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In this paper, an attempt is made to obtain buckling loads, ultimate bearing capacity and other required structural characteristics of grid structure panels. The numerical method for post-buckling behavior analysis of panels involving multiple invisible damages is also presented.

In this paper, two bidirectional stiffened composite panels are manufactured and tested. Multiple discrete invisible damages are introduced in different positions of the stringers, and the experimental and simulation investigation of buckling and post-buckling were carried out on the damaged stiffened panels.

The simulation load–displacement curves are compared with the experimental results, and it is found that the simulation model can well predict the occurrence of buckling and failure loads. The strain curve shows that the rate of strain change at the damaged site is greater than that at the undamaged site, which reflects that the debond is more likely occurred at the damaged site. The simulation verifies that the panel is usually crushed due to matrix compression and fiber–matrix shear.

In this paper, post-buckling tests and numerical simulations of bidirectional stiffened composite panels with impact damage were carried out. Two panels with four longitudinal stringers and two transverse stringers were manufactured and tested. The buckling and post-buckling characteristics of the grid structure are obtained, and the failure mechanism of the structure is explained. This is helpful for the design of wall panel structure.

Wayfinding efficiency is an extremely influential factor to improve users' library interior experience. However, few research has studied the different functions of various wayfinding signages for university library users through mobile visual experiment. To fill this gap, the purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between university library signage system design and patrons' wayfinding behavior features.

In this article, an eye movement tracking method was introduced to record eye movement data during the wayfinding process of participants in the library interior, targeting the cognition and psychology of library users in the wayfinding signage system. The visual guiding usability of landmarks, informational signages and directional signages were quantitatively tested, and the fixation on the signage system between orientation strategy users and route strategy users was compared. This study also investigated the effects of library users' spatial anxiety and environmental familiarity on their fixation on the area of interest of the wayfinding signage system using the differential test and regression.

This paper observed that informational signage had the best visual navigating competence. The difference of fixation duration and searching duration between patrons used various wayfinding strategies was significant. The informational signage was most attended by the route strategy users, and the orientation strategy users rarely focused on the directional signage. And participants with high anxiety tended to ignore the visually auxiliary function of the landmarks but paid attention to the directional signage. The participants with low anxiety could capture the landmarks that could not be easily found by the route strategy users. And participants less familiar with the environment were more sensitive to the landmarks. Furthermore, this paper offers optimization measures for university library wayfinding signage system, from the perspectives of informational signage understandability improvement, directional signage physical specification design and wayfinding assistant system with automatic landmark technology.

This article adds to the relatively sparse literature on university library user wayfinding experimental study in China. The experimental findings of this paper also have important practical implications for academic libraries' wayfinding system evaluation. The whole process could be seen as a repeatable and standard framework and methodology to inspect university library's wayfinding signage system usability and user wayfinding behavior performance.