Search results

Even if they meet their energy needs in a multiplicity of ways, EU member states are united in their commitment to environmental technology. Europe is a leader in the research and development of new energy sources, as well as the refinement of existing ones. As energy supply becomes a global trade, Europe’s energy‐efficient technology is in tune with the new environmental consciousness. Now it is up to Europe’s politicians to support its energy industry in exporting green power where it is most urgently needed – the developing world.

The purpose of this paper is to assess renewable energy‐based cooling technologies using multi‐criteria methodology.

Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology is applied to obtain the ranking of renewable energy options for cooling technology using five different criteria. In total, seven technologies were analyzed, based on the opinions obtained from experts and the extensive literature survey made and the ranking was obtained using AHP method.

The present findings revealed that the ranking for the renewable energy‐based cooling technologies were in the following order: biomass combustion, biogas, trigeneration, SPV, biomass gasifier, solar thermal storage, and hybrid technology. Only 5 per cent variation in global priority exists among top three options. This variation is considered insignificant due to rapidly varying factors such as technological advancements, government promotional schemes, fuel availability, etc. and hence these three options may be ranked equally.

The research output is helpful in identifying the technology, with promising potential for promoting technology on a wider scale. Additional attributes and sensitivity analysis can be included for further research.

The paper usefully describes the AHP methodology utilized in the present study and the ranking made for the evaluation of renewable energy‐based cooling systems. The outcome of the present study would benefit policymakers, researchers and entrepreneurs when choosing the appropriate cooling technology.

This article aims to present complete analysis of energy losses in complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuits and the effectiveness of dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) as a method of energy conservation in CMOS circuits in variety of technologies. Energy efficiency in CMOS devices is an issue of highest importance with still continuing technology scaling. There are powerful tools for energy conservation in form of dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) and dynamic frequency scaling (DFS).

Using analytical equations and Spice models of various technologies, energy losses are calculated and effectiveness of DVS and DFS is evaluated for every technology.

Test showed that new dedicated technology for low static energy consumption can be as economical as older technologies. The dynamic voltage and frequency scaling are most effective when there is a dominance of dynamic energy losses in circuit. In case when static energy losses are comparable to dynamic energy losses, use of dynamic voltage frequency scaling can even lead to increased energy consumption.

This paper presents complete analysis of energy losses in CMOS circuits and effectiveness of mentioned methods of energy conservation in CMOS circuits in six different technologies.

The demand for energy infrastructure projects has increased steadily over the last few decades and has come at a high cost. Disruptive technologies (DTs) have the inherent capability to affect the performance of energy infrastructure projects. Therefore, this research aims to explore the implications of DTs on the performance of energy infrastructure projects.

This research adopts a positivist philosophical position. A quantitative strategy and deductive approach (based on a survey design) guided this study. Sixty-six respondents participated in the study. The study’s population comprised of experts in energy infrastructure projects who possessed a high level of industrial experience including top- and middle-level management of power generation companies. Cochran’s formula was used to select a sufficient sample for the study. Linear regression, one sample test and Cronbach’s alpha were the analytical tools adopted.

This study established that there is an 18.4% increase in the performance of energy infrastructure projects in Ghana when DTs are applied. In order of importance, DTs improve speed of operations in energy projects; reduce operating cost and enhance efficiency of energy projects; drive sustainable economic development; enhance security in energy projects; and improve environmental sustainability of projects. The study also revealed that e-commerce technologies, renewable energy technologies, three-dimensional printing, bar code technology, photogrammetry, global positioning systems, geographic information systems and nanotechnologies were the topmost ranked DTs with the most impact on the performance of energy infrastructure projects.

This is a novel investigation on the implications of DTs on the performance of Ghanaian energy infrastructure projects. This study’s practical implication is evident in both policy and practice. Energy sector policymakers should endeavour to adopt DTs in their operations to enhance sustainability and performance.

Sustainable development (SD) in developing countries is mentioned as one of the main aims of the Kyoto protocol's clean development mechanism. However, in the present context, uncertainty prevails to whether the (CDM) is actually procuring its aims in terms of achieving SD and to what extent. Chile, which has an open market economy, could risk becoming “locked” into a carbon intensive future, due to the recently discovered coal reserves and plans of large utilities to move to coal technology and not necessarily clean‐coal technology. The aim of this paper is to assist Chile in finding ways of encouraging technology transfer of energy technologies that would contribute to a low‐carbon sustainable energy development.

In order to be able to identify potential CDM projects facilitating SD in developing countries, through technology transfer from developed ones and, thus, to formulate a series of possible investment strategies with a SD component, it is crucial to establish a clear understanding of the host country's needs and priorities and the suitable energy technologies to meet these needs.

This paper presents results obtained from an elaborated stakeholders' assessment on Chile's high priority energy needs, sustainable energy technologies fulfilling these needs and opportunities and barriers related with the implementation of these technologies in the particular market.

The paper provides useful results that could facilitate Chile's designated national authority as well as future project investors to put on the map the most suitable sustainable energy technologies, based on the country's SD needs and priorities, to transfer and implement via CDM. The above is particularly important for Chile since recent coal discoveries could risk becoming “locked” into a carbon intensive future.

This article reflects an analysis of the energy issues tackled in national foresight studies to date. The energy sector has not been explicitly mentioned in some of the studies but it is integrated in other sectors. What follows is a summary of the issues on which the different foresight studies are focused. The summary includes the most important topics affecting energy‐related issues for the panel of experts of each country. The article shows, first, a group of general considerations specific for each country. It then shows the types of technologies which have been considered in each foresight study. Finally, before drawing conclusions, it provides a technology table from which it is possible to see which energy technologies have been considered as important in each country.

The building and construction industry has a significant potential to reduce adverse climate change effects. There are plans to improve the natural resource use and greenhouse gas emissions caused by the buildings by choosing energy-efficient technologies, renewable energy sources and sustainable architectural and constructional elements. This study systematically reviews the patent data for climate change mitigation technologies related to buildings, aiming to detect their relative importance and evaluate each technology in the Y02B network.

The applied approach covers the process of (1) selecting high-impact technology, (2) collecting patent data from the USPTO database, (3) creating a citation frequency matrix using cooperative patent classification codes, (4) linking high-impact patents with analytical network process method, (5) limiting centrality of identifying core technologies from indicators and (6) creating a technology network map with social network analysis.

The study results show that energy-saving control techniques, energy-efficient lighting devices, end-user electricity consumption, management technologies and systems that convert solar energy into electrical energy are core solutions that reduce the effects of climate change. In addition, solutions that will support core technologies and whose effects are expected to increase in the coming years are energy-efficient heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems, smart grid integration, hybrid renewable energy systems, fuel cells, free cooling and heat recovery units and glazing technologies.

Most of the studies on patent analysis have failed to demonstrate any convincing evidence down to the lowest component groups of an entire technology network. The applied approach considers and evaluates each component included in a technology network from a holistic perspective.

The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the dynamic interactions and co‐evolution of institutions with the technology and organization fields in emerging industry development. Insights and inspirations from comparison of the triangle relationship among government, market and local community in different institutional contexts could contribute to possible institutional innovation in the context of large‐scale institutional transition. In this way, this paper is expected to offer insights to the development of emerging industries in China.

The paper reviews the focal literature focusing on institutional change and the co‐evolution of institution, industry and technology. A multi‐level conceptual framework is put forward to explain the mechanism for the co‐evolution of technology, organization and institution. A multi‐case comparison method was applied to compare and disclose the process of co‐evolution of institutions, and the technology and organizational fields, as well as varied paths of industry development in different institutional contexts.

Emerging industry development in China is still presenting the character of path dependence to a great extent under traditional institutional arrangement, while the power and possible contribution from broader actors in the local community have been ignored. Driving force for a more innovative institutional transition towards emerging industry development should consider decentralized institutional arrangement and actions at local community instead of “command and control” from central planning.

First, the comparison of wind energy industry development in three countries creates possibilities for further analysis and reference for China's emerging industry. Second, the illustration of the triangle relationship among government, market and local community in different countries helps policy makers in China reconsider and redesign an effective institutional framework for balancing the powers among indigenous community, local government and market. Institutional alignment should be listed as an important consideration during the process of the policy design of such an effective institutional framework.

The paper presents a model to understand the dynamic co‐evolution of the institution, technology and organizational fields. It confirms the role of institution in promoting emerging industry development. Particularly, it offers inspirations for the development of emerging industries in nations facing large‐scale institutional transition.

This study aims to propose a novel approach based on utility mining to find the associations among wind energy technologies.

The proposed approach uses patent documents and utility mining. Associations among wind energy technologies have been evaluated to show how the proposed approach works in practice.

Determining the relationships between wind energy technologies provide essential information to investors and decision-makers. Therefore, a real-life case study of wind energy technology is performed to show how the proposed approach works in practice. The proposed approach founds technology classes associated with wind energy technology. Furthermore, the strongest associations among technologies are also obtained by the proposed approach. The results of the case study show that the proposed approach can be easily used in practice. The maximum size of itemsets is 18-level itemsets. Y02E and F03D cooperative patent classification (CPC) codes appear on all itemsets. As the technologies of Y02E and F03D are directly correlated, they will be mutually developed in the future. Additionally, the number of patent corresponding to Y02E and F03D CPC codes are 7,494 and 6,577, respectively.

This is the first study that applies the utility mining-based approach to patent documents. Different levels of importance among technologies based on patent citations and the number of repetitions of each technology class are considered in the proposed approach.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the wind energy technologies using the social network analysis based on patent information. Analysis of patent documents with social network analysis is used to identify the most influential and connected technologies in the field of wind energy.

In the literature, patent data are often used to evaluate technologies. Patents related to wind energy technologies are obtained from the United States Patent and Trademark Office database and the relationships among sub-technologies based on Corporate Patent Classification (CPC) codes are analyzed in this study. The results of two-phase algorithm for mining high average-utility itemsets algorithm, which is one of the utility mining algorithm in data mining, is used to find associations among wind energy technologies for social network analysis.

The results of this study show that it is very important to focus on wind motors and technologies related to energy conversion or management systems reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The results of this study imply that Y02E, F03D and F05B CPC codes are the most influential CPC codes based on social network analysis.

Analysis of patent documents with social network analysis for technology evaluation is extremely limited in the literature. There is no research related to the analysis of patent documents with social network analysis, in particular CPC codes, for wind energy technology. This paper fills this gap in the literature. This study explores technologies related to wind energy technologies and identifies the most influential wind energy technologies in practice. This study also extracts useful information and knowledge to identify core corporate patent class (es) in the field of wind energy technology.