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Article
Publication date: 16 December 2024

Zhimin Liang, Xinyu Zhao, Yunjia Li, Yuzhong Rao, Kehong Wang and Xiaobing Wang

Adding Pd element to Au wire can improve the reliability of Au-Al bonding, but the mechanism of Pd element has not been well revealed so far. The purpose of this study is to…

Abstract

Purpose

Adding Pd element to Au wire can improve the reliability of Au-Al bonding, but the mechanism of Pd element has not been well revealed so far. The purpose of this study is to reveal in more detail the mechanism of the role of Pd elements in Au/Al bonding.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the microstructure changes and tensile data of 99.99% (4N) gold wire and 99% (2N) gold wire with 1 at % Pd were compared through high-temperature thermal aging treatment of the specimens, so as to explore the influence mechanism of Pd element on Au-Al bonding reliability.

Findings

The addition of Pd element effectively reduces the thickness of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) layer and strengthens the fracture tension and reliability. Compared with the 4N specimen, the average thickness of the IMCs layer of the 2N specimen under the same conditions is reduced by 1 µm, and the tensile value of the 2N specimen is increased by 1−3 g. Stored at 200°C for 200 h, the failure rate of bond point of 4N specimen reached 94.64%, and that of 2N specimen was 20%, with a difference of 4.73 times.

Originality/value

Through comparative analysis of the data, this study found that the doping of Pd element in Au-Al IMCs in the early stage slowed down the growth rate of the IMCs, and the precipitation of Pd element in the late stage to form a better Pd-rich layer hindered the element mutual diffusion behavior between Au and Al.

Details

Soldering & Surface Mount Technology, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0954-0911

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 6 June 2023

Yunjia Wang and Qianli Zhang

It is of great significance to study the influence of subgrade filling on permafrost temperature field in permafrost area for the smooth construction and safe operation of…

Abstract

Purpose

It is of great significance to study the influence of subgrade filling on permafrost temperature field in permafrost area for the smooth construction and safe operation of railway.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper builds up the model for the hydrothermal coupling calculation of permafrost using finite element software COMSOL to study how permafrost temperature field changes in the short term after subgrade filling, on which basis it proposes the method of calculation for the concave distortion of freezing front in the subgrade-covered area.

Findings

The results show that the freezing front below the subgrade center sinks due to the thermal effect of subgrade filling, which will trigger hydrothermal erosion in case of sufficient moisture inflows, leading to the thawing settlement or the cracking of the subgrade, etc. The heat output of soil will be hindered the most in case of July filling, in which case the sinking and the distortion of the freezing front is found to be the most severe, which the recovery of the permafrost temperature field, the slowest, constituting the most unfavorable working condition. The concave distortion of the freezing front in the subgrade area increases with the increase in temperature difference between the filler and ground surface, the subgrade height, the subgrade width and the volumetric thermal capacity of filler, while decreases with the increase of the thermal conductivity of filler. Therefore, the filler chose for engineering project shall be of small volumetric thermal capacity, low initial temperature and high thermal conductivity whenever possible.

Originality/value

The concave distortion of the freezing front under different working conditions at different times after filling can be calculated using the method proposed.

Details

Railway Sciences, vol. 2 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2755-0907

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 21 January 2025

Yunjia Chi, Lin Jiang, Yixuan Zeng and Xuchen Bai

Family cues are widely used in interactive marketing because they appeal to a broad demographic, engaging consumers across different ages and life stages. This research aims to…

Abstract

Purpose

Family cues are widely used in interactive marketing because they appeal to a broad demographic, engaging consumers across different ages and life stages. This research aims to investigate whether and how family motivation, induced by exposure to family-related cues in marketing, influences consumers’ self-control behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

Seven studies – including one field experiment, five online experiments and one study analyzing secondary data – robustly support the hypothesis that family motivation enhances self-control by fostering a stronger future orientation. The main effect was tested through both field and online experiments. The mediating role of future orientation was explored using measured mediation as well as a process-manipulation approach. Additionally, we identified a boundary condition for this effect. Finally, real-world evidence for the proposed relationship was demonstrated through an analysis of secondary data from a large-scale, nationwide general social survey.

Findings

This research shows that family motivation enhances future orientation, which in turn promotes self-control. Furthermore, this relationship is moderated by a live-in-the-moment belief.

Practical implications

Marketing appeals emphasizing family should be directed toward services and products that are not seen as indulgent. Furthermore, we provide policymakers with a simpler alternative to traditional long-term self-control training by promoting self-control behavior through the activation of family motivation.

Originality/value

To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first to examine the impact of family motivation on consumer behavior. We also contribute to the self-control literature by identifying a new antecedent to self-control.

Details

Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-7122

Keywords

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