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Expert briefing
Publication date: 19 April 2018

Indian policy on Afghanistan.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 18 August 2022

Interest in the 'Middle Corridor' was revived after Russia invaded Ukraine and expanding Western sanctions raised the commercial risk for carriers. Despite enthusiasm among…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 20 April 2015

The network of new land routes to link East Asia and Europe was first raised by President Xi Jinping on a 2013 visit to Kazakhstan, through which the more critical central…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 7 June 2023

Iran perceives that it has become isolated in the South Caucasus, as a result of changing geopolitical relations over the past three years. Israel has increased its presence…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 2 July 2018

Revived plans to transit Russian gas through Bulgaria into Europe and build a nuclear plant at Belene.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 15 October 2021

The ministers agreed that hostile rhetoric on both sides was unhelpful and that dialogue was essential. The phone call is an attempt to salvage a relationship that has gone badly…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 29 September 2023

The changing regional dynamic as Azerbaijan has gained control of Nagorno-Karabakh from Armenia, a traditional Iranian ally, creates a dilemma for Tehran. Iran fears that Turkey…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 27 January 2017

The Russia-Azerbaijan-Iran railway.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 1 June 2017

Russia's rail and road infrastructure.

Expert briefing
Publication date: 27 June 2023

Tbilisi has authorised flights by two smaller Russian airlines, exacerbating fears of the potential for sanctions evasion. That follows the easing of Russia’s visa regime for…

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