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This paper introduces two types of textile magnetic elements: mechanical-magnetic and circuital. Textile magnetic cores consist of elementary monofilament magnetic fibres. Textile magnetic coils which are composed of a textile carcass, winding (electro-conductive yarn or wire) and magnetic fibres are presented. Textile magnetic elements are mainly textile cores which are the basic elements of textile electromagnetic devices such as sensors, actuators and transformers. Textile sensors are used to measure human physiological parameters such as breathing rhythm and pulse.

One of the most interesting applications of magnetic non-wovens is magnetic shielding. I present macroscopic magneto-mechanical and magnetic models circuital which will possibly be the basis for future mathematical description and simulation procedures of magnetic fibres and textile magnetic cores. The analysis results of transversal and longitudinal magnetic fibres are also presented. The mathematical problem of designing textile magnetic cores with the interlacement of the magnetic fibres is described. A block diagram for simulation models created by the Matlab-Simulink program is presented.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the idea of designing and manufacturing intelligent clothes with magnetic fibres. The main goal of the research is to create the universal generator of computer structural models for whole bundles of magnetic microfibres.

The paper presents the algorithm of magnetic microfibers computer modelling. It covers both finite element method (FEM) and reluctance network method. This paper deals with creating 3D computer structural models of magnetic microfibres, which could be introduced as the textile magnetic sensors or actuators. Because of very complicated 3D microfibres structure, it is hoped that the quickest possible method can be found to solve the problem.

The results focus on the methodology presented in the paper which can be implemented in building 3D equivalent B/H curve of the microfibers set by using the field method – combining reluctance network method and FEM. Defining the proper magnetic B/H curves of magnetic fibres will enable the production of smart and resistant clothes.

First, the paper presents the original idea of modelling magnetic microfibres by use of the reluctance network method. So far, there are only measurements characteristics of B/H curve of magnetic microfibres. The paper proposes an innovatory way of determining magnetic microfibres parameters. This universal computer models allows for evaluation of a limiting value of magnetization (magnetic permeability, etc.).

This paper is based on the simulation of wind tunnel experiment for better understanding and predicting the behavior of PET fabric in the wind tunnel. This software calculates the drag force of fabric, illustrates pressure in the surrounding of airfoil and velocity of wind in the tunnel during different angles of attack (0°, 45° and 90°). The paper aims to discuss these issues.

The sol-gel method was applied for the synthesis of silica nano particles. So, PET fabric was coated with precursor (Tetra ethyl ortho silicate) solution first and the process continued on PET fabric. The morphology of obtained hydrophobic fabric samples and their surface roughness was observed and determined by atomic microscopes (AFM and SEM). Experimental data were used for simulation and modeling, and then results were interpreted.

It was concluded that the surface roughness and its amount can play a significant role in the drag reduction of PET fabric, and surface roughness can change the boundary layer from laminar to turbulent.

At 45 degrees angle of attack, larger boundary layer separation results in a large increase in the drag force. This model is useful for predicting flow behavior in the experimental wind tunnel.

This paper aims to prove the expediency and effectiveness of magnetic textiles use obtained by adding nanopowder synthesized on the basis of oxides of divalent and trivalent iron oxides, taking into account bacteriostatic, magnetotherapeutic and compressive properties.

The research includes methods of synthesis of nanoelements of bivalent and trivalent iron, methods of the theory of elasticity for determining the pressure between compression clothing and a limb, methods of creating an annular magnetic field with determination of its voltage, methods of determining the growth dynamics of mold bacteria and methods of approximation of experimental data.

On the base of the determination of the forces arising from the interaction of magnetic nanotextiles with a magnetic field, the expediency of using these materials in the creation of compression clothing has been proven. An additional medical value of magnetic textiles is the bacteriostatic effect. The content of magnetic nanoelements in the textile composition of 0.2% almost completely suppresses mold infections

Cotton samples with the addition of nanocomponents based on ferric and ferric oxides were studied.

Magnetotextile materials can be used in magnetotherapy, compression clothing, in textile products that provide bacteriostatic properties.

The use of magnetic textile materials is a perspective direction for the creation of medical textile products with complex properties.

The purpose of this paper is to describe research into the problem of creating computer structural models of magnetic microfibres. The main goal of the research is to create the universal generator of computer structural models for whole bundles of magnetic microfibres.

The paper presents the algorithm of magnetic microfibres computer modelling. It covers both finite element method (FEM) and reluctance network method. Because microfibres with ferromagnetic grains have very complicated 3D structure, the quickest possible method was chosen.

The results focus on the methodology presented in the paper which can be implemented in building 3D equivalent B/H curve of the microfibres set by use of field method – combining reluctance network method and FEM. Defining the proper magnetic B/H curves of magnetic fibres will enable the production of smart and resistant clothes.

To date there are only measurements characteristics of B/H curve of magnetic microfibres. This paper proposes an innovatory way of determining magnetic microfibres parameters. This universal computer model allows the evaluation of the limiting value of magnetization (magnetic permeability, etc.).

Examines the fourteenth published year of the ITCRR. Runs the whole gamut of textile innovation, research and testing, some of which investigates hitherto untouched aspects. Subjects discussed include cotton fabric processing, asbestos substitutes, textile adjuncts to cardiovascular surgery, wet textile processes, hand evaluation, nanotechnology, thermoplastic composites, robotic ironing, protective clothing (agricultural and industrial), ecological aspects of fibre properties – to name but a few! There would appear to be no limit to the future potential for textile applications.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the thermal, hydraulic and entropy generation characteristics for the magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) pressure-driven flow of Al₂O₃-water nanofluid through an asymmetric wavy channel.

Galerkin finite element method is used to solve the governing transport equations numerically within the computational domain using the appropriate boundary conditions. The temperature and flow fields are computed by varying Reynolds number (Re), Hartmann number (Ha) and nano-particle volume fraction (ϕ) in the following range: 10 ≤ Re ≤ 500, 0 ≤ Ha ≤ 75 and 0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 5%.

The formation of the recirculation zones in the wavy passages, the size of it and the strength of the vortices formed can be modulated by the application of the magnetic field. The overall heat transfer rate increases with Ha for all ϕ both for a lower and higher regime of Re although the enhancement is more for lower values of Re and nanofluids as compared to base fluid and for intermediate values of Re, the effect of a magnetic field is almost insignificant. The magnetic performance factor (PF_magnetic) decreases with Ha although the rate of decrement varies with Re. The increase ϕ also enhances PF_magnetic especially at lower and higher values of Re. The addition of nano-particle enhances the entropy generation at lower values of the Re, while the opposite effect is seen for higher values of Re.

The present study has enormous practical relevance for the design of heat exchanger applied for solar collectors, process plants, textile and aerospace applications.

The combined effects on the heat transfer rate and the associated pressure drop penalty due to the applied magnetic field for the flow of nanofluid through an asymmetric wavy channel have not been reported to date. The effect of the magnetic field on the formation of recirculation zones and hot spot intensity in the asymmetric wavy channel has been examined in detail. The PF_magnetic is investigated first time for the MHD nanofluid flow through a wavy channel.

Examines the fifthteenth published year of the ITCRR. Runs the whole gamut of textile innovation, research and testing, some of which investigates hitherto untouched aspects. Subjects discussed include cotton fabric processing, asbestos substitutes, textile adjuncts to cardiovascular surgery, wet textile processes, hand evaluation, nanotechnology, thermoplastic composites, robotic ironing, protective clothing (agricultural and industrial), ecological aspects of fibre properties – to name but a few! There would appear to be no limit to the future potential for textile applications.

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) respond with a change in their shape against a specific stimulus by memorizing their original shape and are reformed after deformation most often by changing the temperature of the surrounding without additional mechanical efforts. In the coming years, these polymers indeed will be in limelight to manufacture textile materials which will retain their shape even after prolonged use under disturbed conditions. This study aims at defining shape memory materials and polymers as well as their technological characteristics and also highlights application in various fields of textiles.

The methodology used to explain these SMPs have been carried out starting with the discussion on their properties, their physical nature, types, viz., shape memory alloys (SMAs), shape memory ceramics, shape memory hybrid, magnetic shape memory alloy, shape memory composites, shape memory gels and SMP along with properties of each type. Other related details of these polymers, such as their advantages, structure and mechanism, shape memory functionality, thermally responsive SMPs and applications, have been detailed.

It has been observed that the SMPs are very important in the fields of wet and melt-spun fibers to offer novel and functional properties, cotton and wool fabric finishing, to produce SMP films, foams and laminated textiles, water vapor permeable and breathable SMP films, etc.

The field of SMPs is new, and very limited information is available to enable their smooth production and handling.

Water is a vital natural resource without which life on earth would be impossible. Properties of synthetic dyes like high stability and noxious nature make it difficult to remove them from the effluent. This review focuses on the removal of synthetic dyes using nanoparticles (NPs) based on the adsorption principle.

Adsorption technique is widely used to remove synthetic dyes from their aqueous solution for decades. Synthetic dye removal using NPs is promising, less energy-intensive and has become popular in recent years. NPs are in high demand for treating wastewater using the adsorption principle due to their tiny size and vast surface area. To maximise environmental sustainability, the utilisation of green-produced NPs as efficient catalysts for dye removal has sparked attention amongst scientists.

This review has prioritised research and development of optimal dye removal systems that can be used to efficiently remove a large quantity of dye in a short period while safeguarding the environment and producing fewer harmful by-products. The removal efficiency of synthetic dye using different NPs in wastewater treatment varies mostly between 75% to almost 100%. This review will aid in the scaling up of the wastewater treatment process.

There is a lack of research emphasis on the safe disposal of NPs once the reuse efficiency significantly drops. The relevance of cost analysis is equally critical, yet only a few papers discuss cost-related information.

Comprehensive and planned research in this area can aid in the development of long-term wastewater treatment technology to meet the growing need for safe and reliable water emphasising reuse and desorption efficiency of the NPs.