Impact of cutting fluid on hybrid manufacturing of AISI H13 tool steel
ISSN: 1355-2546
Article publication date: 15 December 2021
Issue publication date: 5 May 2022
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to analyse the effects derived from the presence of residual coolant from machining operations on the Directed Energy Deposition of AISI H13 tool steel and the quality of the resulting part.
Design/methodology/approach
In the present paper, the effectiveness of various cleaning techniques, including laser vaporising and air blasting, applied to different water/oil concentrations are studied. For this purpose, single-layer and multi-layer depositions are performed. Besides, the influence of the powder adhered to the coolant residues remaining on the surface of the workpiece is analysed. In all cases, cross-sections are studied in-depth, including metallographic, microhardness, scanning electron microscopy and crack mechanism analyses.
Findings
The results show that, although no significant differences were found for low oil concentrations when remarkably high oil concentrations were used the deposited material cracked, regardless of the cleaning technique applied. The crack initiation and propagation mechanisms have been analysed, concluding that the presence of oil leads to hydrogen induced cracking.
Originality/value
High oil concentration residues from previous machining operations in hybrid manufacturing led to hydrogen induced cracking when working with AISI H13 tool steel. The results obtained will help in defining future hybrid manufacturing processes that combine additive and subtractive operations.
Keywords
Acknowledgements
This research was funded by Basque Government under the ELKARTEK Program, QUALYFAM project, grant number KK-2020/00042 and Spanish Ministry of Industry and Competitiveness under the PID2019-109220RB-I00 ALASURF project. The authors would like to thank for the technical and human support provided by the Electronic Microscopy and Material Microanalysis laboratory of SGIker (UPV/EHU) and European funding (ERDF, EU).
Citation
Cortina, M., Arrizubieta, J.I., Lamikiz, A. and Ukar, E. (2022), "Impact of cutting fluid on hybrid manufacturing of AISI H13 tool steel", Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 28 No. 5, pp. 933-944. https://doi.org/10.1108/RPJ-04-2021-0073
Publisher
:Emerald Publishing Limited
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