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Article
Publication date: 4 November 2013

Joleen C. Hadrich, Ryan Larsen and Frayne E. Olson

The purposes of this paper are to determine the financial, structural, and tax policy factors that influence the probability of buying machinery and the intensity of the machinery…

419

Abstract

Purpose

The purposes of this paper are to determine the financial, structural, and tax policy factors that influence the probability of buying machinery and the intensity of the machinery purchases on North Dakota farming operations.

Design/methodology/approach

A double hurdle model was used to estimate the two decisions: purchasing machinery and the intensity of the machinery purchase. Data were collected from the North Dakota Farm and Ranch Management Business Association Annual Summaries for 1993-2011.

Findings

Results demonstrated that the tax incentive provided by Section 179 deduction had the largest positive effect on machinery purchases when compared to operating profit margin, leverage ratio, producer type, and experience of the principal operator of the farm.

Originality/value

Section 179 deductions have changed substantially over the 19-year period studied and have not been analyzed in previous machinery investment work. This analysis puts a numerical value on the effect of Section 179 deductions over time and demonstrates the large effect tax incentives have on machinery purchase decisions and levels.

Details

Agricultural Finance Review, vol. 73 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-1466

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1989

J.R. Carby‐Hall

One of the common law duties owed by the employer is his duty to take reasonable care for the safety of his employee. This common law duty is an implied term in the contract of…

1030

Abstract

One of the common law duties owed by the employer is his duty to take reasonable care for the safety of his employee. This common law duty is an implied term in the contract of employment and is therefore contractual in nature. Because of the difficulties which may arise in bringing an action in contract for breach of the employer's duty of care, the employee who has sustained injuries during the course of his employment (although he may sue either in contract of tort will normally bring a tort action.

Details

Managerial Law, vol. 31 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0558

Article
Publication date: 28 June 2011

Austin Otegbulu and G.K. Babawale

From the perspective of plant and machinery valuation, this paper aims to assess the factors that constrain accuracy in plant and machinery valuation in the Nigerian context.

1049

Abstract

Purpose

From the perspective of plant and machinery valuation, this paper aims to assess the factors that constrain accuracy in plant and machinery valuation in the Nigerian context.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is based on the technical, economic and market infrastructure affecting machinery and equipment valuation in Nigeria and surveyed 150 practicing firms in Lagos to elicit from them what they believe are the major constraints to valuation accuracy.

Findings

The findings reveal that, due to lack of specialization in machinery and equipment valuation, very few valuers have sufficient knowledge content to engage in the exercise. Four significant factors are established to be contributing most to valuation inaccuracy.

Originality/value

This study is the first on inaccuracy in machinery and equipment valuation, and consequently highlights the need to equip Nigerian valuers to face the challenges of the expertise required in this specialized area of valuation.

Details

Property Management, vol. 29 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-7472

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 24 September 2010

Teemu Laine, Jari Paranko and Petri Suomala

The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it aims at defining the concept of the downstream shift in the context of the machinery manufacturers. The second aim of the paper is…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it aims at defining the concept of the downstream shift in the context of the machinery manufacturers. The second aim of the paper is to analyze the potentially enabling role of remote technologies in that shift.

Design/methodology/approach

Besides examining the development of the supply chains based on the literature and a case company, the paper refers to the case of the remote technologies developed and used by the case company for the years of 2003‐2008.

Findings

The key finding of this paper is that no consensus exists on the favourable scope and content of the downstream shift aimed at by the machinery manufacturers. Respectively, the potential role of the technologies in the shift can also vary on a case‐by‐case basis. Based on the case study, instead of new sources of service revenues, the information processed with the help of the remote technologies may provide an opportunity for the machinery manufacturer to learn from its customers, thus offering a sound basis for various R&D and sales and marketing activities.

Research limitations/implications

This paper can be considered as a pre‐study towards understanding about the true drivers of the downstream shift and their success factors. Technologies constitute one enabler in the shift, and its potential roles, together with the context specific factors, require further attention.

Practical implications

The paper offers valuable insights into the development of the supply chains. Moreover, it takes a critical perspective on the positive expectations connected with the downstream shifts by the machinery manufacturers.

Originality/value

The longitudinal perspective to the case environment provides a sound basis for analyzing the development of the supply chain at hand.

Details

Management Research Review, vol. 33 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-8269

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 December 1967

Viscount Dilhorne, Reid, Hodson, Guest and Pearson

June 20, 1967 Factory — Dangerous machinery (fencing) — “Machinery” — Mobile crane — Part of equipment of factory — Dangerous parts — Obligation to fence — Factories Act, 1961 (9

Abstract

June 20, 1967 Factory — Dangerous machinery (fencing) — “Machinery” — Mobile crane — Part of equipment of factory — Dangerous parts — Obligation to fence — Factories Act, 1961 (9 & 10 Eliz. II, c.34), s. 14 (1).

Details

Managerial Law, vol. 3 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0558

Article
Publication date: 10 October 2018

Yong-Ki Min, Sang-Gun Lee and Yaichi Aoshima

Starting from industry 4.0 in Germany and followed by the New Strategy for American Innovation in the USA and the smartization strategy in Japan, developed countries are pushing…

2267

Abstract

Purpose

Starting from industry 4.0 in Germany and followed by the New Strategy for American Innovation in the USA and the smartization strategy in Japan, developed countries are pushing nation-wide innovation strategies. Similarly, China is pursuing the Made in China 2025, and Korea announced the Manufacturing Industry Innovation 3.0 strategy. However, few researchers have identified the industrial structure that establishes the foundation of the 4th Industrial Revolution or have derived strengths and weaknesses to provide implications on policy formulation through quantitative comparison with developed countries. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the spillover effect of the information and communication technology (ICT) industry (the foundation of the 4th Industrial Revolution) and machinery·equipment industry (the foundation of smart manufacturing through convergence with ICT industry).

Design/methodology/approach

This study examines the industrial spillover effects of the ICT industry and machinery·equipment industry in the USA, Germany, Japan, China and Korea by using the World Input–Output Table from 2000 to 2014.

Findings

The results showed that backward linkage effect of the ICT Industry are high in the order of Korea≑China>Japan>the USA≑Germany, and forward linkage effect of the ICT industry are high in the order of Japan ≑> the USA≑Korea ≑> China ≑> Germany. Backward linkage effects of the machinery·equipment industry are high in the order of China>Japan≑Korea>the USA>Germany, and forward linkage effects of the machinery·equipment industry are high in the order of China>Korea>Germany≑Japan≑the USA.

Practical implications

China and Korea encourage active government investment in ICT and machinery·equipment industries, especially the intentional convergence between ICT and machinery·equipment industries is expected be generate higher synergy. The “innovation in manufacturing” strategy in the USA that utilizes its strength in ICT services seems appropriate, whereas Germany needs to revitalize the ICT industry to strengthen its manufacturing industry. Japan’s strategy is to focus its ICT capabilities on robot sector. While the scope of innovation is limited, its synergy is worth expecting.

Originality/value

This study attempted to provide a theoretical approach to the determination of national policy strategies and provide practical implications for response to the impacts of the 4th Industrial Revolution, by comparing the inducement effects of ICT and machinery·equipment industries between major countries.

Details

Industrial Management & Data Systems, vol. 119 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-5577

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 10 August 2010

Phillipp Hypko, Meike Tilebein and Ronald Gleich

In view of a lack of understanding of the consequences of performance‐based contracting (PBC), this paper aims to reveal deeper insights into the mechanisms inherent to PBC and…

4608

Abstract

Purpose

In view of a lack of understanding of the consequences of performance‐based contracting (PBC), this paper aims to reveal deeper insights into the mechanisms inherent to PBC and explore which benefits and uncertainties may result for providers and customers.

Design/methodology/approach

Conducting a comprehensive literature review and drawing on insights from agency theory as a framework, the auhtors analyzed a broad range of academic publications on the benefits and uncertainties of PBC and developed testable propositions from the provider's and the customer's perspective.

Findings

With PBC, in comparison to the conventional selling and supporting of machinery or equipment, the manufacturers are more likely to acquire customers for highly innovative technologies, to increase their profit, and to improve customer loyalty. Manufacturers, however, have to deal with uncertain revenues and costs which affect their profit. The customers are more likely to receive increased performance at decreased costs. Concerning the performance, however, the customers enter into an uncertain relationship of dependence.

Originality/value

This is the first paper to analyze the benefits and uncertainties of PBC in manufacturing industries systematically from an agency theory perspective. The paper further develops extant research by outlining the mechanisms of PBC and relating the benefits and uncertainties that are scattered over a broad body of literature. The paper proposes several promising avenues for further research.

Details

Journal of Service Management, vol. 21 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-5818

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1966

L.J. Willmer, L.J. Danckwerts and L.J. Salmon

March 1, 1966 Factory — Dangerous machinery (fencing) — “Machinery” — Mobile crane — Whether “machinery” — Factories Act, 1961 (9& 10 Eliz. II, c. 34), s. 14(1).

Abstract

March 1, 1966 Factory — Dangerous machinery (fencing) — “Machinery” — Mobile crane — Whether “machinery” — Factories Act, 1961 (9& 10 Eliz. II, c. 34), s. 14(1).

Details

Managerial Law, vol. 1 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0558

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1996

Linda M. Aguilar and Michael A. Singer

United States history is steeped in trade and trade debate, from the pivotal role of the Boston Tea Party in shaping the United States as a nation to the recent debate over the…

233

Abstract

United States history is steeped in trade and trade debate, from the pivotal role of the Boston Tea Party in shaping the United States as a nation to the recent debate over the merits of U.S. ratification of the present version of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) negotiations. It is no surprise, then, that the U.S. Department of Commerce is actively involved in promoting exports. In 1993, President Clinton announced a national export strategy for the United States, described as “a comprehensive plan [that] upgrades and coordinates the government's export promotion and export finance programs to help American firms compete in the global marketplace” (U.S. Department of Commerce, 1994). In particular, the strategy identifies past problems with U.S. trade promotion efforts and recommends improvements upon current ones. This includes enhancing existing trade finance programs such as the Exim Bank and the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, and creating the Tied Aid Fund to help U.S. firms compete on a level playing field. As an outcrop of this initiative, the Commerce Department identified 10 foreign nations as the big emerging markets (BEMs) of the upcoming century, markets where the potential for trade growth is the greatest.

Details

Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, vol. 6 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1059-5422

Article
Publication date: 1 June 1977

Roy Rothwell

Introduction A recent paper in Omega has suggested that one of the prime reasons for the catastrophic decline in the UK's share of world ship building during the twentieth century…

Abstract

Introduction A recent paper in Omega has suggested that one of the prime reasons for the catastrophic decline in the UK's share of world ship building during the twentieth century has been a laggardness in innovation on the part of the UK industry. This raises the question of the importance of technical change in export competitiveness in other industry sectors. Indeed, in the light of the UK Government's recently stated industrial strategy which, under the auspices of an overall industry plan, is designed to operate on a sectoral basis, the determination of the relative importance of the technical sophistication of a good in that good's competitiveness, and the determination of how this factor varies between sectors, would appear to be of prime importance in formulating practical policies for the different sectors.

Details

Management Decision, vol. 15 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

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