major change, a method of “accounting for quality” has become a key factor in health services delivery and fiscal accountability. This article examines several aspects of health care that inhibit the development of common methods of defining and accounting for quality. Key issues and characteristics of the health‐care market are addressed and the article provides a synthesis of these obstacles to the process of deriving common measures and standards of quality that may be utilized by the health‐care industry for financial decisions.

This paper aims to explore the intricate relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and health information literacy (HIL), examining the rise of AI in health care, the intersection of AI and HIL and the imperative for promoting AI literacy and integrating it with HIL. By fostering collaboration, education and innovation, stakeholders can navigate the evolving health-care ecosystem with confidence and agency, ultimately improving health-care delivery and outcomes for all.

This paper adopts a conceptual approach to explore the intricate relationship between AI and HIL, aiming to provide guidance for health-care professionals navigating the evolving landscape of AI-driven health-care delivery. The methodology used in this paper involves a synthesis of existing literature, theoretical analysis and conceptual modeling to develop insights and recommendations regarding the integration of AI literacy with HIL.

Impact of AI on health-care delivery: The integration of AI technologies in health-care is reshaping the industry, offering unparalleled opportunities for improving patient care, optimizing clinical workflows and advancing medical research. Significance of HIL: HIL, encompassing the ability to access, understand and critically evaluate health information, is crucial in the context of AI-driven health-care delivery. It empowers health-care professionals, patients and the broader community to make informed decisions about their health and well-being. Intersection of AI and HIL: The convergence of AI and HIL represents a critical juncture, where technological innovation intersects with human cognition. AI technologies have the potential to revolutionize how health information is generated, disseminated and interpreted, necessitating a deeper understanding of their implications for HIL. Challenges and opportunities: While AI holds tremendous promise for enhancing health-care outcomes, it also introduces new challenges and complexities for individuals navigating the vast landscape of health information. Issues such as algorithmic bias, transparency and accountability pose ethical dilemmas that impact individuals’ ability to critically evaluate and interpret AI-generated health information. Recommendations for health-care professionals: Health-care professionals are encouraged to adopt strategies such as staying informed about developments in AI, continuous education and training in AI literacy, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and advocating for policies that promote ethical AI practices.

To enhance AI literacy and integrate it with HIL, health-care professionals are encouraged to adopt several key strategies. First, staying abreast of developments in AI technologies and their applications in health care is essential. This entails actively engaging with conferences, workshops and publications focused on AI in health care and participating in professional networks dedicated to AI and health-care innovation. Second, continuous education and training are paramount for developing critical thinking skills and ethical awareness in evaluating AI-driven health information (Alowais et al., 2023). Health-care organizations should provide opportunities for ongoing professional development in AI literacy, including workshops, online courses and simulation exercises focused on AI applications in clinical practice and research.

This paper lies in its exploration of the intersection between AI and HIL, offering insights into the evolving health-care landscape. It innovatively synthesizes existing literature, proposes strategies for integrating AI literacy with HIL and provides guidance for health-care professionals to navigate the complexities of AI-driven health-care delivery. By addressing the transformative potential of AI while emphasizing the importance of promoting critical thinking skills and ethical awareness, this paper contributes to advancing understanding in the field and promoting informed decision-making in an increasingly digital health-care environment.

Health care spending in the U.S. continues to outpace inflation and wage growth, which is likely to keep the burden of rising health care costs in the spotlight. As health care costs increase, health insurers face the challenges of providing quality health care at a reasonable cost. Some health care providers and insurers use economic measures such as return on investment to assess the effectiveness of health care. How does one measure the value of health? What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of using economic measures to evaluate health care?

This paper looks health care costs and who pays for them. What portion of health care costs is borne by employers? What portion by employees? Who does or should pay for health care of people who are uninsured? What is the role of insurance? If people do not have health care insurance, does it matter whether the reason they are uninsured is because they cannot afford it or because they choose not to be insured?

Selvam (2002) belives that the number one ethical dilemma in the U.S. is how to address the almost 40 million Americans who lack health care coverage. With rising hospital costs, even the hardest-working and most prudent persons are at risk. Many workers do not have health insurance and even if they are covered, they may not get what they need. What are some of the ethical issues facing patients, health care providers and insurers? What role should government have in assuring that all people receive quality health care?

Neither private nor state run health care systems are perfect. Although there is increasing evidence that Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) provide comparable care at lower cost, HMOs tend to select healthy patients. The dual health care system in Hong Kong spends about 3.9 per cent of GDP, with health indices among the best in the world. Hong Kong still faces the problem of escalating health care expenditure. One should take advantage of the dual health care system to evolve a new paradigm for a primary‐led seamless health care service. The Diabetes Centre of a university teaching hospital together with the University of Community and Family Medicine has started a structured shared care programme in diabetes mellitus, involving general practitioners in both the private and public sectors integrating the primary and secondary care, and the private and public sectors. This programme starts to develop an infrastructure for providing quality care at an affordable cost for a large pool of patients with chronic disease. Unlike other “managed care schemes”, this one is not run by profit‐oriented companies, but by health professionals with an interest in providing best possible care at an affordable cost. The “disease management” approach needs a care delivery system without traditional boundaries; and a continuous improvement process which develops and refines the knowledge base, guidelines and delivery system.

In this paper, the Scottish Government's approach to improving outcomes for patients and service users by integrating health and social care planning and provision is described. The Scottish Parliament passed primary legislation in February 2014, which places requirements on Health Boards and Local Authorities to work together more closely than ever before. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

This paper sets out the Scottish Government's legislative approach to integrating health and social care, based on previous experience of encouraging better partnership between health and social care working without legislative compulsion.

The Scottish Government has concluded that legislation is required to create the integrated environment necessary for health and social care provision to meet the changing needs of Scotland's ageing population.

The paper is confined to experience in Scotland.

Legislation is now complete, and implementation of the new arrangements is starting. Evaluation of their impact will be ongoing.

The new integrated arrangements in Scotland are intended to achieve a significant shift in the balance of care in favour of community-based support rather than institutional care in hospitals and care homes. Its social implications will be to support greater wellbeing, particularly for people with multimorbidities within communities.

Scotland is taking a unique approach to integrating health and social care, focusing on legislative duties on Health Boards and Local Authorities to work together, rather than focusing on structural change alone. The scale of planned integration is also significant, with planning for, at least, all of adult social care and primary health care, and a proportion of acute hospital care, included in the new integrated arrangements.