Search results
1 – 10 of 181Fang Fang, Keith Dickson and Daoping Wang
The purpose of this paper is to explore the core elements and their constitutive activities of innovation of high-technology enterprises (HTEs) in the context of China to embrace…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the core elements and their constitutive activities of innovation of high-technology enterprises (HTEs) in the context of China to embrace effective management processes for dealing with standards setting.
Design/methodology/approach
The basic methodology of the empirical investigation is a single case study of ZTE Corporation (ZTE), a leading Chinese manufacturer in the telecommunication industry. Interviews were conducted from November 2008 to July 2009 with ZTE’s managers and senior R&D employees, as well as with R&D personnel from ZTE’s partners. Interviews were carried out face to face or by emails and supplemented by telephone calls and online communications. Secondary data provide complementary information.
Findings
The key to innovation for HTEs pursuing dominant positions in high-technology industries is standardization-oriented innovation. To deal with special requirements raised by the peculiarities of standardization for HTEs’ innovation management, HTEs need to emphasize three core elements in innovation, i.e. strategic innovation planning, internal R&D practices and external co-operative innovation, and focus on their key component activities. Moreover, through the case study of ZTE, three enabling factors for standardization-oriented innovation – intellectual property rights (IPR) management, market focus and co-operation along industry chains – are identified.
Originality/value
This paper is an attempt to understand and configure key innovation activities within a standards setting. It proposes a model for innovation management of HTEs in the Chinese economy, with three critical elements and their key constitutive activities being highlighted and three enabling factors being identified.
Details
Keywords
The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework of staged development that examines strategies of domestic companies, government policies, and impacts of foreign…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework of staged development that examines strategies of domestic companies, government policies, and impacts of foreign multinational companies (MNCs) at different periods of catch‐up of latecomers.
Design/methodology/approach
A multi‐case approach is employed to examine four domestic telecom‐equipment companies that have significant impact on China's telecom‐equipment industry. They are: Huawei Technology Corporation (Huawei), Shenzhen Zhongxin Technology Corporation (ZTE), Datang Telecom Technology Corporation, Ltd (Datang), and Great Dragon Information Technology (GDT).
Findings
This paper identifies four distinct stages of the catching‐up process, featuring different institutional environment, government involvement, and the ensuing actions of foreign MNCs and domestic companies. During the initial stage, China's government decision of directly leapfrogging to the most advanced switch equipment had a profound impact, because it led to both heavy reliance on foreign MNCs and the pursuance of switch research and development (R&D) by domestic research institutes and new technology companies. The dominance of foreign MNCs is challenged during the growth stage, because several domestic companies ascended and gained the capability to produce large‐scale, stored program controls and the government directly leveraged support in R&D, marketing, and finance. Although many uncompetitive domestic companies failed during the filtration stage, the management training received from foreign MNCs and newly available financing options provided necessary resources for some domestic companies to survive and expand. Domestic leaders globalized their marketing, production, and R&D functions and to become MNCs themselves in the globalization stage, thus finalizing the catching‐up.
Social implications
The Chinese experiences shed light on late‐industrialization for other developing economies by suggesting that to catch‐up in high‐tech industries, government can become involved strategically to form a competitive and efficient market environment for innovation.
Originality/value
The paper proposes a new conceptual framework to analyze catching‐up of domestic companies as latecomers. This framework can be used to study catching‐up in other sectors in late‐industrializing countries.
Details
Keywords
The purpose of this paper is to review the prosecution by US authorities of Zhongxing Telecommunication Equipment (ZTE) Corporation for its violation of sanctions against the sale…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review the prosecution by US authorities of Zhongxing Telecommunication Equipment (ZTE) Corporation for its violation of sanctions against the sale of systems to Iran and North Korea; the violation of the plea agreement; and, following presidential intervention, the imposition of a further fine and restructuring of its management.
Design/methodology/approach
An analysis of the materials used in court proceedings and speeches by officials in the case against ZTE
Findings
The US president intervened in a quasi-judicial matter in which a foreign firm had violated US sanctions that he had supported to lessen the penalties it faced. The firm had also violated its plea agreement. This personal intervention weakened enforcement of US sanctions on human rights and weapons of mass destruction (WMD). However, it revealed the excessive reliance of Chinese manufacturers on US-domiciled suppliers of semiconductors and software.
Research limitations/implications
Neither was access to Chinese documents possible nor would it have been practicable to interview managers at ZTE.
Practical implications
Enforcement of US sanctions on the sale of telecommunications equipment have now been moved from strict enforcement on matters of human rights and WMD into political, trade and even personal negotiations with the US president.
Originality/value
A first analysis of a telecommunications sanctions case.
Details
Keywords
Yunqi Chen, Yusen Xu and Qingguo Zhai
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the knowledge management functions of corporate universities and their evolution.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the knowledge management functions of corporate universities and their evolution.
Design/methodology/approach
Two Chinese corporate universities in the ICT industry were selected for the case studies. Data were collected by interviews and consulting the documents of the two corporate universities. Grounded theory was used for data analysis.
Findings
The research found that the knowledge management functions of the corporate universities encompass knowledge transfer, knowledge creation and knowledge services for intrapreneurship. The knowledge management functions of the corporate universities are enhancing with the development of the corporate universities. The knowledge management functions mutually reinforce each other. The knowledge network of the corporate universities is expanding and the scope of knowledge managed is broadening.
Practical implications
Companies should make full use of corporate universities in facilitating knowledge transfer, knowledge creation and knowledge services for intrapreneurship.
Originality/value
Analyzing the knowledge management functions of corporate universities and their evolution from the perspective of knowledge network enriches research on knowledge management of corporate universities.
Details
Keywords
The purpose of this article is to analyse the weaknesses of governance institutions in constraining grand corruption arising from the government procurement of large…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this article is to analyse the weaknesses of governance institutions in constraining grand corruption arising from the government procurement of large foreign-funded infrastructure projects in the Philippines. The weaknesses are revealed in the description and analysis of two major scandals, namely, the construction of the Bataan Nuclear Power Plant during the Marcos era and the National Broadband Network project of the Arroyo presidency.
Design/methodology/approach
This research employs a historical and comparative case approach to explore patterns of grand corruption and their resolution. Primary and secondary data sources including court decisions, congressional records, journal articles and newspaper reports are used to construct the narratives for each case.
Findings
Top-level executive agreements that do not require competitive public bidding provide an opportunity for grand corruption. Such agreements encourage the formation of corrupt rent-seeking relationships involving the selling firm, brokers, politicians and top-level government executives. Closure of cases of grand corruption is a serious problem that involves an incoherent and politically vulnerable prosecutorial and justice system.
Originality/value
This paper aims to contribute to research on grand corruption involving the executive branch in the Philippines, particularly in the procurement of large, foreign-funded government projects. It examines allegations of improprieties in government project contracting and the politics of resolving corruption scandals through the justice system.
Details
Keywords
Lisset-Vanesa Apcho-Ccencho, Berdy-Briggitte Cuya-Velásquez, Diego Alvarado Rodríguez, María de las Mercedes Anderson-Seminario, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Alfredo Estrada-Merino and Sabina Mlodzianowska
The tension between the United States and China has not ended, despite the lengthy negotiations carried out in 2019 to appease differences and decrease protectionism over the…
Abstract
The tension between the United States and China has not ended, despite the lengthy negotiations carried out in 2019 to appease differences and decrease protectionism over the technology industry, since the trade war was producing devastating consequences for both powers and international trade. The resurgence of tension is due to two main factors, such as mutual accusations about who is to blame for the origin of COVID-19 and the use of the new 5G mobile technology by Chinese companies like ZTE and Huawei. We developed an in-depth analysis of the consequences on international prices of the technology industry and international trade due to the reappearance of the trade conflict between China and the United States. This analysis will be carried out through the application of economic theories. There is greater distrust in the technology sector, and this produces a variation in the price of the technology industry. Likewise, according to Marshall's law of demand and supply, this effect can be explained more accurately; since there was a lower demand for technological products, the digital industry will have to lower its prices to generate income.
Details
Keywords
Juan Shan and Dominique R. Jolly
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the development of high‐tech industry and the dynamics of technological learning, innovation, entrepreneurship in China through the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the development of high‐tech industry and the dynamics of technological learning, innovation, entrepreneurship in China through the telecom‐equipment industry.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper derives a number of research propositions from the literature and then uses four case studies to show how domestic firms narrow their technological gap in different stages of catch‐up and how these firms have been influenced by their innovation capabilities to catch up to the multinationals.
Findings
The major findings of the paper may be summarized as follows. First, the innovation capability and self‐developed technologies have been the key to leading domestic firms in catching‐up with the MNCs. Second, leading domestic firms mainly depend on in‐house R&D development, supplemented with external alliance to build their innovation capability. Third, there are two different catching‐up patterns in China's telecom‐equipment industry. One is “path‐following” catching‐up in global system for mobile communication driven by using new technology in low‐end market. The other is “leapfrogging” catching‐up in the development of phone digital switches and China's own 3G standard (time division – synchronous code division multiple access). However, it seems that the leapfrogging strategy will meet more challenges and problems than the path‐following strategy.
Originality/value
Based on the previous researches about technological learning, innovation and catch‐up in the newly industrializing economies, the paper provides a comprehensive elaboration in Chinese telecommunication industry by using case study approach in an original way.
Details
Keywords
Pragmatism will be to the forefront in the early implementation of the Phase One trade agreement between the two countries that came into effect in mid-February. At the same time…
Details
DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB251770
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
Raphael Lissillour and Javier Alfonso Rodriguez-Escobar
Balancing exploration and exploitation is a strategic challenge for technology-based companies striving to successfully implement ambidexterity in rapidly changing markets. This…
Abstract
Purpose
Balancing exploration and exploitation is a strategic challenge for technology-based companies striving to successfully implement ambidexterity in rapidly changing markets. This study aims to look at the extent in which corporate universities can be instrumental in the cross-functional deployment of the resources, capabilities and experience needed to achieve organizational ambidexterity.
Design/methodology/approach
This study is the result of a single case study of ZTE University in China. Data from archives, direct observations, and semi-open interviews have been triangulated and analyzed with pattern matching technique.
Findings
This study analyzed the development of capabilities allowing the strategic combinations of exploration and exploitation, and to clearly witness how the corporate university was dynamically linked with those development.
Originality/value
The empirical results offer new insights on the most relevant capabilities for technology-based companies and notably those that are more likely to be exploited through a corporate university.
Details
Keywords
Jeffery C.C. Lo, B.F. Jia, Z. Liu, J. Zhu and S.W. Ricky Lee
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the lead‐free solder joint reliability of a variety of surface mount components assembled onto printed circuit boards (PCBs) under a…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the lead‐free solder joint reliability of a variety of surface mount components assembled onto printed circuit boards (PCBs) under a number of different tests.
Design/methodology/approach
Lead‐free solder with a composition of Sn96.5‐Ag3.0‐Cu0.5 was used in a surface mount reflow process. Different types of surface mount dummy components with a daisy chain, such as CBGAs, BGAs, PLCCs, CSPs, and QFNs, were assembled onto PCBs. Both the mechanical and thermo‐mechanical reliability of the solder joints were evaluated by several tests. The experiments included package shear, package pull, three‐point bending and accelerated thermal cycling testing for 2,000 cycles. The packages were examined by X‐ray and C‐SAM before the reliability tests were carried out. The maximum load and the corresponding load‐displacement curve were recorded in the mechanical test.
Findings
The results from the mechanical tests show the major failure mode is on the copper pad. Weibull analysis shows that the characteristic lives of most packages are between 1,100 and 2,400 cycles. For the CBGA, the characteristic life of 96 cycles is relatively short, due to the serious CTE mismatch. Cross‐section inspection shows failures occur at the solder joint. Copper pad failure is also observed.
Originality/value
This paper provides both the mechanical and thermal‐mechanical reliability of lead‐free solder joints. The experimental data are very useful in the lead‐free SMT industries.
Details