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This paper aims to provide a framework of the supervised hyperspectral classification, to study the traditional flowchart of hyperspectral image (HIS) analysis and processing. HSI technology has been proposed for many years, and the applications of this technology were promoted by technical advancements.

First, the properties and current situation of hyperspectral technology are summarized. Then, this paper introduces a series of common classification approaches. In addition, a comparison of different classification approaches on real hyperspectral data is conducted. Finally, this survey presents a discussion on the classification results and points out the classification development tendency.

The core of this survey is to review of the state of the art of the classification for hyperspectral images, to study the performance and efficiency of certain implementation measures and to point out the challenges still exist.

The study categorized the supervised classification for hyperspectral images, demonstrated the comparisons among these methods and pointed out the challenges that still exist.

The increasing adoption of digital technologies such as social media have changed the way consumers share knowledge about products and services among each other. The aim of this paper is to test what factors drive customers to share knowledge about products and services on social media pages.

A quantitative survey design was employed for this study. Empirical data were drawn from 358 consumers in Italy, using a purposive sampling technique. The hypothesised relationships were tested using ordinary least squares regression modelling.

The results of this study reveal that the usage frequency of online reviews (UFORs), social bonds (SBs), subjective happiness (SH) and reciprocity positively impact on customer knowledge sharing (CKS). By contrast, the perceived usefulness of online reviews (PUORs), helping others, customer susceptibility to interpersonal influence (CSII) and informational (INFO) do not impact CKS.

To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is amongst the first to empirically test the antecedents of knowledge-sharing behaviours about products and services on online social media. The present work offers relevant implications for theory. First, the work enriches the customer knowledge management (CKM) theory by providing empirical evidence on factors leading to the higher sharing of knowledge amongst customers. Second, the work adds to the literature on social media, demonstrating the individual determinants on knowledge-sharing behaviours about products and services in online communities. Practically speaking, this paper identifies some key elements driving CKS in social media conversations. Thus, building upon the findings of this study, the authors provide some guidelines for social media managers and retailers for promoting CKS on social media pages.

The purpose of this paper is to present a framework for intellectual capital (IC) disclosure in cross-cultural E-tourism which includes identifying key success factors, as well as selecting indicators in operational level.

The method described in this paper involves IC process model initiating from strategy formulation, following key success factors analyst by using a detailed interpretative structural model (ISM) instrument, and the indicators selection employing Delphi approach. The paper explicates methodological decisions associated with cross-cultural E-tourism context: selecting the appropriate specialists panel; the approach to data collection; and selecting the measurable indicators.

This paper proposes three critical components of the framework: key success factors that based on an organization's strategies and contexts; indicators that measure and monitor the value of IC; an IC model that can help cross-cultural E-tourism enterprise improve management effectively.

This paper extends the methodology developed previously to examine IC information in tourism enterprise. The paper introduces an alternative methodological paradigm to the study of IC measurement framework by employing the ISM. This exploratory study employs IC process model to build up cross-cultural E-tourism IC model, which is a start point for the value and performance research of this kind of enterprise.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the deposition of SS–Al transitional wall using the wire arc directed energy deposition (WA-DED) process with a Cu interlayer. This study also aims to analyse the metallographic properties of the SS–Cu and Al–Cu interfaces and their mechanical properties.

The study used transitional deposition of SS–Al material over each other by incorporating Cu as interlayer between the two. The scanning electron microscope analysis, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffractometer analysis, tensile testing and micro-hardness measurement were performed to investigate the interface characteristics and mechanical properties of the SS–Al transitional wall.

The study discovered that the WA-DED process with a Cu interlayer worked well for the deposition of SS–Al transitional walls. The formation of solid solutions of Fe–Cu and Fe–Si was observed at the SS–Cu interface rather than intermetallic compounds (IMCs), according to the metallographic analysis. On the other hand, three different IMCs were formed at the Al–Cu interface, namely, Al–Cu, Al₂Cu and Al₄Cu₉. The study also observed the formation of a lamellar structure of Al and Al₂Cu at the hypereutectic phase. The mechanical testing revealed that the Al–Cu interface failed without significant deformation, i.e. < 4.73%, indicating the brittleness of the interface.

The study identified the formation of HCP–Fe at the SS–Cu interface, which has not been previously reported in additive manufacturing literature. Furthermore, the study observed the formation of a lamellar structure of Al and Al2Cu phase at the hypereutectic phase, which has not been previously reported in SS–Al transitional wall deposition.