Search results

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to design and build a wild animal pest repellent device with combination of passive infrared (PIR) sensor and ultrasonic signal based on microcontroller as system controller. The PIR sensor is used to detect the presence of wild animal objects and ultrasonic signals to interfere with the hearing.

Design/Methodology/Approach – The design of the system is built based on microcontroller as the system controller. The system as a whole includes hardware and software. The design of hardware consists of the system design on the transmitter side and the system design on the receiver side, while the software in the of system are algorithms using C language programming.

Findings – The resulting repellent device can detect animals approaching up to a distance of 5 m and may interfere with its hearing with a 40 kHz ultrasonic frequency up to a distance of 20 m. The system also uses remote monitoring devices using 433 MHz radio frequency up to a distance of 60 m.

Research Limitations/Implications – Each animal has different hearing frequencies, as well as some wild animals, but the hearing frequencies of wild animals are generally at ultrasonic frequencies. The frequency of animal hearing may vary from audio frequency to ultrasonic frequency, so ultrasonic wave emission testing with varying frequencies is required.

Practical Implications – This research combines systems on transmitters and receivers, with real-time monitoring of wild animal positions, and it can be possible to monitor the position of more detailed animals by installing more types of sensors as well as increasing the number of sensors.

Originality/Value – This paper may provide additional insight into the hearing frequencies of animals and may also serve as comparable papers for similar studies.

Provides details of the different systems that can be used in order to provide maximum security in the workplace. Sets out the systems under the headings of access control, intrusion detection and visual systems. Concludes with a summary to be used as workplace security guidelines.

Various systems for enhancing visibility for civil aircraft have been proposed and a recent Royal Aeronautical society conference chaired by Captain Harry Hopkins sought to address many of these and provide a background against which their certification can be considered. The first contribution dealt with a NASA view of these systems and described the technical baselines for a programme to provide enhanced visual systems for three conditions. These are:

A measuring system for automatic process parameter acquisition in garment sewing operations has been presented. The measuring equipment is based upon the usage of a very powerful portable notebook IBM compatible personal computer, equipped with an AD converter, measuring instruments and adequate software packages for data storing and analysis. Characteristics of measuring instruments and sensors have also been given, together with measuring process description, all connected with two independent video‐camera systems, working in two planes, used for working operation analysis at workplaces in garment sewing operations.

The purpose of this paper is to review the use of technologies for measuring space occupancy to guide the selection of appropriate tools for workplace post-occupancy evaluation (POE) studies. The authors focus on how actual space occupancy was measured in previous studies and the pros and cons of the different technologies and tools. This paper also addresses research gaps and directions for future research.

The space occupancy measures/tools are categorized based on the three types of technologies: environmental/ambient sensors, wearable sensors/smartphones and computer vision. A total of 50 studies are reviewed to identify the capabilities and limitations of these measurements.

Based on review results, the authors propose that although sensor technology can be a useful addition to the measures/tools list, a comprehensive review of the research goal, the occupants' behavior, and the environmental settings' characteristics should be conducted beforehand. Selecting appropriate technology is critical for collecting the proper behavioral data type, with a lower level of surveillance and increased validity.

This paper urges critical thinking about existing occupancy measures/tools across various fields, to inform the adoption and creation of new building occupancy measures. The knowledge of emerging sensor technology allows researchers to better study the temporal patterns of occupant behavior over extended periods and in a wide range of settings.

A low cost two dimensional pyroelectric array technology has been developed, together with advanced signal processing algorithms. This enables the availability of intelligent passive infrared detector systems for surveillance, counting, and related applications. The technology has also made possible for the first time a truly affordable low‐resolution thermal imager for condition monitoring, plant maintenance, and process control.

Describes a passive, open‐path infrared gas detector that utilises thermal background radiation as the source. Explains its mode of operation, provides a specification and considers its route to market.

This paper aims to investigate the self-alignment of 0603 size (1.5 × 0.75 mm) chip resistors, which were soldered by infrared or vapour phase soldering. The results were used for establishing an artificial neural network for predicting the component movement during the soldering.

The components were soldered onto an FR4 testboard, which was designed to facilitate the measuring of the position of the components both prior to and after the soldering. A semi-automatic placement machine misplaced the components intentionally, and the self-alignment ability was determined for soldering techniques of both infrared and vapour phase soldering. An artificial neural network-based prediction method was established, which is able to predict the position of chip resistors after soldering as a function of component misplacement prior to soldering.

The results showed that the component can self-align from farer distances by using vapour phase method, even from relative misplacement of 50 per cent parallel to the shorter side of the component. Components can self-align from a relative misplacement only of 30 per cent by using infrared soldering method. The established artificial neural network can predict the component self-alignment with an approximately 10-20 per cent mean absolute error.

It was proven that the vapour phase soldering method is more stable from the component’s self-alignment point of view. Furthermore, machine learning-based predictors can be applied in the field of reflow soldering technology, and artificial neural networks can predict the component self-alignment with an appropriately low error.

To present the specifications and the technologies underpinning some new high‐speed cameras, and explore their applications.

Describes the industrial, military and other applications of high‐speed imaging. Traces the recent technical developments in sensors for visible and infrared light. Then describes some specific high‐speed cameras.

CMOS sensors have now taken over from CCD in high‐speed visible cameras. Microbolometers have made low‐cost uncooled cameras available for infrared imaging. Applications range from serious research and development topics, such as air‐bag and seat‐belt performance and combustion studies, to investigations of natural phenomena and analysis of sports equipment.

Monitors the progress of imaging technology and describes its current capabilities to the interested reader.