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The purpose of this study is to explore organizational factors that act as antecedents of open innovation search. The authors aim to empirically examine whether the extent to which the organizational slack is absorbed determines its influence on firms’ openness in innovation search. In addition, the authors also examine the moderating effect of absorptive capacity on the relationship between slack and open innovation search.

This study adopted secondary data from multiple sources (NBER, Compustat and US census) and then constructed a ten-year balanced panel dataset of 298 manufacturers. The generalized least square method was used to explore the determinants of open innovation search among manufacturing firms.

The results of this study reveal that the absorption level of organizational slack indeed determines the openness in innovation search. Specifically, absorbed slack negatively affects a firm’s openness in innovation search, whereas unabsorbed slack promotes open innovation search. Additionally, the relationship between absorbed slack and open innovation search will be less negative with the increase of absorptive capacity.

Different from most previous studies that have examined the performance effect of open search among high-tech and large enterprises, this study focuses on the antecedents of open search strategy in both high- and low-tech, large and small firms. The findings reveal that different forms of organizational slack divergently influence a firm’s open search strategy, contributing to the understanding of the relationship between organizational slack and knowledge search behavior in a broader context, as well as the understanding of the moderating effect of absorptive capacity.

The purpose of this study is to map different kinds of tensions in product innovation and investigate how top managers use communication to shape subordinates' attention and thereby respond to these tensions.

This study adopted an embedded case study of four innovation centers within a Nordic multinational firm.

This study identifies three kinds of tensions that reside in product innovation, namely dilemma, paradox and trade-off. Further, this study reveals how joint attention (among top managers and subordinates) as a response to tensions can be achieved through different aggregates of top managers' communication efforts.

In opening the black box of tensions in product innovation and identifying multiple tensions, this study contributes to advancing the understanding of the attention-based view. Different from previous studies that simply consider communication as channels for information processing, the findings indicate that the contents and practices of communication can help top managers to shape subordinates' attention and thereby respond to tensions. This study also extends the research focus of attention from top managers to the whole organization, by revealing the importance of building a joint pattern of attention among top managers and subordinates.

This paper tests which theoretical perspective(s) can better explain firms’ external knowledge search behavior. Information processing and resource-based view theories propose a positive relationship between environmental turbulence and knowledge search breadth, whereas transaction cost economics and managerial attention theoretical perspectives posit that knowledge search breadth will be negatively influenced by environmental turbulence. In the context of Chinese small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), this study examines the direct effect of environmental turbulence and the interactive effect of environmental turbulence and absorptive capacity (ACAP) on external knowledge search breadth.

This study adopted firm-level data collected via questionnaires from SMEs within the manufacturing sector in China. The partial least squares method was used to explore the determinants of the external knowledge search breadth of Chinese SMEs.

The results reveal that external search breadth tends to increase with an increase in a firm’s perceived environmental turbulence. In addition, the interaction between ACAP and environmental turbulence will be negatively related to external knowledge search breadth. The empirical evidence indicates information processing and resource-based view theories are more powerful in explaining the external knowledge search behavior of Chinese SMEs.

Unlike most of the innovation search literature, which have focused on the effect on performance of external search, this study focuses on the antecedents of firms’ innovation search behavior. The study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between environmental turbulence and knowledge search breadth as well as the understanding of the influence of ACAP on external knowledge search in the context of SMEs from emerging economies.

The paper aims to transfer the item image of a given clothing product to a corresponding area of the user image. Existing classical methods suffer from unconstrained deformation of clothing and occlusion caused by hair or poses, which leads to loss of details in the try-on results. In this paper, the authors present a details-oriented virtual try-on network (DO-VTON), which allows synthesizing high-fidelity try-on images with preserved characteristics of target clothing.

The proposed try-on network consists of three modules. The fashion parsing module (FPM) is designed to generate the parsing map of a reference person image. The geometric matching module (GMM) warps the input clothing and matches it with the torso area of the reference person guided by the parsing map. The try-on module (TOM) generates the final try-on image. In both FPM and TOM, attention mechanism is introduced to obtain sufficient features, which enhances the performance of characteristics preservation. In GMM, a two-stage coarse-to-fine training strategy with a grid regularization loss (GR loss) is employed to optimize the clothing warping.

In this paper, the authors propose a three-stage image-based virtual try-on network, DO-VTON, that aims to generate realistic try-on images with extensive characteristics preserved.

The authors’ proposed algorithm can provide a promising tool for image based virtual try-on.

The authors’ proposed method is a technology for consumers to purchase favored clothes online and to reduce the return rate in e-commerce.

Therefore, the authors’ proposed algorithm can provide a promising tool for image based virtual try-on.

The purpose of this paper is to show how shape analysis and quantitative characterization of fiber cross sections, with the aid of image analysis techniques, provide a quick, powerful approach to automated profiled fiber identification.

In this paper, an effective method of cross‐sectional shape characterization for profiled fiber identification is reported with extraction of the distance fluctuation curve of fiber cross‐sectional boundary to the centroid. By calculating their cross‐correlations using signal processing techniques, the authors tackle the problem of calibrating the starting points of fiber objects orientated arbitrarily in image successfully, which are difficult to deal with by means of image processing, to finish the normalization of distance fluctuation curves. For two fiber cross‐sections, the similarity degree of their boundary fluctuation curves normalized can effectively reflect the similarity degree of themselves.

Based on this, the method presented extracts the curves of all fiber cross‐sections in one sample, compares the similarity degrees between each other, and creates clusters to identify profiled fiber.

Experimental results validate that this curve can effectively characterize profiled fiber cross‐sectional contour for profiled fiber identification and the normalization method is feasible.

The automatic body measurement is the key of tailoring, mass customization and fit/ease evaluation. The major challenges include finding the landmarks and extracting the sizes accurately. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new method of body measurement based on the loop structure.

The scanned human model is sliced equally to layers consist of various shapes of loops. The semantic feature analysis has been regarded as a problem of finding the points of interest (POI) and the loop of interest (LOI) according to the types of loop connections. Methods for determining the basic landmarks have been detailed.

The experimental results validate that the proposed methods can be used to locate the landmarks and to extract sizes on markless human scans robustly and efficiently.

With the method, the body measurement can be quickly performed with average errors around 0.5 cm. The results of segmentation, landmarking and body measurements also validate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed methods.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the draping behavior of a scanned garment model in irregular and regular mesh topology. 3D garment with high fidelity can be obtained via range data scanning. The original output of a body scanner is an unorganized points cloud. In this paper, the geometrical surface of 3D garment is reconstructed through a series of treatments.

The primary target of this work is to investigate the dynamic behavior of the corresponding physical model transferred from different mesh topologies. A mass‐spring model is constructed for both regular and irregular meshes. The performance under various integration methods is evaluated.

Experimental results reveal the procedure of regularization is suitable for the integrators that are sensitive to the physically‐based simulation of scanned garments.

The geometrical surface of 3D garment is reconstructed through a series of treatments solving the problem of points cloud data for high definition 3D data.

In order to obtain visually appealing simulation results with smooth cloth surfaces, high resolution meshes are required. Since cloth simulation with high resolution meshes is very time consuming, subdivision of a reusable model is preferred. The purpose of this paper is to adopt an approach for the subdivision of a reusable model, using different subdivision methods.

In order to obtain visually pleasing reusable garment model, the authors subdivide the model after the conversion to reusable garment model. Two meshes are employed, of which the coarse mesh is used to convert to deformable model while the subdivided mesh, i.e. the refined mesh, is for pleasing modeling results. The modified loop subdivision and modified butterfly subdivision scheme is adopted for the optimization of determining which is more suitable for the reusable model. The authors adopt an algorithm for resolving the collisions happened after the subdivision.

A 3D reusable garment model obtained from previous work was tested. The experimental results validate this method as a useful and effective approach to resolve collisions after the subdivision process.

The paper presents an approach for the subdivision of a reusable model, using different subdivision methods.

Reusability of geometric model is of essential importance in garment simulation since in reality, the same garment dressed on different human bodies will exhibit different draping results. Due to the multiplicity of a garment which can be dressed on various human bodies, it is necessary to reuse a given geometrical garment model in the cyberspace, the purpose of this paper is to explore this. This requires the technique of converting a geometrical model to a physically‐based model to predict the dressing result.

In this paper, a 3D garment model obtained from range data scanning is reconstructed as a mass‐spring system driven by the first order backward Euler integrator. The penetration of dressing onto the given avatars is compensated through an AABB accelerated collision detection and response scheme.

This paper implements efficient techniques resolving intersection for cloth simulation. Two stages are selected for handling the collision. The first stage is trying to prevent collision from happening in the first stage, and the second stage is to deal with actual intersections. This two‐stage approach eliminates almost all collision in the first stage, leaving only a few collisions for the second stage. Results obtained with this approach, in the case of dressing garments on different avatars are presented and validate the conversion method from geometric model to deformable one.

The experimental results validate this method as a useful and effective approach to exhibit draping behavior on various human body shapes accordingly.

Currently, a common method of reconstructing mannequin is based on the body measurements or body features, which only preserve the body size lacking of the accurate body geometric shape information. However, the same human body measurement does not equal to the same body shape. This may result in an unfit garment for the target human body. The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel scanning-based pipeline to reconstruct the personalized mannequin, which preserves both body size and body shape information.

The authors first capture the body of a subject via 3D scanning, and a statistical body model is fit to the scanned data. This results in a skinned articulated model of the subject. The scanned body is then adjusted to be pose-symmetric via linear blending skinning. The mannequin part is then extracted. Finally, a slice-based method is proposed to generate a shape-symmetric 3D mannequin.

A personalized 3D mannequin can be reconstructed from the scanned body. Compared to conventional methods, the method can preserve both the size and shape of the original scanned body. The reconstructed mannequin can be imported directly into the apparel CAD software. The proposed method provides a step for digitizing the apparel manufacturing.

Compared to the conventional methods, the main advantage of the authors’ system is that the authors can preserve both size and geometry of the original scanned body. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: decompose the process of the mannequin reconstruction into pose symmetry and shape symmetry; propose a novel scanning-based pipeline to reconstruct a 3D personalized mannequin; and present a slice-based method for the symmetrization of the 3D mesh.