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The purpose of this research is to explore how and to what extent the Blended Learning Classroom (BLC) model enhances students’ learning experience. The creation of the BLC model was to provide different learning approaches to overcome the challenges in the new normal regarding how we could manage the Thailand Lesson Study Incorporated Open Approach (TLSOA) model to maximize students’ independent learning.

The researcher employed a participatory observation research design for 178 participants consisting of directors and teachers from 62 schools using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using the stimulated recall technique that allowed the participants to reflect and discuss what was happening while they were applying the BLC model.

A total of 84.9 percent of participants agreed and strongly agreed with the benefits of implementing the BLC model. The results revealed that Lesson Study (LS) teams created the problem situations substantially by emphasizing across-subject. The qualitative findings revealed that there are three valuable insights in terms of the strengths, challenges and effectiveness of implementing the BLC model.

These discussions are limited to a study representative of 62 out of 274 project schools.

The successful implementation of the BLC model requires effective planning, ongoing support for teachers and a suitable infrastructure to ensure access to technology.

This research adds new insight to the scarce amount of literature on students’ active, interactive and self-regulated learning in a BL environment.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relevance of the bank lending channel (BLC) of monetary policy and the bank efficiency in Egypt.

This paper examines the effectiveness of bank lending channel using generalized method of moments GMM model during the period from 1996 to 2014. Also, it uses stochastic frontier approach (SFA) to examine the bank efficiency in Egypt.

This study supports the relevance of the BLC using panel data. Moreover, applying SFA, this paper computes cost efficiency taking account of both time and country effects directly. The finding suggests that banks with low inflation and high GDP tend to perform more efficiently.

The limitation of the study is examining one country only.

The finding signals that the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) should adjust interest rate in order to stabilize the bank loan supply.

It is important for the CBE and Egyptian banks because it highlights the importance of BLC.

It examines one channel of monetary policy and bank efficiency in Egypt.

This paper tests the impact of the financial structure of banks on the bank lending channel of monetary policy transmission in Colombia.

We use a monthly panel of 51 commercial banks for the period 1996:4–2014:8.

An increase in the monetary policy interest rate significantly reduces bank loan growth. The magnitude of this effect depends on banks’ financial structure. Additionally, we identify an asymmetric effect in which the bank lending channel is stronger in monetary contractions than during expansions. We show that this behavior is due to the heterogeneous response of banks with different levels of solvency. This finding has important implications for the design and implementation of monetary policy and coordination of central bank’s policy with key economic agents.

The fact that the BLC is stronger in times of monetary contraction is quite interesting for central banking, as it shows that monetary policy transmission is harder during macroeconomic downturns. When investment plans are depressed, monetary stimulus may prove insufficient to reactivate credit demand. This has proven to be true in advanced economies after a strong recession and our results suggest that is also true in emerging market economies for economic downturns in general. Central banks may have to provide stronger shocks to reactivate private credit when the economy is facing a slow economic recovery.

Our findings point out that an increase in the monetary policy interest rate significantly reduces bank loan growth. However, the magnitude of this effect critically depends on two aspects. First, bank heterogeneity matters. Particularly, the loan supply of better capitalized banks is less sensitive to monetary policy shocks. Second, the response of credit supply to shifts in short-term interest rates critically depends on the monetary policy stance. The BLC is stronger in times of monetary contraction than during expansions. Moreover, we show that this asymmetric behavior is due to the heterogeneous response of banks with different levels of solvency to the monetary policy stance.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of monetary policy on the lending behaviour of commercial banks in Zambia using bank-level data.

Dynamic panel data econometric analysis is used to uncover the evidence of monetary transmission mechanism in Zambian banking industry. Other specifications are used as robustness checks.

Contrary to received evidence, the authors find that the bank lending channel in Zambia operates mainly through large banks. The effect of monetary policy on medium-sized banks is moderate while it is virtually non-existent for smaller banks. Furthermore, the data does not show evidence of relationship lending for smaller banks.

Overall, the findings of this investigation suggest that price signals, rather than quantity aggregates, matter the most in the transmission of monetary policy in Zambia. The results therefore lend support to the central bank’s recent shift in monetary policy framework from using monetary aggregates to interest rate targeting as a means to strengthen effectiveness of monetary policy.

Organisational planning identifies two areas — corporate culture and human resources — which have received much attention as key areas in formulating strategic plans in many organisations. Traditional planning fails to give flexibility in the face of foreign competition, technological advancement, etc., and therefore management must adjust their managerial style to accommodate new performance criteria, reward systems and other innovative ideas, to progress successfully.

The objective of the paper is to provide an understanding of how large organisations develop line extensions of their brands and to present guidelines for management when considering an upscale line extension.

A qualitative research technique was used in this study. It involved case study research in the beverage industry, where 11 senior marketers were interviewed in depth.

A line extension into premium categories was seen to be an effective strategy to revitalise a brand. Respondents also stated that the line extension needs to be very closely linked to the core brand. Being an early entrant but not first‐to‐market or late‐to‐market was also important.

Guidelines to management are provided and a framework is developed for using upscale line extensions in brand revitalization strategies. Marketing managers have been given a three‐step approach to line extension management.

The circular economy is a production and consumption model that encourages people to share, lease, reuse, repair, refurbish and recycle existing materials and products for as long as possible. The blockchain-based circular economy is being used in many industries worldwide, but Indian electronic MSMEs face many problems in adopting a blockchain-based circular economy. The research aims to discover the barriers the electronic MSMEs face in adopting a blockchain-based circular economy and pull back from achieving environmental sustainability in their operations.

Fifteen barriers are identified from the literature review and finalized with experts' opinions. These barriers are evaluated by using interpretive structural modeling (ISM), MICMAC analysis and fuzzy TOPSIS method.

Lack of support from distribution channels, lack of traceability mechanism and customer attitudes toward purchasing remanufactured goods are identified as the most critical barriers.

The study will benchmark the electronic MSMEs in achieving environmental sustainability in the blockchain-based circular economy.

It is a study that not only establishes a hierarchical relationship among the barriers of blockchain adoption in Indian electronic MSMEs but also verifies the results with fuzzy TOPSIS method.

Innovation is constantly present in the construction industry, however, mainly on a single project level. Initiating and implementing inter-organizational innovation in a multi-project context such as in urban development entails large complexity, for example, because of the many interdependent projects and users of innovation. The users’ influence on inter-organizational innovation in a multi-project context has not been fully explored. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to discuss how users influence inter-organizational innovation in multi-project contexts by mapping the receptiveness for change.

A single case study approach was used, where empirical material including semi-structured interviews in combination with meeting observations, document studies and participative workshops were gathered. The rich empirical material, studying inter-organizational innovation in an urban development context, was mapped based on the receptive context for change framework.

A receptive context for change was not present in the studied multi-project context. Communication to develop and implement inter-organizational innovation was not sufficient and the clients’ procurement strategies were to a large extent not developed to facilitate inter-organizational innovation. Findings show differences in users’ possibility and aim to implement inter-organizational innovation.

The mapping of the receptive context to influence inter-organizational innovation widens the knowledge base and provides valuable insights on how inter-organizational innovation may be implemented in the loosely coupled construction industry. Furthermore, the findings broaden the discussion on clients as innovation supporters, and contribute to the debate on clients as innovation supporters, by highlighting the importance of distinguishing between different types of clients.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate buyers' perceptions and preferences for three different packaging formats of low-priced wines existing in the Chilean market: Brick Liquid Carton, Traditional Glass Bottle (0.75 L), and Magnum Glass Bottle (1.5 L). Since differences between these packaging formats do not permit a comparison of intrinsic packaging attributes, a consumer-centered perspective was adopted, with consumption occasion, perceived packages properties and demographic characteristics used as explanatory variables.

Data were collected through the administration of an online structured questionnaire. The study sample consisted of 433 low-income wine buyers who declared to buy low-priced wine in different package formats.

Findings reveal that preferences for different packaging options of low-priced wines vary depending on consumption occasion and that there are marginal effects of gender and age on these preferences. Also, results show that buyers' associations of different formats to relevant features are not equal, with perceived differences observed not only in features related to intrinsic package properties but also in terms of the properties of the wine they contain.

The results of this study have several implications for managers in the wine industry. First, and as preferences for alternative formats depend on the consumption occasion, marketing campaigns reinforcing these preferences or showing alternative occasions can be adopted. Second, the BLC format seems to be more accepted by younger consumers, and thus focusing on this segment can be a good alternative for companies selling wine in this format. Finally, firms selling wine in alternative package formats should try to educate or inform consumers about the marginal or null impact of packages on wine properties.

The study sheds light on the perceptions and preferences for alternative package formats within the wine industry, a topic that has been scantly explored. Specifically, it provides valuable marketing insights regarding the impact of consumption occasion on these preferences and the main features associated with the studied formats.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the results of energy audit reports and defines most favourable characteristics of system, which is energy consumption of buildings, and most favourable factors affecting these characteristics in order to modify and improve them.

Grey set theory has the advantage of using fewer data to analyse many factors, and it is therefore more appropriate for system study rather than traditional statistical regression which requires massive data, normal distribution in the data and few variant factors. So, in this paper grey clustering and entropy of coefficient vector of grey evaluations are used to analyse energy consumption in buildings of the Oil Ministry in Tehran. Grey clustering in this study has been used for two purposes: First, all the variables of building relate to energy audit cluster in two main groups of indicators and the number of variables is reduced. Second, grey clustering with variable weights has been used to classify all buildings in three categories named “no standard deviation”, “low standard deviation” and “non-standard”. Entropy of coefficient vector of grey evaluations is calculated to investigate greyness of results.

According to the results of the model, “the real building load coefficient” has been selected as the most important system characteristic and “uncontrolled area of the building” has been diagnosed as the most favourable factor which has the greatest effect on energy consumption of building.

Clustering greyness of 13 buildings is less than 0.5 and average uncertainly of clustering results is 66 per cent.

It shows that among the 38 buildings surveyed in terms of energy consumption, three cases are in standard group, 24 cases are in “low standard deviation” group and 11 buildings are completely non-standard.

In this research, a comprehensive analysis of the audit reports is proposed. This analysis helps the improvement of future audits, and assists in making energy conservation policies by studying the behaviour of system characteristic and related factors.