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Article
Publication date: 26 April 2022

Lee J. Zane

Intellectual Capital (IC) is essential to the success of new technology-based firms. A key component of IC is human capital. Human capital is shown to affect firm innovation…

Abstract

Purpose

Intellectual Capital (IC) is essential to the success of new technology-based firms. A key component of IC is human capital. Human capital is shown to affect firm innovation, growth, and survival positively. This paper investigates the signaling effect of technology-based start-ups’ initial stock of IC on obtaining skilled human capital.

Design/methodology/approach

The researcher employs signaling theory to analyze primary data concerning the firm’s initial stock of IC and subsequently hired human capital from founders of 236 technology-based new ventures in the USA Hypotheses are tested through a set of hierarchical linear regressions.

Findings

This study demonstrates that the firms’ IC, in the form of quantity of founders with doctorates and intellectual property, correlates with the quality (average education level) of subsequently hired technical and business human capital. In addition, the quantity of founders with doctorates is correlated with the quantity of subsequently hired technical human capital.

Originality/value

The paper collects retrospective data from founders of technology-based new ventures. While human capital is important for technology-based firms’ innovation and growth, little research has investigated potential connections between firms’ initial IC and subsequent hiring of top-level human capital. This paper investigates these connections explicitly.

Details

Journal of Intellectual Capital, vol. 24 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1469-1930

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 25 January 2021

Kumar Mukul and Gordhan K. Saini

The purpose of this paper is to explore the talent acquisition practices adopted by startups and understand how small entrepreneurs leverage social capital to address the talent…

1601

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the talent acquisition practices adopted by startups and understand how small entrepreneurs leverage social capital to address the talent acquisition challenges faced by them, and; identify some of the unique parameters adopted by startups in talent acquisition.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a multiple case study method to explore the talent acquisition practices in startups in India. The study included six case studies on startups in Hubli city of North Karnataka in India.

Findings

This paper finds that startups (especially in smaller cities) face challenges such as lower quality of talent pool, absence of a brand name, inability to provide competitive salary and other benefits as per industry standards and locational disadvantages in talent acquisition. Thus, entrepreneurs leverage their social capital for talent acquisition by handpicking talent on the basis of familiarity or credible networks and recommendations. Incubation centres provide institutionalized sources of social capital to help them attract good talent. This study finds that employee-culture fit and trust play important role in acquiring talent in startups.

Practical implications

The study has implications for startup entrepreneurs, recruitment service providers, incubation centres, trainers, policymakers, etc. The study provides useful insights to the startups with regard to their recruitment practices.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature in the domains of talent acquisition, startups and social capital by describing hiring challenges faced by startups and exploring the mechanisms used by them in overcoming such challenges.

Details

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, vol. 13 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2053-4604

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 12 April 2022

Clarissa Dourado Freire, Mário Sacomano Neto, Herick Fernando Moralles and Luiz Guilherme Rodrigues Antunes

This paper aims to analyze the influence of technology-based business incubators (TBIs) on the resources of technology startups in Brazil. The authors identify which resources are…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to analyze the influence of technology-based business incubators (TBIs) on the resources of technology startups in Brazil. The authors identify which resources are offered and explore the importance of resources for TBIs and startups. The theoretical background is based on the resource-based view, the resource dependency theory and total factor productivity.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is characterized by a descriptive approach. The method includes a multiple case study and a survey. For data collection, we conducted interviews with three managers from TBIs and distributed questionnaires to 30 startup founders. The content analysis supports the identification of the resources, while the quantitative approach explores the relationship between total factor productivity and resources.

Findings

Resources are the linkage between startups and TBIs, promoting the development and continuity of these organizations. Among the resources offered by TBIs, the most representative is physical resources, due to the early stage of startups. TBIs do not offer financial resources directly but facilitate access through networks with other actors.

Research limitations/implications

The research implications depict the importance of resources as a link between TBIs and startups. The results highlight how TBIs play an important role in promoting entrepreneurship and innovation in the context of emerging economies such as Brazil.

Originality/value

This article performs a multi-theoretical analysis, addressing the perspectives concerning resources. No previous study has used this combination of perspectives to analyze the relationship between TBIs and startups in Brazil, filling the gap about this subject in emerging economies.

Details

International Journal of Emerging Markets, vol. 18 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-8809

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 23 June 2022

Arturo Torres and Javier Jasso

This chapter aims to analyze the participation of entrepreneurship studies from the perspective of capabilities and technology-based startups in Latin America, which implies…

Abstract

This chapter aims to analyze the participation of entrepreneurship studies from the perspective of capabilities and technology-based startups in Latin America, which implies considering capabilities from a perspective of innovation, technology, knowledge, and learning. The chapter conducts a bibliometric review from which the characteristics of the Latin American presence in the analysis of startups and related issues are identified. The analysis shows that Latin America has had a small but growing presence at the world level, as is the case with the treatment of the startups in the international arena, and where the topics of innovation and capabilities have been little addressed. A scheme is proposed based on which entrepreneurial capabilities are considered as a way of understanding the creation and trajectory of startup companies. In the trajectory of the startup companies, these capabilities unfold and grow through processes of integration of complementary resources and learning processes, which result in the construction of new capabilities that feed the further growth of the company.

Article
Publication date: 5 January 2022

Terra Qoriawan and Indri Dwi Apriliyanti

Tech startup is the new hope for sustaining economic growth and job creation in a knowledge-based economy. However, research on the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) is always…

Abstract

Purpose

Tech startup is the new hope for sustaining economic growth and job creation in a knowledge-based economy. However, research on the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) is always constructed upon macro-level analysis and is still very limited to the developed economies. This study aims to tackle those issues by exploring the connections within an EE in an emerging economies context with a micro and meso-level social network approach to unravel the pattern of networks and interactions between each actor in the EE.

Design/methodology/approach

This research used multi-layered social network analysis, exploring actors in the ecosystem and their interactions. The authors conducted interviews with startups, support organizations and government agencies. The authors used Atlas.ti software to visualize the network structures.

Findings

The authors found that the content of interaction within the EE in the emerging economies differs greatly with EE in the developed economies and they produced distinctive characteristics as follows: lack of a dense network, resource scarcities and structural gaps and weak institutional policies.

Research limitations/implications

The research is based on a case study of tech-based EE in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Therefore, the authors encourage other researchers to investigate networks and connections in other EEs in emerging economies. This research contributes a conceptual framework to better understand the network of connections in an emerging-economies-based EE.

Practical implications

The research shows grants provision alone cannot contribute to the functioning of EE. The authors argue strategic networks which promote collaboration among actors can reduce holes and structural gaps, as well as resource scarcities in the ecosystem. In addition to that, strong institutional policies and effective policy integration are needed to create a successful EE.

Social implications

This research promotes the importance of networks, particularly networks between tech startups and strategic organizations to provide resources and support productive entrepreneurship in hopes of sustaining and accelerating tech startup growth within an EE.

Originality/value

The research proposes to add to the existing EE literature by shedding light on governance of EE, as well as exploring network of connection and interaction among actors within the ecosystem. As a result, the study addresses the need for a more micro or operational-level understanding of an EE. Recent calls for EEs literature have also focused on a certain actor’s dynamic function in the ecosystem. By focusing on the role of the government, the research added to the underdeveloped EE literature.

Details

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, vol. 15 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2053-4604

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 11 October 2021

Anderson Betti Frare, Ana Paula Capuano da Cruz, Carlos Eduardo Facin Lavarda and Chris Akroyd

This study aims to understand the relationship between the elements of a startup firms’ management control system (MCS) package, its entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm…

1015

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to understand the relationship between the elements of a startup firms’ management control system (MCS) package, its entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors collected survey data from a sample of 100 Brazilian startups who had exited technology-based parks and incubators. The authors used two data analysis techniques, namely, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA).

Findings

The findings show that cultural and planning controls were the only two MCS elements that were included in all high-performing startup firms’ MCS packages. The authors also found that EO has a positive influence on firm performance through the MCS package.

Research limitations/implications

The mixed-method approach allowed for a holistic view of the analyzed phenomenon. PLS-SEM analysis was applied to the symmetric relationships between the proposed relationships while fsQCA was used to analyze the asymmetric combinations between EO dimensions and MCS package elements, which promoted high firm performance.

Practical implications

The authors show how different combinations of MCS elements form a package, mediating EO, which can enable high performance.

Originality/value

Using fsQCA and PLS-SEM, the authors were able to better understand the important role that MCS package adoption has on a startups’ performance and provide new evidence regarding the interface between MCS and EO. This extends the understanding of the importance that cultural and planning controls have in an MCS package to support startup performance.

Details

Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, vol. 18 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1832-5912

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 6 August 2019

Brijesh Sivathanu and Rajasshrie Pillai

This paper aims to study is to empirically investigate the role of entrepreneurial orientation (EOR), entrepreneurial bricolage (EBR), technology orientation (TOR), sustainability…

1512

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to study is to empirically investigate the role of entrepreneurial orientation (EOR), entrepreneurial bricolage (EBR), technology orientation (TOR), sustainability orientation (SOR) and Trust (TUR) in the sustainable enterprise performance (SEP) of tech startups in India. It uses a framework grounded in the EBR theory, upper echelon theory and resource-based view theory.

Design/methodology/approach

A primary survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire amongst 285 sample respondents from 425 tech startups and the data were analyzed using the partial least squares-structural equation modeling technique.

Findings

The findings suggest that EOR and TOR significantly influence SEP. SOR and TUR do not significantly affect the SEP. EBR plays a significant mediating role between TOR and EOR and SEP in the context of Indian technology-based startups.

Research limitations/implications

This cross-sectional study has a geographic limitation as it was conducted in Mumbai, Bangalore and Pune and their suburbs. As this study was carried out in the context of tech startups in a developing country such as India, caution needs to be exercised while generalizing the findings of this study to other regions, countries and cultural contexts.

Practical implications

This study highlights the significance of TOR and EOR in the long-term SEP to the budding entrepreneurs who have strong EOR and deploy EBR strategy to start their new business ventures. It also infers that few of the reasons for the failure of tech startups are because of the lack of attention to TUR and SOR.

Originality/value

This study has a novel contribution as it empirically validates the role of multiple constructs such as EOR, TOR, TUR, SOR and EBR toward SEP in a resource-constrained startup environment in the context of a developing country such as India.

Details

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2053-4604

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 12 August 2021

Marcus Holgersson and Ove Granstrand

The role of patents for appropriating (capturing) value from innovation investments has for decades been of major interest to both practitioners and academics in innovation…

2614

Abstract

Purpose

The role of patents for appropriating (capturing) value from innovation investments has for decades been of major interest to both practitioners and academics in innovation management. Many studies have implicitly assumed that firms appropriate value through in-house creation and marketing of innovative products and services, and that the main function of patents is to protect the exclusive sales in product and service markets. We challenge this assumption in light of the variety of business models, strategies and markets now being available, including different organizational and market forms of open innovation.

Design/methodology/approach

A conceptual framework and typology of open innovation markets is developed, and the role of patents for appropriation is investigated in these markets among 172 Swedish technology-based firms.

Findings

The results show that the importance of patents has a skewed distribution with some firms rating patents very important and with a fat tail of firms rating patents less important. Most importantly, the results indicate that patents are enabling exchange and technology trade in various types of open innovation markets rather than only supporting vertically integrated business models. Thus patents were found to help rather than hinder the use of open innovation markets.

Originality/value

The paper makes two main contributions. First a theoretical reinterpretation of open innovation with a conceptualization of open innovation markets for appropriation of innovation values. Second an empirical illustration of new roles of patents for appropriating innovation values in these markets. The paper in addition illustrates the use of a counterfactual approach to questionnaire surveys, as well as the complementarities between patents and other means of appropriation.

Details

European Journal of Innovation Management, vol. 25 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1460-1060

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 4 February 2019

Maria Gabriela Miranda and Renata Borges

Technology-based incubators depend on high-level knowledge to constantly meet the demands of the market. Incubators offer a variety of specialized services to help startups

3072

Abstract

Purpose

Technology-based incubators depend on high-level knowledge to constantly meet the demands of the market. Incubators offer a variety of specialized services to help startups increase the chances of crossing the valley of death. These services include infrastructure, access to a professional network of mentors and an intensive support of a consultant team to help with managerial and legal challenges. Therefore, it is critical to incubators to develop both highly skilled teams of consultants and social environment that facilitates communication. The purpose of this paper is to understand how innovation-oriented social networks created within technology-based incubators are shaped.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected in five incubators participating connected to federal universities from the state of Minas Gerais. The network attributes collected in the survey were placed in a matrix form. The mapping and measurement of the relationships between individuals were developed using the Ucinet software. Ucinet enables the analysis of attributes (attitudes, behaviors and characteristics) characterized as relational (contacts, ties and relationships). The software also includes the Netdraw network visualization tool, which enables the creation of matrices and graphical network maps. The measurements of centrality, closeness and intermediation were analyzed to assess the intra-organizational social network.

Findings

The results indicate that although the flow of communication does not follow the formal hierarchy, the interaction between team members to spontaneously exchange ideas, information and experiences is rare. The workers are so concerned about their timely tasks, that they have few opportunities to exchange information and knowledge. The coordination is carried out by university professors, who also perform other tasks (e.g. teaching, research and administration activities) besides those related to the incubators. The results also suggest that in the technology-based incubators studied, besides dealing in an innovative environment, the distribution of tasks and responsibilities are still rigid and traditional.

Originality/value

By analyzing the degree of the relationship between team members, the proximity and the level of intermediation of co-workers, it is possible to see how the incubators workers interact, thereby identifying the flow of information. This study offers implications for theory and practice. To the theory, this study adds to the discussion of intra-organizational social network of technology-based companies in the Brazilian context. To practitioners, this research sheds light on the importance of the social network built within the organization to promote effective communication and knowledge sharing.

Details

Innovation & Management Review, vol. 16 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2515-8961

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 25 July 2019

Achsania Hendratmi, Muhamad Nafik Hadi Ryandono and Puji Sucia Sukmaningrum

This study aims to develop an Islamic crowdfunding model based on a website platform for startup companies.

1928

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to develop an Islamic crowdfunding model based on a website platform for startup companies.

Design/methodology/approach

Apart from reviewing related literature, specifically focus group discussion with 16 CEO of startup companies, in-depth interview with two crowdfunding provider, Fiqh expert and technology platform expert for the development of an Islamic crowdfunding website platform for startup companies.

Findings

The concept of Islamic crowdfunding is recommended as a funding solution for small and medium-sized enterprises and startup companies. Therefore, it was deemed crucial for this study to develop an Islamic crowdfunding model based on a website platform as a form of innovative acceleration to provide alternative funding for a startup company, which subsequently expands to a growing and sustainable business. Furthermore, the use of a website platform for the operation of a crowdfunding mechanism is deemed as an effective means to link cross-geographical investors with the startup company owners in Indonesia, specifically East Java.

Practical implications

Islamic crowdfunding website platform can be the solution for startup companies to obtain capital funds while startup companies are not able to provide collateral to attain financial assistance and experience problems. Expectedly, the government should provide legality, regulation, licensing and socialization matters pertaining to crowdfunding to obtain legal legality from the country.

Originality/value

There is still no research to develop the Islamic crowdfunding model using a website platform. This study was expected to provide essential insights on the effective development of an Islamic crowdfunding website platform integrated with startup companies, investors and Sharia committee.

Details

Journal of Islamic Marketing, vol. 11 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1759-0833

Keywords

1 – 10 of over 1000