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The purpose of this study is to explore the roles of public–private partnership (PPP) leaders and the vital skills and competencies that PPP leaders should possess to ensure the success of PPP projects in Malaysia.

This study adopted an exploratory qualitative research design using an in-depth interview technique. Ten informants who were involved in the PPP projects from the public and the private sectors participated in this study. Data gathered from the in-depth interview were analysed using the constant comparative method.

The findings of this study show that among the main roles of PPP leaders are building a collaborative culture, leading and influencing the partnership process by developing trust and encouraging commitment and fairness. Key competencies were sensitivity of the cross-cultural issues between the public and the private sector, communication and PPP technical skills.

This paper outlines key competencies for the training and selection of PPP leaders and team members.

This paper enriches the existing body of knowledge on Malaysia’s PPP with regard to PPP leadership roles and their competencies.

The purpose of this paper is to explore objective and subjective career success and to identify factors contributing to career success among a sample of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) “late bloomers” working in Malaysia.

Incorporating a mixed method design, the authors quantitatively surveyed 86 TVET graduates from two multinational companies, followed by in‐depth qualitative interviews with five high‐performing “late bloomer” TVET graduates.

Quantitative results indicate that the respondents progressed in their careers both in terms of salary and promotions, while most were satisfied with their careers and felt that they were internally and externally marketable. Qualitative findings indicate that the success of the late bloomers was the result of a perceived good fit between an individual's strengths and the organization's ability to compensate, motivate and support the individuals in their career progression.

The limited sample size employed can only provide initial insights into career success levels and contributing factors of career success. The results may spur larger scale research on career success of TVET graduates in Malaysia and the neighbouring region.

The paper provides important initial findings on the technical and vocational career line as an alternative pathway for Malaysian youth, particularly school leavers and underachievers, to achieve career success and enhanced social inclusion through higher salaries, job status and educational attainment.

The paper highlights the unexplored potential of career success as a facilitator of educational attainment and social inclusion, rather than the traditional path of educational attainment first, followed by career success.