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1 – 10 of 15Energy ties, already deep, have expanded since 2022 as part of a broader reorientation of Russian commerce away from the West. The similarly authoritarian leadership styles of…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB286445
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Still, the narcotics trade provides a lucrative alternative revenue stream for government-aligned actors in Syria. These external pressures are therefore instead likely to prompt…
Since 2021, Turkey has been working to improve relations with former regional rivals such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Egypt and Israel. It sees the outreach…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB281425
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Syria has been Russia's central 'project' in the Middle East for more than a decade, but Moscow uses diplomatic and trade connections with many other regional states to sidestep…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB276556
ISSN: 2633-304X
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They have backed opposing sides in the Syrian and Libyan conflicts and pursued different objectives there and in Nagorno-Karabakh, in the hope that conflict trends would benefit…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB258615
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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This was the culmination of months of backchannel talks between two of the Middle East’s bitterest rivals. It is intended to help reduce bilateral tensions and facilitate further…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB263706
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Both have refused to reconcile fully with the internationally-recognised national government in Tripoli, the Government of National Accord (GNA), led by Prime Minister Fayez…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB242983
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The move reflects Turkey's failure to contain advances by the Moscow-backed Damascus government. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has engaged in multiple military adventures in the…
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB257329
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
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Prospects for the Gulf of Aden and Red Sea in 2018-22.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB226243
ISSN: 2633-304X
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The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has in recent years sharply increased its military and commercial involvement in the Red Sea and Horn of Africa. It provides equipment, training and…