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The expected benefits of newly developed transportation infrastructures are the saving of travel time and further promoted transport economics. There is a need for a methodology of travel time estimation with acceptable robustness and practicability. Macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) represents the overall traffic performance at a network level by linking average flow, speed and density. MFD can be used to estimate network state and to describe various traffic management strategies. This study aims to describe the effect of new infrastructure development on the network performance using the MFD framework.

The scenarios of Islamabad Road network before and after the infrastructure construction were simulated, in which the floating car data set (FCD) for multiple modes was extracted. MFD has been formed for the whole region and partitioned region, which was divided on the basis of infrastructural changes. Moreover, this study has been extended to calculate travel time for multiple modes using the MFD results and the Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) function at a neighborhood level.

MFD results for the whole network showed that the speed of traffic improves after the construction of new infrastructure. The travel time estimates using MFD results were dependent on the speed estimates, whereas the estimates obtained using the BPR function were found to be dependent on the traffic volume variation during different intervals of the day. By using the FCD for multiple modes, travel time estimates for multiple modes were obtained. The BPR function method was found valid for estimating travel time of traffic stream only.

This paper innovatively investigates the change in network performance for pre-construction and post-construction scenarios using the MFD framework. In practice, the approach presented can be used by transportation agencies to evaluate the effect of different traffic management strategies and infrastructural changes.

The purpose of this study is to address the extended travel time caused by dwelling time at stations for passengers on traditional rail transit lines. To mitigate this issue, the authors propose the “Non-stop” design, which involves trains comprised of modular vehicles that can couple and uncouple from each other during operation, thereby eliminating dwelling time at stations..

The main contributions of this paper are threefold: first, to introduce the concept of non-stop rail transit lines, which, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, has not been researched in the literature; second, to develop a framework for the operation schedule of such a line; and third, the author evaluate the potential of its implementation in terms of total passenger travel time.

The total travel time was reduced by 6% to 32.91%. The results show that the savings were more significant for long commutes and low train occupancy rates.

The non-stop system can improve existing lines without the need for the construction of additional facilities, but it requires technological advances for rolling stock.

To eliminate dwelling time at stations, the authors present the “Non-stop” design, which is based on trains composed of locomotives that couple and uncouple from each other during operation, which to the best of the authors’ knowledge has not been researched in the literature.

A boom in e-commerce in Korea has sparked off high daily-volume demand for small-sized home delivery services, which poses a great challenge to distribution networks, especially in urban areas where traffic congestion, accessibility, and pollution are serious problems. In addition, security issues for people who live in small townhouses and detached houses without security systems and guards have received increasing attention from the government and society. Thus, the introduction of a new alternative for home delivery services, unmanned parcel lockers, is urgent for residents living in these areas. This paper examines and compares potential socio-economic impacts in terms of costs and benefits when such lockers are installed at selected locations in residential areas. The results show that this policy is worthy of adoption, with several undeniable benefits to local communities. In addition, sensitivity analyses estimate the economic performance of this project at different social discount rates, and they check the sensitivity of economic performance based on variations in the variables. The value of travel time savings was identified as a critical and dominating factor directly affecting economic performance.

Digitalization had a relevant impact on the cultural tourism sector, both demand and supply. If, on the one hand, advances in digital technologies provided tourists with new mobile services able to amplify the cultural experience, on the other hand, they catalyzed the development of new business models by digital enterprises. This paper has a twofold purpose: to detect business models and key characteristics of mobile apps for cultural tourism and to analyze the offering of app-based services in this sector.

The authors defined a methodology to identify, characterize and analyze a particular category of digital products for cultural tourism: app-based services. They are studied in terms of value creation, proposition and capture with the aim to identify the distinctive features of business models. As a result, the authors identified a classification framework on three main dimensions, namely “how to exploit mobile app features to create value for cultural tourists” (value creation), “which valuable services are delivered to cultural tourists” (value proposition) and “how companies are rewarded for the value they offered” (value capture). The authors apply the framework to perform a situation analysis of app-based services in the cultural tourism market.

The analysis highlights that digital enterprises offering app-based services do not fully exploit advances in technologies about users' value requirements. Hence, the results of our work suggest some directions that digital enterprises may follow to better exploit mobile app technology.

To date, little research has been devoted to investigating cultural tourism business models involving the exploitation of mobile app-based services. This research provides a useful framework to analyze fundamental aspects of business models in this sector. Such a framework represents a practical tool that provides fruitful insights for the design of a new generation of app-based services within the so-called “Internet of things” domain.

Food delivery applications (FDAs) are becoming more and more well-liked across Generations X, Y and Z, with Asia experiencing the biggest growth. These three generations of consumers have distinct views toward using FDAs because they were influenced by various social environments, cultures and experiences. Therefore, marketers ought to present customers with various values. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the theory of consumption values (TCV) affects the intention of various generational cohorts to continued usage intentions.

Online surveys were distributed to 745 Thai customers who had previously ordered meals from FDAs to collect information. The data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis.

Results reveal that there are significant differences among Generations X, Y and Z, while emotional value is insignificant. Generation X is concerned about functional and conditional value, whereas Generation Y expresses the highest concern on epistemic and social value. Meanwhile, Generation Z pays attention to epistemic, functional and social value.

The novelty of this study contributes to TCV affecting the different FDAs consumption value among Generations X, Y and Z, while the previous research only focused on gender and age difference, and this study firstly combines FDAs with TCV to predict the consumers’ intention to continuously use FDAs in the post-COVID-19 outbreak.

During rush hours, many passengers find it difficult to board the first train due to the insufficient capacity of metro vehicles, namely, left behind phenomenon. In this paper, a data-driven approach is presented to estimate left-behind patterns using automatic fare collection (AFC) data and train timetable data.

First, a data preprocessing method is introduced to obtain the waiting time of passengers at the target station. Second, a hierarchical Bayesian (HB) model is proposed to describe the left behind phenomenon, in which the waiting time is expressed as a Gaussian mixture model. Then a sampling algorithm based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is developed to estimate the parameters in the model. Third, a case of Beijing metro system is taken as an application of the proposed method.

The comparison result shows that the proposed method performs better in estimating left behind patterns than the existing Maximum Likelihood Estimation. Finally, three main reasons for left behind phenomenon are summarized to make relevant strategies for metro managers.

First, an HB model is constructed to describe the left behind phenomenon in a target station and in the target direction on the basis of AFC data and train timetable data. Second, a MCMC-based sampling method Metropolis–Hasting algorithm is proposed to estimate the model parameters and obtain the quantitative results of left behind patterns. Third, a case of Beijing metro is presented as an application to test the applicability and accuracy of the proposed method.

This research paper aims to investigate the effects of gradual deployment of market penetration rates (MPR) of connected vehicles (MPR of CVs) on delay time and fuel consumption.

A real-world origin-destination demand matrix survey was conducted in Boston, MA to identify the number of peak hour passing vehicles in the case study.

The results showed that as the number of CVs (MPR) in the network increases, the total delay time decreases by an average of 14% and the fuel consumption decreases by an average of 56%, respectively, from scenarios 3 to 15 compared to scenario 2.

The first limitation of this study was considering a small network. The considered network shows a small part of the case study.

This study can be a milestone for future research regarding gradual deployment of CVs’ effects on transport networks. Efficient policy(s) may define based on the results of this network for Brockton transport network.

While teleworking has become widespread during COVID-19, there is still little understanding of teleworking preferences. This study aims to explore how teleworking during the pandemic influences employees’ preference for teleworking in the future.

This study used secondary survey data collected by the centro de investigaciones sociológicas (CIS) in Spain, from a sample of 430 individuals. The study used regression analysis to test how effort expectancy and perceived usefulness impact preference for teleworking through satisfaction with teleworking.

Results showed the importance of satisfaction with teleworking in explaining preference for teleworking. Moreover, satisfaction with teleworking was influenced by both effort expectancy and perceived usefulness. Specifically, individuals who perceived teleworking as useful and were more satisfied were also more likely to prefer teleworking after the pandemic, whereas individuals were less likely to prefer teleworking if it required more effort.

This study makes a significant contribution to the current literature by providing a new perspective on the topic of teleworking. This study focuses on exploring teleworking preferences during the pandemic from a post-adoption approach.

El teletrabajo ha sido prevalente durante la pandemia de COVID-19, pero poco se sabe todavía sobre la preferencia de los empleados por el teletrabajo en este contexto. Este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar cómo el teletrabajo durante la pandemia influye en la preferencia de los empleados por el teletrabajo en el futuro.

Este estudio utilizó datos secundarios recopilados por el CIS en España. La muestra fue de 430 individuos. El análisis de regresión se aplicó para analizar la influencia de la expectativa de esfuerzo y la utilidad percibida en la preferencia por el teletrabajo a través de la satisfacción con el teletrabajo.

Los resultados mostraron la importancia de la satisfacción para explicar la preferencia por el teletrabajo. Además, la satisfacción con el teletrabajo fue influenciada tanto por la expectativa de esfuerzo como por la utilidad percibida. Específicamente, aquellos individuos que percibieron el teletrabajo como útil y estaban más satisfechos también eran más propensos a preferir el teletrabajo, mientras que los individuos eran menos propensos a preferirlo cuando suponía un mayor esfuerzo.

Este estudio hace una contribución significativa a la literatura actual al proporcionar una nueva perspectiva sobre el teletrabajo. Este estudio se centra en explorar la preferencia por el teletrabajo durante la pandemia desde un enfoque post-adopción.

O teletrabalho tem sido prevalente durante a pandemia de COVID-19, mas ainda se sabe pouco sobre a preferência dos funcionários pelo teletrabalho neste contexto. Este estudo pretende explorar como o teletrabalho durante a pandemia influencia a preferência dos trabalhadores pelo teletrabalho no futuro.

Este estudo utilizou dados secundários coletados pelo CIS na Espanha. A amostra foi de 430 indivíduos. A análise de regressão foi aplicada para analisar a influência da expectativa de esforço e da utilidade percebida na preferência pelo teletrabalho através da satisfação com o teletrabalho.

Os resultados mostraram a importância da satisfação para explicar a preferência pelo teletrabalho. Além disso, a satisfação com o teletrabalho foi influenciada tanto pela expectativa de esforço como pela utilidade percebida. Especificamente, os indivíduos que perceberam o teletrabalho como útil e estavam mais satisfeitos eram também mais propensos a preferir o teletrabalho, enquanto que os indivíduos eram menos propensos a preferi-lo quando isso implicava um maior esforço.

Este estudo traz uma contribuição significativa para a literatura atual, fornecendo uma nova perspectiva sobre o teletrabalho. Este estudo se concentra nos fatores que impulsionam a intenção de uso contínuo, explorando a preferência das pessoas pelo teletrabalho durante a pandemia a partir de uma abordagem pós-adoção.

The purpose of the paper is to investigate managers' experiences of managing work environment and risks during the Covid-19 pandemic and to explore how managers might use these experiences to develop future risk management.

Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 18 Swedish managers at different hierarchical levels working in 11 different organizations. A directed content analysis was carried out, informed by theory on risk management.

The results point to the pandemic as a societal crisis which workplaces needed to manage through large means of improvisation. Regular work environment routines were put to the test, and several deficiencies in the work environment and risk management were identified. Organizations that handle occupational safety and risks on a daily basis through established routines were less affected and could easier adjust work environment and risk management, compared to organizations prioritizing the social and organizational work environment, which had to re-prioritize and start paying more attention to the physical work environment and to bring risk management into their daily routines.

The study offers an account of how managers in different labor market sectors in Sweden have acted in the midst of the pandemic by handling real-time crises, how these experiences can be used for engaging in retrospective learning and how this may imply changes to their prospective risk management.