Search results

A healthy and easy-to-use orange snack obtained from the freeze-dried orange pulp puree is proposed. Once the commercial packaging of the snack has been opened, the effect of conventional home storage temperature on its physicochemical properties and on the content of bioactive compounds has been studied. This research aims to recommend the consumer, and therefore the manufacturer, the best conditions for home storage of this product, keeping its nutritional quality and antioxidant capacity, as well as maintaining its colour and crispness.

The water content, water activity, hygroscopicity, crispness, colour, vitamin C, β-carotene, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were characterised both when the orange snack was newly obtained and after one, two and six months of storage inside zipper bags, at 4 and 20 ºC.

The results indicated that, in these conditions, the orange snack increased its water content, causing a loss in both its porosity and its characteristic crispness. Nevertheless, the bioactive compounds remained stable throughout the storage period, with the exception of β-carotene, the content of which decreased markedly when the orange snack was stored at 20 ºC.

Few studies have evaluated the stability of food products during home storage. The findings showed that the maximum storage time to ensure a proper texture of the orange snack studied is between two and six months, both at 4 and 20 ºC. However, from the point of view of the conservation of both vitamin C and, especially, of β-carotene, it is recommended that this product be stored in refrigeration.

Seeds to Success naturally grown gourmet salad greens, a product recognized for superior freshness, flavor, and quality, placed a community non‐profit organization in a position where high demand and limited production capacity became a major obstacle at a time when this nonprofit was facing tough decisions. The purpose of this paper is to present this example as a teaching case. The case also represents an example of the funding plight facing many community organizations and how social entrepreneurship can lead to creative solutions.

The information presented in this case is the result of years of participation and observation within the featured organization along with the cooperation of its employees, participants, and volunteers.

The analysis and discussion of facts and events presented are in the hands of the readers and the findings can be many.

This case can be of value for courses of many disciplines, as well as to serve as an example for practitioners involved in non‐profit organizations. As a teaching case, this study provides a unique history of events and description of the situation, as well as a chance to offer and discuss many possible solutions; each with its own potential set of contingencies. The case also allows readers to contrast the decision‐making considerations of for‐profit and non‐profit organizations as this community organization makes business decisions while protecting its social mission.

This paper aims to identify the factors that have led the USA to be one of the few countries in the world that has seen interlending and document supply continue to increase.

The factors are identified, reviewed and assessed.

It was found that the effectiveness of resource sharing facilitated by intra‐ and inter‐state cooperatives using OCLC as a framework is a major factor, others being the improvement in discovery tools, requesting processes and the more recent improvements in the delivery process. Finally, the widespread subsidizing of access and delivery enables cheap or even free use of document supply.

This paper is the only study so far that addresses the current puzzle of US “exceptionalism” for interlending and document supply.

To report and analyze transaction data over a four‐year period for patron‐initiated borrowing via the Cascade union catalog as well as transaction data for traditional ILL in a consortium of six academic libraries in Washington State.

Transaction data for patron‐initiated borrowing via the Cascade union catalog were gathered from statistics produced by the Inn‐Reach software. Data for ILL were collected via a survey of libraries’ staff. Data for returnables and copies were analyzed at the consortium and institutional level.

In the third year of patron‐initiated borrowing, traditional ILL transactions for returnables had decreased 21 per cent consortium‐wide, the total number of transactions for returnables had increased 271.9 per cent, and the transactions for copies remained steady. Although the borrowing and lending patterns at the six libraries varied, each loaned and borrowed more returnables via patron‐initiated borrowing than via traditional ILL.

This study describes activity at a single consortium of only six libraries. Since the Cascade libraries have now merged into a larger consortium, the Orbis Cascade Alliance, it would be interesting to collect and analyze new data from the larger group to see if patterns have changed.

The increased volume of returnables delivered to users in this consortium suggests that patron‐initiated borrowing is an effective method for resource sharing. Traditional ILL remains a necessary alternative for copies and books not available within the consortium.

This is the first study to examine consortium‐wide transaction data for both patron‐initiated borrowing and traditional interlibrary loan for a sustained period of time.

This study aims to examine the effects of various physical and chemical pre-treatments on antioxidant properties of tree bean (Parkia roxburghii G. Don) in combination with storage conditions.

The whole pods and seeds of tree bean were treated with gamma rays (γ-rays), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and stored at room temperature (RT, 25°C) for 30 days. The physical and chemical pre-treated seeds and pods were compared with the same stored at RT and refrigerated storage at 4°C and −20°C. During storage, physical (moisture content) and antioxidants like total phenolics, ascorbate content, reduced glutathione, total flavonoids, along with free radical scavenging activities (FRSA) were measured.

Chemical pre-treatments with NaOCl, ClO₂ and H₂O₂ significantly accelerated (p = 0.05) the total phenolics (1.9 mg/g FW in seeds and 2.4 mg/g FW in pods), flavonoids content (0.3 mg/g FW each in seeds and pods) and ABTS activities (73.3 per cent in seeds and 92.3 per cent in pods) at 30 days of storage. A significant decrease (p = 0.05) in ascorbate content (6.1 mg/g FW in seeds and 3.5 mg/g FW in pods), reduced glutathione (5.1 mg/g FW in seeds and 3.7 mg/g FW in pods), FRAP (0.3 mg equi Fe/g FW in seeds and 0.4 mg equi Fe/g FW in pods) and reducing power (1.8 mg/g FW in seeds and 3.7 mg/g FW in pods) was observed under all the treatments at 30 days of storage. However, DPPH increased under γ-irradiation and decreased under chemical pre-treatments, storage at RT and refrigerated storage. The overall result showed that pre-treatment of H₂O₂ at 10-20 mM maintains antioxidants and radical scavenging activities in tree bean during storage.

The application of H₂O₂ at 10-20 mM prior to storage of tree bean maintains the physical, antioxidant properties and FRSA in tree bean seeds and pods as compared to natural ambient conditions. Hence, this technique will help in improving the keeping quality of this legume and avoid spoilage after harvest for an extended period.

Staling, the progressive non‐microbial deterioration of quality, is influenced by baked product fat, sugar and moisture levels. Although 50 percent sugar replacement with an acesulfame‐K‐dextrose blend, and/or 50 percent fat replacement with dried plum puree, produces acceptable oatmeal and chocolate chip cookies within one day of baking, flavor and texture changes with continued storage are unknown. The purpose of this paper is to profile three oatmeal and chocolate chip cookie formulations.

Three oatmeal and chocolate chip cookie formulations (control, reduced‐in‐fat (50 percent) and reduced‐in‐fat and sugar (50 percent)) were profiled 1, 3, 5 and 7 days post‐bake by a trained sensory panel (n=8) using the Spectrum®‐approach on 0‐15 point linescales; three replicates were obtained. Water activity was determined on six replicates. Data were analyzed with PROC Mixed and PDIFF (p<0.05).

Water activity increased with modification; increases (aW<0.60) do not support microbial growth. Day 1 flavor and texture reformulation effects mirror those previously reported. Storage effects across all formulations (p<0.05) on oatmeal and chocolate chip cookie sensory attributes are within one linescale unit. Different significant (p<0.05) formulation×storage interactions suggest staling patterns differ with cookie type. Water activity increased during storage for chocolate chip cookies only; practical significance is questionable. Panelists' comments suggesting oxidative effects for both controls by day 5 are consistent with water activity.

Consumption of products with improved nutritional profiles can assist consumers in bringing their diets in‐line with dietary recommendations. Maximizing benefits requires continued selection of modified rather than non‐modified products. Technical issues (sensory characteristics, nutritional profile and storage convenience) do not appear to limit consumer selection of these reformulated cookies.

Born-again global internationalization is a rarely researched topic. Especially process-oriented studies are largely missing. In loss modes concerning their socioemotional wealth (SEW), family businesses take more risks and can be informative examples of born-again global internationalization.

This article analyzes the process of born-again global internationalization of a mature family business triggered by succession in an SEW loss mode. The interplay of dynamic capabilities (DCs) as drivers and SEW preservation guides the in-depth analysis based on an interpretative single case study design.

The analysis reveals a model with (1) the personal and familial level of the business family, (2) the bonding and transfer level between the business family and the family business and (3) the organizational level as three levels of DCs as drivers of born-again global internationalization in family businesses and SEW preservation as a continuously influencing context.

The article contributes to push forward the fragmented level of knowledge in the field of born-again global internationalization of family businesses. It brings together the triggering phase of born-again global internationalization with the later phases (driving successful rapid internationalization). In particular, it explores how the triggering factors on the family level can be translated into the development of capabilities on the firm level to drive successful internationalization. Based on these insights, the article offers novel implications for research and practice.

This paper aims to investigate on composite fabrics to develop the improved sleeping bag using trilayered textile structures. A thermal comfort analysis of fabrics is essential to design an enhanced type of sleeping bag.

In this study, optimizing thermal and permeability properties of different combinations of trilayer composite fabrics was done. The inner layer was 100% wool-knitted single jersey fabric. The middle layer was polyester needle punched non-woven fabric. The outermost layer was nylon-based Core-Tex branded waterproof breathable fabric. Five variations in wool-knitted samples were developed by changing the loop length and yarn count to optimize the best possible combination. Two different polyester non-woven fabrics have been produced with the changes in bulk density. Twelve trilayer composite fabric samples have been produced, and thermal comfort properties such as thermal conductivity, thermal absorptivity, thermal resistance, air permeability and relative water vapour permeability have been analysed.

Among the 12 samples, one optimized sample has been found with the specification of 100% wool with 25 Tex yarn linear density having 4.432-mm loop length inner-layered fabric, 96 g/m² polyester nonwoven fabric as the middle layer, and 220 g/m² Nylon-Core tex branded outermost layer. All the functional properties of the composite fabric are significantly different with the knitted wool fabrics and polyester nonwoven fabrics, which have been confirmed by analysis of variance study.

This research work supports for producing sleeping bag with enhanced comfort level.

The purpose of this paper is to achieve one garment with multiple uses, reduce waste and increase the fun of clothing design.

Through the comparison of the structural design of windbreaker with the structural design of suit and other coats, find out the similarities and differences between them in the structure then provide a reliable theoretical basis for the combination and transformation of the two; and then start with the structural theory of men's windbreaker, from the detail structure and the structure. The optimization design of the overall structure, the application of mathematical theory to establish a regular structure design method, so that it can be split through the zipper combination into men's suits or other coats. Finally, from the perspective of technology, the functional transformation from men's windbreaker to men's casual suit and other coats is completed in terms of style, structure and technology.

Through reasonable clothing structure design and invisible zipper layout, one type of clothing can be used as multiple types of clothing.

A new fashion design method is proposed to minimize the waste of fashion design process.

It is not sufficient for firms to deliver products that have technical excellence. Products should be easy to use and fit in with the work practices, activities and context of the consumer. Product usability is now recognized as a critical dimension of product quality. Product usability is defined by product attributes that address the physical, cognitive and emotional needs of intended users. Based on a database of documented real‐world customer experiences with manufactured products in use, this research maps the categories of product usability using an affinity diagram. The resulting affinity diagram and the insights it provides can help managers design products that better meet the needs of their customers. Limitations of the study and the implications of its findings are also discussed.