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Book part
Publication date: 1 August 2019

Evgeniy G. Molchanov, Angelika K. Musaelyan, Ruslan G. Mikhaylenko and Elena N. Smertina

Purpose: The purpose of the chapter is to determine the dependence of the process of decision making in modern business systems on their organizational structure and to…

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the chapter is to determine the dependence of the process of decision making in modern business systems on their organizational structure and to substantiate the necessity for considering the requirements to the process of decision making during designing the organizational structure of a business system.

Methodology: A new simplified classification of the organizational structure of business systems according to the criterion of complexity is offered, and its two main types are distinguished – organizational structure of low complexity and organizational structure of high complexity.

Conclusions: According to the offered classification, dependence of the process of decision making in modern business systems on complexity of their business structure at each stage of making of managerial decisions is determined. As a result of analysis of statistical data, it is determined that business systems with organizational structure of low complexity dominate in Russia. By the example of modern Russian business systems with the organizational structure of high complexity – Sberbank, Lukoil, Gazprom, and Rosneft – it is shown that formation of the structure of this type and supporting its functioning requires resources and thus is inaccessible for most modern business systems. Moreover, the expected advantages, related to high probability of making of optimal managerial decisions, are not always gained in practice.

Originality/value: It is substantiated that the process of decision making in modern business systems largely depends on the complexity of their organizational structure. With increase of complexity of a business system, resource intensity of decision making and duration of this process increase, but the risk of nonoptimal decisions decreases. Organizational structure of low complexity is peculiar for business systems that have deficit of financial and human resources, which does not allow using the means of optimization and fully control the process of decision making. However, in this case, managerial decisions are made much quicker. In the conditions of modern market economy, it is necessary to make quick optimal decisions, which cannot be achieved within the organizational structure of either low or high complexity. Thus, it is necessary to find a way to make quick optimal managerial decisions beyond the design of organizational structure.

Details

Specifics of Decision Making in Modern Business Systems
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-692-7

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 12 April 2012

Seleshi Sisaye and Jacob G. Birnberg

The mechanistic-organic assumptions of SF address those organizational factors related to structural arrangements, contextual factors, job-task work activities, and human…

Abstract

The mechanistic-organic assumptions of SF address those organizational factors related to structural arrangements, contextual factors, job-task work activities, and human resources management policies. Organizations adopt structures and procedures in search of legitimacy and institutionalization (Riebero & Scapens, 2006, p. 96). Structures manifest themselves in centralized (mechanistic) and/or decentralized (organic) forms. These structures can be loose or tightly controlled; they can involve independent or interdependent tasks. These conditions have a direct impact on the operation of management information and control systems that will, in turn, impact organizational learning and process innovations, which, ultimately, affects organizational performance.

Details

An Organizational Learning Approach to Process Innovations: The Extent and Scope of Diffusion and Adoption in Management Accounting Systems
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78052-734-5

Book part
Publication date: 25 June 2012

Bo Edvardsson, Per Skålén and Bård Tronvoll

Purpose – The aim is to introduce a sociological perspective on resource integration and value co-creation into service research using a service systems

Abstract

Purpose – The aim is to introduce a sociological perspective on resource integration and value co-creation into service research using a service systems approach.

Methodology/approach – Conceptual and a case study of the service system a Telecom Equipment and Service Provider is embedded in is reported.

Findings – The service practice of the service system is framed by social structures of signification, legitimation, and domination. However, the practice is also independent of the structures since it is embedded in and shapes the structural realm.

Research implications and limitations – Drawing on structuration and practice theory, the chapter offers a new framework describing how social and service structures and practices can inform and reveal mechanisms of service system dynamics. Based on the framework, three propositions are developed focusing on the mechanisms of resource integration and value co-creation. The implications need to be generalized in future research by studying other empirical contexts.

Practical implications – The chapter provides some tentative guidelines on how organizations can design service systems that enable and support customers and other actors in their resource integration and value co-creation processes by paying attention to social structures and forces and not only resources as such.

Originality – The chapter explicates how social structures have implications for value co-creation and resource integration in service system. It makes systematic use of structuration and practice theory to understand the social dimensions of service systems. A distinction between intended and realized resource integration is made.

Details

Special Issue – Toward a Better Understanding of the Role of Value in Markets and Marketing
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78052-913-4

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 August 2000

Charles B. Keating

This paper introduces a systems‐based methodology for conducting analysis of organizational structure for health care operations. Increasingly, health care organizations must…

1429

Abstract

This paper introduces a systems‐based methodology for conducting analysis of organizational structure for health care operations. Increasingly, health care organizations must operate in turbulent environments characterized by rapid change, high levels of uncertainty, and increasing levels of complexity. A fundamental issue for effective performance in these environments is the development and maintenance of organizational structures that simultaneously provide both operational stability and agile response to environmental turbulence. Drawing from systems science, a systems‐based methodology for structural analysis of healthcare operations is developed. This methodology identifies operational deficiencies stemming from inadequate organizational structure and suggests focal areas for structural modification. The results from an application of the methodology in a health care organization are examined. Implications and limitations for use of the methodology by health care professionals are provided.

Details

Journal of Management in Medicine, vol. 14 no. 3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0268-9235

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 March 1995

Hubert K Rampersad

Examines the conceptual design of robotic assembly systems inconjunction with the analysis and optimization of the product and processdesign. Explains how an integral assembly…

Abstract

Examines the conceptual design of robotic assembly systems in conjunction with the analysis and optimization of the product and process design. Explains how an integral assembly model is utilised to study the relationships between assembly variables which play a role in each stage of the design process. Outlines the characteristics and benefits of the concentric design process and explains the total productivity concept. Concludes that the integral assembly model, which underlies the concentric design process, provides the opportunity to store product, process and system data and can therefore be considered as a reference model for product development and process planning as well as for the design and analysis of assembly systems.

Details

Assembly Automation, vol. 15 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-5154

Keywords

Abstract

Details

Individualism, Holism and the Central Dilemma of Sociological Theory
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78769-038-7

Article
Publication date: 1 February 1992

ROBERT N. ODDY, ELIZABETH DUROSS LIDDY, BHASKARAN BALAKRISHNAN, ANN BISHOP, JOSEPH ELEWONONI and EILEEN MARTIN

This paper is an exploratory study of one approach to incorporating situational information into information retrieval systems, drawing on principles and methods of discourse…

Abstract

This paper is an exploratory study of one approach to incorporating situational information into information retrieval systems, drawing on principles and methods of discourse linguistics. A tenet of discourse linguistics is that texts of a specific type possess a structure above the syntactic level, which follows conventions known to the people using such texts to communicate. In some cases, such as literature describing work done, the structure is closely related to situations, and may therefore be a useful representational vehicle for the present purpose. Abstracts of empirical research papers exhibit a well‐defined discourse‐level structure, which is revealed by lexical clues. Two methods of detecting the structure automatically are presented: (i) a Bayesian probabilistic analysis; and (ii) a neural network model. Both methods show promise in preliminary implementations. A study of users' oral problem statements indicates that they are not amenable to the same kind of processing. However, from in‐depth interviews with users and search intermediaries, the following conclusions are drawn: (i) the notion of a generic research script is meaningful to both users and intermediaries as a high‐level description of situation; (ii) a researcher's position in the script is a predictor of the relevance of documents; and (iii) currently, intermediaries can make very little use of situational information. The implications of these findings for system design are discussed, and a system structure presented to serve as a framework for future experimental work on the factors identified in this paper. The design calls for a dialogue with the user on his or her position in a research script and incorporates features permitting discourse‐level components of abstracts to be specified in search strategies.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 48 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

Article
Publication date: 3 May 2011

William F. Christopher

The purpose of this paper is to explain how the system science and cybernetics in Stafford Beer's viable system model (VSM) will help management structure and manage their company…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explain how the system science and cybernetics in Stafford Beer's viable system model (VSM) will help management structure and manage their company to achieve on‐going success in a fast‐changing world.

Design/methodology/approach

The author worked with Stafford Beer in the 1970s, applying his VSM in the corporation he then worked for and has used the VSM ideas in work with companies in 16 countries, always with success. The VSM instructs in how to structure and how to manage. For what to manage the author used Peter Drucker's key performance areas, and has more than 50 years of experience working in these areas.

Findings

The author has found, during his long career in industry and in consulting, that the VSM is the best available guide for structuring and managing a business enterprise for success in turbulent times.

Practical implications

In the 1950s, Ralph Cordiner “decentralized” General Electric into 120 businesses, pioneering a new, better way to structure and manage a corporation. After 50 years, we have the next revolutionary advance in management, the system science and cybernetics in Stafford's VSM. The VSM includes information and environments in structure, enabling companies to change as appropriate for achieving on‐going success in a world of huge and fast‐growing variety.

Originality/value

The paper shows how a simple form of the VSM includes all the system science company management needs to structure and manage their company for enduring success in fast‐changing times.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 40 no. 3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 14 June 2011

Lixin Tao, Yingfan Guo and Weiwei Du

The purpose of this paper is to propose and demonstrate criteria for omnibearing imbalance of macroeconomic system structure (regions, industries, urban and rural areas…

258

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose and demonstrate criteria for omnibearing imbalance of macroeconomic system structure (regions, industries, urban and rural areas, departments, ownership, etc.) and their strategic optimization, for structural optimization of the global regional macroeconomic system, providing universal application of the formula for calculating, and quantitative basis.

Design/methodology/approach

Relevant statistical data will compare receipts (GBC) model calculation to quantitatively determine structural imbalance and the formation of structural optimization and direction and intensity of the strategic program.

Findings

Contemporary system science believes that all things take the form of systems, and that the output function depends on the internal structure of systems. Therefore, the system structure must be judged by the output benefit. Although the output benefit of a society's macroeconomic system is enslaved to the system's external environment (the peripheral environment, international economy, or even global economy), the state of the system's internal structure directly determines its output benefit. In reverse, the output benefit of the macroeconomic system is also the reference to evaluate its internal structure.

Research limitations/implications

Research on the macroeconomic system structural imbalances and optimization with universal applicability.

Originality/value

The paper is of great significance with regard to the theory, methodology, and practice for structural optimization of the global regional macroeconomic system.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 40 no. 5/6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 May 1989

Lawrence J. Mazlack

Knowledge‐based systems have been successfully utilised in the develop‐ment of complex systems. In many cases, these systems have emphasised the need for techniques to integrate…

Abstract

Knowledge‐based systems have been successfully utilised in the develop‐ment of complex systems. In many cases, these systems have emphasised the need for techniques to integrate knowledge‐based processing with methods for managing both large amounts of data and knowledge. However, many potential applications for expert systems are precluded by limitations in the ability of conventional expert system technology to function in conjunction with data systems without manual intervention. The author focuses on the integration of knowledge‐bases and databases with the capability to: store and context select between parallel, competing expert system rule structures; cascade variable rule structures; allow an expert system to be interrupted and to be subsequently restarted by storing the state of the inference engine; handle simple data storage and retrieval.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 18 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

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