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In the first article in this series, the author dealt with general classification and composition of oils, fats and waxes, and this went on to discuss the properties of drying and non‐drying vegetable oils. In this second part, the properties of animal and fish oils, fats and waxes will be considered.

In some ways the year that ends with this month—the year covered by the eighteenth volume of The Library World—has been a definitely bibliographical and indexing one. Librarians were never before furnished with so many aids to book‐selection, for example. Hitherto they have depended for exhaustive statements of the literary output of England upon The Publisher's Circular and The Times Literary Supplement, which invaluable aids they will continue to use, and for selective guides they have had recourse to the lists of best books in The Librarian and in The Library Association Record, with auxiliary service from the A.L.A Book List for American books. Now a formidable competitor to all these has arisen in the fully annotated, classified, and comprehensive monthly lists in The Athenæum, which are being published with the co‐operation of The Library Association. These lists, which are classified by Dewey, are in a sound library cataloguing form—and thus are superior to those in The Times Literary Supplement—and have been made selective by the starring of the best books. This work of starring has been undertaken by librarians, and in consequence of the appearance of the lists the Library Association has decided, wisely as we think, to cease publishing its own lists of best books in the L. A. Record. In guides to periodical literature we have the famous Readers' Guide, the excellent monthly issued by the H. W. Wilson Company, which is almost exclusively American—it indexes only eight British periodicals out of a total of ninety‐four—and for special and current use the excellent International Military Digest, issued monthly from New York, which reviews the current literature on military matters. British librarians, however, are most interested in The Athenæum Index to Periodicals, which is appearing under the regis of the Library Association in the form of class lists, which are eventually to be cumulated. It is a most valuable work, but it depends so largely on voluntary effort, and in spite of its merits its value is so little understood by all but advanced librarians, that we are apprehensive as to its continued existence. Bibliographers of the Great War, notably Lange and Berry, have proved of considerable service. For all these bibliographical tools, which mean much help, but also much ill‐paid labour on the part of compilers and publishers, librarians cannot be too grateful. And they cannot show that gratitude better than by supporting and using them systematically.

Sustainability is an accepted measure of business performance, with reductions in energy demand a commonly practised sustainability initiative by multinational corporations (MNCs). Traditional energy models have limited scope when applied to the entire MNC as the models exhibit high data and time intensity, high technical proficiency, specificity of application and omission of non-manufacturing activities. The purpose of this paper is to propose a process centric energy model (PCEM), which adopts a novel approach of applying business processes for business energy assessment and optimisation. Business processes are a fundamental requirement of MNCs across all sectors. The defining features of the proposed model are genericity, reproducibility, minimum user input data, reduced modelling time and energy evaluation of non-manufacturing activities. The approach forwards the adoption of Industry 4.0, a subset of which focuses on business process automation or part thereof.

A quantitative approach is applied in development of the PCEM. The methodology is demonstrated by application to the procure to pay and electroplating business processes.

The PCEM quantifies and optimises the business energy demand and associated carbon dioxide emissions of the procure to pay and electroplating business processes, validating the application of business processes. The application demonstrates minimum user inputs as only equipment operational parameters are required and minimum modelling time as business process models and optimisation options are pre-defined requiring only user modification. As MNCs have common business processes across multiple sites, once a business process energy demand is quantified, its inputs are applied as the default in the proceeding sites, only requiring updating. The model has no specialist skills requirement enabling business wide use and eliminating costs associated with training and expert’s services. The business processes applied in the evaluation are developed by the researchers and are not as comprehensive as those in actual MNCs, but is sufficiently detailed to accurately calculate an MNC energy demand. The model databases are not exhaustive of all resources found in MNCs.

This paper provides a new approach to MNC business energy assessment and optimisation. The model can be applied to MNEs across all sectors. The model allows the integration of manufacturing and non-manufacturing activities, as it occurs in practice, providing holistic business energy assessment and optimisation. The model analyses the impacts of the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies on business energy demand, CO₂ emission and personnel hours.

Art is a complex, multiform, fluid human activity that is subjugated to time-space-place contexts and dependent upon social representation and values. But what is it for? This introduction to the book Art in Diverse Social settings begins with a general characterization of Art as universal language. Unlike verbal language, art is primarily processed in the sensorial and emotional fields and only later rationally; unlike science, it does not aim at explaining or predicting the laws of the world's phenomena, instead it communicates by showing (in essence, it has an expressive meaning). In today's world, art became an accessible good and a valuable human creation because of this reappraisal of artistic practices; art is today expressive in domains such as politics, citizenship, economy, ethics, sustainability or public affairs.

The introduction to this edited book explains why it is focused on the role of art in today's diverse society. Art is part of the worldviews and mindsets from which it results and as a complex and ambiguous product of culture and perception, it must be understood from multiple perspectives. As such, this book includes in the first part seminal chapters with a theoretical scope, which highlight conceptual, contextual and cultural issues of contemporary art. The chapters in the second and third parts of the book are exemplary case studies, describing concrete intervention projects, which use some form of art or composed artistic expression as a medium for communication and intervention in the contexts of social and professional organizations, public spaces or the community. A summary of each chapter is provided and linked to the main goal of the book.

In the United Kingdom, for historical reasons, it is the Engineering Insurance Companies which carry out the examinations of steam boilers and steam vessels required under the factory legislation. Although the legislation requires only the inspection of completed steam plant during operation the companies also carry out inspections during construction in manufacturers' works so that they get a comprehensive knowledge of difficulties which occur over a wide range of plant.

This paper aims to broaden the conversation regarding STEAM by investigating the new form of education. The novelty of science, technology, engineering, art and mathematics (STEAM) instruction in K-12 classrooms means few cases of STEAM teaching are documented in depth.

As part of a larger multi-year study researching STEAM teaching practices in 14 middle school classrooms in the southeastern USA, the article first summarizes prior research findings and then presents ideas for higher education and K-12 researchers to consider when incorporating STEAM teaching in pre-service education, professional development and in classrooms. Then, the authors use a second-order narrative approach to describe three cases of teachers enacting STEAM practices in classrooms.

Drawing on the notion of “remixing” education in the context of STEAM, the authors show how each teacher alters existing practices, instead of offering entirely new instruction, as they implement STEAM teaching.

With few cases of STEAM teaching detailed in the depth, this paper advances the understanding of STEAM teaching practices in K-12 classrooms.

Certain researchers have expressed concerns about inequitable discipline representations in an integrated STEM/STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics) unit that may limit what students gain in terms of depth of knowledge and understanding. To address this concern, the authors investigate the stages of integrated teaching units to explore the ways in which STEAM programs can provide students with a deeper learning experience in mathematics. This paper addresses the following question: what learning stages promote a deeper understanding and more meaningful learning experience of mathematics in the context of STEAM education?

The authors carried out a qualitative case study and collected the following data: interviews, lesson observations and analyses of curriculum documents. The authors took a sample of four different STEAM programs in Ontario, Canada: two at nonprofit organizations and two at in-school research sites.

The findings contribute to a curriculum and instructional model which ensures that mathematics curriculum expectations are more explicit and targeted, in both the learning expectations and assessment criteria, and essential to the STEAM learning tasks. The findings have implications for planning and teaching STEAM programs.

The authors derived four stages of the STEAM Maker unit or lesson from the analysis of data collected from the four sites, which the authors present in this paper. These four stages offer a model for a more robust integrated curriculum focusing on a deeper understanding of mathematics curriculum content.

The purpose of this paper is to provide some references for teachers who use KidsProgram or other graphic programming tools platform for STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics) education at distance by game-based teaching. From the design of the STEAM class, teachers can know how to stimulate students’ interest in programming and cultivating their ability to innovate and solve practical problems more clearly with KidsProgram.

This paper will explain the teaching design from ten aspects and implement it in real class to see the result. The ten aspects are situations creation, knowledge popularization, raising problems, analyzing problems, concepts introduction, interface design, logic design, self-evaluation and mutual evaluation, teacher comments and extension and innovation. With the KidsProgram platform, this paper takes “The Missile Convey,” a sub-course of “Discovery Universe” as an example. Through the situation created by the teacher, students brainstorm the dangers that the earth may encounter in the universe and then learn relevant scientific knowledge. Next, students raise and analyze problems according to the situation under the guidance of the teacher. Through the interaction with teachers, students review the programming concepts and the usage of corresponding coding blocks needed for the project, like “random number.” They need to carry out interface design and logic design for the project, and complete the project. After that, the students use the self-evaluation form and the mutual evaluation form to modify and then show and share the projects to the in front of the class. After self-evaluation and peer evaluation, the teacher will make a final summary evaluation and make some suggestions for improvement. From the students’ programming productions and the interviews with them, the teaching result can be known.

With elaborate teaching design and appropriate teaching strategies, students can flexibly use multi-disciplinary knowledge of science, technology, engineering, art and mathematics to solve problems in the process of creation, which is conducive to the cultivation and improvement of students’ comprehensive quality on KidsProgram classroom, under the guidance of STEAM education. In other words, in this class, students need to use engineering thinking to plan the whole project based on the understanding of scientific principles, design interfaces with artistic ideas, use mathematical knowledge for logical operations, and gradually solve technical problems with the above knowledge or methods in a comprehensive way.

The KidsProgram is a leading graphical programming tool platform in China in recent years. It deeply reconstructs the concept of Scratch designed by MIT. Graphic programming, a method of programming by dragging and dropping blocks containing natural languages, is different from traditional code programming. In this paper, the visualized cases in the class will be demonstrated in the “interface design” and “logic design.” This paper designs a course in STEAM education at distance via KidsProgram, hoping to provide some reference for other research on teaching of graphical programming tools.

The assembly sequence in the product assembly process has effect on the final product quality. To solve the assembly sequence optimization problem, such as rotor blade assembly sequence optimization, this paper proposes a small world networks-based genetic algorithm (SWN_GA) to solve the assembly sequence optimization problem. The proposed approach SWN_GA consists of a combination between the standard Genetic Algorithm and the NW Small World Networks.

The selection operation and the crossover operation are improved in this paper. The selection operation remains the elite individuals that have greater fitness than average fitness and reselects the individuals that have smaller fitness than average fitness. The crossover operation combines the NW Small World Networks to select the crossover individuals and calculate the crossover probability.

In this paper, SWN_GA is used to optimize the assembly sequence of steam turbine rotor blades, and the SWN_GA was compared with standard GA and PSO algorithm in a simulation experiment. The simulation results show that SWN_GA cannot only find a better assembly sequence which have lower rotor imbalance, but also has a faster convergence rate.

Finally, an experiment about the assembly of a steam turbine rotor is conducted, and SWN_GA is applied to optimize the blades assembly sequence. The feasibility and effectiveness of SWN_GA are verified through the experimental result.