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Book part
Publication date: 20 July 2022

Heather Cairns-Lee, James Lawley and Paul Tosey

The purpose of this chapter is to enable interviewers to understand how they can elicit interviewee-generated data that are not ‘muddied’ by the researcher. The chapter has three…

Abstract

Chapter Summary

The purpose of this chapter is to enable interviewers to understand how they can elicit interviewee-generated data that are not ‘muddied’ by the researcher. The chapter has three main components. First, we discuss the authorship of data and illustrate how questions may unwittingly affect this authorship. Second, we outline the problem with ‘leading’ questions and introduce three features of leading questions that are relevant to researchers from different research epistemologies. Third, we introduce the ‘cleanness rating’, which is a way to categorise how questions are used in an interview according to the extent to which they are leading or ‘clean’. We conclude with the difference this can make for researchers, including enhancing the capacity for interviewers to reflect on their practice and making their role in the generation of interview data more transparent.

Book part
Publication date: 20 July 2022

Paul Tosey, Heather Cairns-Lee and James Lawley

To conclude this book, we take stock of the state of the field of clean language interviewing (CLI). The field has matured considerably in 20 years and yet is still young and…

Abstract

Chapter Summary

To conclude this book, we take stock of the state of the field of clean language interviewing (CLI). The field has matured considerably in 20 years and yet is still young and emergent. Through articulating the principles of CLI and exploring its application in many fields of practice, we hope this book might come to be seen as a milestone on its path. From its informal beginnings and earliest applications, we believe we can claim with justification that clean language interviewing has developed into a well-specified, well-tested and well-appreciated method that can be used to access both explicitly- and tacitly-held knowledge in a wide range of research projects.

As editors of this volume, we have been gratified and humbled by the ways in which CLI has been used by the contributors. Part II has demonstrated the value of clean language interviewing in both academic and applied research. The applications presented illustrate that CLI has breadth – given the diverse fields in which it has been applied – as well as depth, due to the various levels at which it can be used.

Our aim in this chapter is to reflect on themes that have emerged from the contributions in Part II and the experience of compiling the book as a whole. We begin by reviewing the frameworks that we regard as essential to CLI, then discuss three issues of practice and theory that have emerged from Part II. We sum up the key benefits and limitations of CLI for interviewers and interviewees before indicating some possible directions for future research.

Book part
Publication date: 20 July 2022

Heather Cairns-Lee

This chapter illustrates the elicitation of metaphor using clean language interviewing (CLI) from a study with a population of 30 business leaders to find out what they could…

Abstract

Chapter Summary

This chapter illustrates the elicitation of metaphor using clean language interviewing (CLI) from a study with a population of 30 business leaders to find out what they could learn through articulating and exploring their metaphors about leadership. This responded to claims in the literature on leadership that mental models are the key to leadership and yet leaders are largely unaware of their models. The aim of the study was to encourage leaders to pay attention to their metaphors and to understand if this could help develop their self-awareness. The entire phenomenological study was based on clean language principles to guide the research process. The chapter includes an extract from one interview to illustrate the use of clean questions to elicit verbal and visual metaphors. It shows the application of the cleanness rating to the interview as a method to understand the relative extent of clean or leading questions and facilitate researcher reflexivity. Moreover, the chapter illustrates the use of drawings as integral to clean language practice. The chapter concludes with findings from the study about facilitating self-awareness through CLI and shares some lessons learned about using CLI with business populations.

Details

Clean Language Interviewing
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-331-5

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 20 July 2022

Margaret Meyer, Wendy Sullivan, Paul Tosey and James Lawley

This chapter describes the work-life balance project, which was the first to investigate the potential of clean language as an academic research interview methodology (Lawley

Abstract

Chapter Summary

This chapter describes the work-life balance project, which was the first to investigate the potential of clean language as an academic research interview methodology (Lawley, Meyer, Meese, Sullivan, & Tosey, 2010). It resulted in the publication of an article in the British Journal of Management (Tosey, Lawley, & Meese, 2014) that has since been cited in several academic papers, including Langley and Meziani's (2020) review of interview methodologies in the field of organisational change. This chapter describes the project's methodology and findings and highlights six lessons learnt that have helped to inform the further development of clean language interviewing.

Content available
Book part
Publication date: 20 July 2022

Abstract

Details

Clean Language Interviewing
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-331-5

Book part
Publication date: 20 July 2022

Nancy Doyle and Uzma Waseem

Clean language is the foundation of coaching work delivered by Genius Within, a non-profit company that provides assessment, coaching, training and HR consultancy for…

Abstract

Chapter Summary

Clean language is the foundation of coaching work delivered by Genius Within, a non-profit company that provides assessment, coaching, training and HR consultancy for neurodifferent adults and their employers. Genius Within works with thousands of employed and unemployed clients each year as well as those who are incarcerated. Evaluation of clean language in coaching for neurodifferent clients has formed one doctoral thesis (Doyle, 2018) with a further study in progress. The method's utility in drawing out experiences of mastery is in line with self-efficacy theory (Bandura, 1997) and has been demonstrated to be particularly successful with this minority population (Doyle, 2021; Doyle & McDowall, 2015). The staff of Genius Within apply clean language fluently in a range of contexts, across multiple research activities, training and awareness initiatives, as well as workplace intervention programmes. In this chapter, two Genius Within employees who are also involved in academic research describe the use of a clean language interviewing (CLI) approach to evaluate a psychometric tool used in recruitment. The authors were commissioned by the test designer to identify the prevalence of implicit biases within the tool, which might constitute hidden barriers for neurodifferent applicants. The chapter is introduced with a brief history of neurodifferences and a contextual frame for the study, followed by outlining our process and results. We will conclude with proposals for the utility of CLI more broadly within neurodiversity as a method of facilitating innovation and dismantling socially constructed norms.

Details

Clean Language Interviewing
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-331-5

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 20 July 2022

Paul Tosey, Heather Cairns-Lee and James Lawley

In this book the terms ‘clean language’ and ‘clean language interviewing’ are written using lower case, according to the convention of the American Psychological Association…

Abstract

NB

In this book the terms ‘clean language’ and ‘clean language interviewing’ are written using lower case, according to the convention of the American Psychological Association (sixth edition). ‘Clean language interviewing’ is sometimes abbreviated to CLI.

Content available
Book part
Publication date: 20 July 2022

Abstract

Details

Clean Language Interviewing
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-331-5

Article
Publication date: 7 August 2017

Song Yang, Songshan (Sam) Huang and Gang Shen

This study aims to identify key factors influencing Chinese domestic travelers’ behaviors in hotel selection from a pool of budget hotel attribute-based factors and customer…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to identify key factors influencing Chinese domestic travelers’ behaviors in hotel selection from a pool of budget hotel attribute-based factors and customer personal characteristics and determine the extent to which these factors impact on domestic Chinese travelers’ hotel selection preferences.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a discrete choice experimental design and a multinomial logit model to examine the key influential factors contributing to Chinese domestic travelers’ choice behavior to budget hotels. Both hotel attribute-based and personal trait factors were tested.

Findings

Results indicate that location, price and business functions were factors influencing guest choice behavior. For budget hotels, being located in the traditional central business districts and having a restaurant would leverage guest preference to stay. Among consumers’ personal characteristics, income, occupation, purpose of travel, personal attitude and past experience were found to be determinants of guest choice behavior.

Practical implications

This study contributes to the understanding of Chinese domestic travelers’ choice behaviors toward budget hotels and offers insights for industry practitioners to better design budget hotel products and service.

Originality/value

This research is the first that integrates hotel attributes with travelers’ characteristics and quantitatively evaluate the determinants affecting hotel choice behavior in China. The insights are of value academically to our understanding of cognitive mechanism underlying choice behavior.

Details

International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, vol. 11 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1750-6182

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 2 October 2017

Argyro Drakakaki, Charis Apostolopoulos, Alexandros Katsaounis and Hasa Bjorn

Corrosive agent constitutes a major problem for constructions located in coastal areas, since it keeps affecting their durability. This phenomenon, in synergy with moisture and…

Abstract

Purpose

Corrosive agent constitutes a major problem for constructions located in coastal areas, since it keeps affecting their durability. This phenomenon, in synergy with moisture and high temperatures, leads to premature deterioration of the structures. Under these conditions, the need for management of the problem of resistance of steel against corrosion is an issue of paramount importance and a challenge to the structural integrity and reliability. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

The need for management of the problem of resistance of steel against corrosion is an issue of paramount importance and a challenge to the structural integrity and reliability. In the present study, an effort was made to increase the corrosion resistance of the high strength and ductility dual-phase steel B500c category, with the use of different shot blasting processes, without any interference in the chemical composition or in the production mode. In particular, shot blasting treatment was used for both cleaning and creating compressive stresses on the surface of steel bars, according to the pertinent protocols. The modified samples were studied via both conventional characterization methods and electrochemical techniques.

Findings

Through the whole surface treatment process of B500c steel, a positive impact came about not only the corrosion resistance, but also the mechanical performance.

Originality/value

Shot blasting process aims to increase the corrosion resistance of high ductility dual-phase steel (B500c), without any interference in the chemical composition or in the production mode.

Details

International Journal of Structural Integrity, vol. 8 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-9864

Keywords

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