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Launching a new product successfully in a multi-brand portfolio is one of the major challenges a pharmaceutical marketer faces. This study aims to examine the role of detailing of new brands on physicians’ prescription behaviour as compared to established brands. Further, the study explores mediating role of detailing priority and detailing time on the relationship between detailing of new versus established brands and physician’s prescription behaviour.

This study was conducted as a real-world observational study involving field research. In total, 338 physicians, 90 PSRs and 44 field managers participated in this study. A serial mediation model (Hayes, Model 6) was used to examine the relationship. Regression analysis with bootstrapping was used to test the hypotheses.

Detailing of new versus established brands has a differential effect on physicians’ prescription behaviour. In addition, this relationship is serially mediated by detailing priority and detailing time.

Results suggest that detailing priority and detailing time positively and significantly alter the relationship between the detailing of new brands and physicians’ prescription behaviour as compared to established brands. While, in the absence of mediators, established brands generate higher prescriptions than new brands, the serial mediating effect helps new brands to generate more prescriptions as compared to established brands.

This research highlights the importance of detailing priority and detailing time for the successful launch of the new products. It presents compelling evidence for practicing managers to effectively use a “predetermined detailing plan” vis-à-vis “individualized detailing strategy” during the launch of a new brand.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the role of detailing priority and detailing time as mediators between the relationship of detailing and physicians’ prescription behaviour. This is also one of the rare studies to use real-world observational study methodology for conducting research.

This study aims to use whiteness (WI) and yellowness indices (YI) that were calculated from the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) color parameter to evaluate the efficiency of some triazole fungicides [propiconazole (C₁₅H₁₇Cl₂N₃O₂) and tebuconazole (C₁₆H₂₂ClN₃O)] to protect wooden artifacts from fungal deterioration.

Archeological wooden samples were collected from some historical Islamic buildings in Cairo, Egypt. Three species of fungi were identified in previous work. Propiconazole and tebuconazole with different concentrations treated the infected wooden samples aged for different periods. WI and YI of studied samples were measured using UV spectrophotometer. Calibration and uncertainty estimation accompanied by color measurement were studied.

Studying the uncertainty sources of diffuse reflection of the standard white tiles revealed that the uncertainty of calibration for both the spectrophotometer and white tiles had the highest contribution. The treated samples with tebuconazole and propiconazole fungicides gave good resistance against fungal deterioration at 0.50% for WI and YI.

This study presents the importance of colorimetry in the conservation field because they are considered one of the most important criteria to evaluate conservation materials. From color measurements and their uncertainties, it became clear that triazole fungicides have good efficiency in the protection of wooden artifacts from fungal deterioration. The value of this study is that propiconazole and tebuconazole fungicides at 0.50% can be applied to archaeological wood that is endangered to improper conditions, especially in the case of high levels of relative humidity.

Traditional Korean buildings do not differ significantly in form or structural style according to era or building type. The authors interpret this from a generative rather than a typological perspective. The generation perspective considers factors forming the buildings and is connected to the prevailing thoughts of the era.

This study analyzes the generation method of seowon facilities in the Joseon Dynasty (1392–1897), focusing on the Dosan Seowon. Based on Koreans' long-term thinking, the authors applied the extracted architectural space generation layers for analysis, and present an integrated method of generation layers when the Dosan Seowon was built.

The immanent, physical and body perceptual layers presented for seowon formation analysis are represented by thought, form and territory. Specific aspects of these layers in the Dosan Seowon are analyzed, including the architectural arrangement that connects the land conditions with neo-Confucian courtesy and order, the collective architectural form considering the energy of yin and yang, and the elements of objects that affect the human body perception. This form of architecture was closely linked with and strongly influenced by monistic philosophy.

After the Korean War, architects judged traditional buildings only by shapes, and quickly accepted Western architecture's forms. Presenting a generative perspective of traditional Korean architecture expands the theoretical research direction of modern succession.

This is the first attempt to examine the generation method based on the Dosan Seowon's generation layers.

The primary objective was to develop a user-centered mobile health application (app) tailored to the specific health information needs of among immigrant women from diverse backgrounds in Korea.

In-depth interviews were conducted with 24 immigrant women to gain insights into their health information-seeking behavior. Based on the findings, a mobile app was designed and developed. A beta version of the app underwent validation by an MD and seven expert reviewers who assessed the app for content accuracy and conformance to mobile heuristics. Last, immigrant women (n = 12) evaluated the usability of the app.

The study revealed that the interviewed immigrant women had strong health information needs related to pregnancy and parenting. Most of them used multiple sources to find and verify health information. Language barriers were identified as a major obstacle to accessing and evaluating health information. The results of the user test indicated that the app effectively facilitated study participants' search for reliable health information, meeting their specific needs.

This research extended the literature by addressing the limited availability of mobile apps tailored to the health information needs of immigrant women in Korea.

By incorporating multilingual support and focusing on pregnancy and parenting information, the health app serves as a valuable tool to bridge the gap in health information access and to facilitate the well-being of immigrant women in the country.

This study uncovers the challenges and coping mechanisms related to stigma and discrimination experienced by gay professional team sport athletes.

Utilizing interpretive phenomenological analysis, this study recruited six gay athletes in professional team sports. Data were collected through virtual one-on-one semi-structured interviews, along with field notes and reflexive journaling, and were thematically analyzed.

The first theme highlights the discrimination and marginalization experienced by gay athletes in professional team sports, as well as the perceived differences between these athletes and their heterosexual counterparts. The second theme includes anecdotes illustrating their experiences of exclusion, along with counter-stories that resist marginalization. The last theme comprises stories that underscore the lack of acceptance and advocacy, emphasizing the awareness education aimed at making the sporting realm more inclusive.

Despite the extensive recruiting efforts for this study, numerous sports and countries remain unexplored. Follow-up studies are required to fill this gap. As this study was initiated, additional research is needed to provide information on athletes who are still in the closet. Cross-comparisons between gay athletes and their heterosexual teammates can help bridge the gap in perspectives.

Participants emphasized collective efforts in creating inclusive and welcoming environments for gay athletes, including anti-discrimination policies related to language use, showers and relocation adjustments.

Participants have put forth concrete recommendations for enhancing inclusivity within team sport environments and society at large, including proposals for early educational initiatives within the school systems.

This is the first empirical study that focuses on the experiences of gay professional team sport athletes.

The purpose is to investigate the impact of the value co-creation behaviour of parents on a set of education service outcomes, including perceived school reputation, parent satisfaction and teacher competence.

An online survey of 932 parents of primary and secondary school children was conducted. Canonical correlation analysis (general linear model) was used to test the impact of parental involvement in value co-creation behaviour on education service outcomes.

Value co-creation behaviour has a positive impact on education service outcomes, but the impact differs depending on the type of behaviour. Parent citizenship behaviour positively affects satisfaction, school reputation and perceived teacher competence. However, parent participation behaviour positively affects satisfaction with the school and perceived teacher competence.

The study used self-reported data from parents, which may be biased and subject to errors. Future research could use more objective measures such as administrative records or teacher reports. The study's results are limited to one country, highlighting the need for further research in multiple countries.

The study's findings have implications for education service providers in terms of the importance of supporting parental involvement in their child's school life via value co-creation behaviour.

The study contributes to the service dominant logic, value co-creation theory and educational marketing literature by providing the detailed empirical evidences of parents' value co-creation outcomes in the context of the primary and secondary schools.

This study aims to explore the information needs of Chinese parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and how these needs evolve as their children develop.

This study collated 17,122 questions regarding raising children with ASD via the Yi Lin website until November 2021.

The information needs of parents of children with ASD were classified into two categories: 1) Cognition-motivation: related to children with ASD; and 2) Affection-motivation: related to their parents. Child development causes the adaptation of information needs of these parents. Within the first three years, nine different topics of these parents' information needs were identified. Major information needs at this stage are as follows: intervention content, intervention methods and pre-diagnosis questions. During the ages of three to six years, there were 13 topics of information needs for parents, focusing on three areas: intervention content, intervention methods and diagnosis and examination. There are eight topics of information needs post six years. Parents are more concerned with the three topics of intervention content, life planning and intervention methods.

This novel study indicates the complex and changing information needs of parents of children with ASD in China. It may enhance the understanding of the information needs of these parents at theoretical and practical levels, provide support for them to understand their own information needs and provide a reference for relevant government and social organisations to provide targeted information services for them.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-04-2022-0247

It is imperative to achieve sustainable growth in farmers' earnings to sustain poverty alleviation efforts and achieve rural revitalization goals. The authors investigated the nature of the non-linear relationship between farmers' e-commerce participation and income growth, analyzed the rationale behind this correlation and examined the moderating effect of digital finance on this relationship.

The authors conducted an empirical investigation using rural household data from the China Household Finance Survey and the regional digital finance index compiled by Peking University. The authors employed a fixed-effect model and a moderating effect model to identify the non-linear influences of e-commerce participation on farmers' income and to analyze the positive synergies of digital finance. The authors used identification and estimation techniques to mitigate the endogeneity problem, specifically employing heteroscedasticity-based instruments.

There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between e-commerce participation and farmers' income. Digital finance reduces the declining trend in the marginal effects of e-commerce and increases marginal values. Furthermore, the synergistic effect can promote the quality and efficiency of business activities by easing credit constraints, reducing risk aversion and stimulating innovative activities, which in turn can lead to sustained revenue growth.

Few studies have focused on the non-linear relationship between e-commerce and farmers' income. This implies that achieving sustained income growth using e-commerce alone is difficult. The synergy between e-commerce and digital finance is a feasible path for achieving this goal.

Peer-to-Peer Accommodation Service (P2PAS) has emerged as a novel paradigm that enables consumers to book temporary accommodation through P2PAS platforms (online transaction), and then reside in hosts' rooms (offline consumption). Due to potential variance in performance and conflict of interest between hosts and platforms, consumers may differ in their trust perceptions of the two parties, which in turn affects consumers' continuous usage of P2PAS. To this end, the authors endeavor to unravel the effect of consumers' trust incongruence on continuance intention, and to further elucidate the moderating influence of transaction and consumption risks on this relationship. This paper aims to discuss the aforementioned objectives.

This study collected data through an online survey of 408 P2PAS consumers. Polynomial modeling and response surface analysis were conducted to validate the hypothesized relationships.

Response surface analysis reveals that trust incongruence did not significantly affect consumers' continuance intention. However, continuance intention would be greater when TP was higher than TH compared with when TH was higher than TP. Furthermore, the analytical results suggest that trust incongruence exerts greater negative effect on continuance intention when transaction and consumption risks were high.

First, the study marks a paradigm shift in conceptualizing the incongruence between TP and TH as a determinant of consumers' continuance intention toward P2PAS. Second, the authors derive a typology of risks that is contextualized to P2PAS. Finally, the authors establish transaction and consumption risks as boundary conditions influencing the effects of trust incongruence on consumers' continuance intention toward P2PAS.

This study aims to propose a series of numerical and surrogate models to investigate the aerodynamic pressure inside cracks in high-speed railway tunnel linings and to predict the stress intensity factors (SIFs) at the crack tip.

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is used to calculate the aerodynamic pressure exerted on two cracked surfaces. The simulation uses the viscous unsteady κ-ε turbulence model. Using this CFD model, the spatial and temporal distribution of aerodynamic pressure inside longitudinal, oblique and circumferential cracks are analyzed. The mechanism behind the pressure variation in tunnel lining cracks is revealed by the air density field. Furthermore, a response surface model (RSM) is proposed to predict the maximum SIF at the crack tip of circumferential cracks and analyze its influential parameters.

The initial compression wave amplifies and oscillates in cracks in tunnel linings, resulting from an increase in air density at the crack front. The maximum pressure in the circumferential crack is 2.27 and 1.76 times higher than that in the longitudinal and oblique cracks, respectively. The RSM accurately predicts the SIF at the crack tip of circumferential cracks. The SIF at the crack tip is most affected by variations in train velocities, followed by the depth and length of the cracks.

The mechanism behind the variation of aerodynamic pressure in tunnel lining cracks is revealed. In addition, a reliable surrogate model is proposed to predict the mechanical response of the crack tip under aerodynamic pressures.