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Book part
Publication date: 25 May 2022

Hasan Dincer, Serhat Yüksel, Hüsne Karakuş and Hakan Kalkavan

Carbon emission is one of the most important issues threatening the existence of the world. Mostly carbon emission induced climate change disrupts human and nature balance. Carbon…

Abstract

Carbon emission is one of the most important issues threatening the existence of the world. Mostly carbon emission induced climate change disrupts human and nature balance. Carbon emission occurs as a result of practices that are dependent on human activities or not. One of the actors causing carbon emissions is production companies. The companies are working toward reducing carbon emissions. However, although these efforts reduce carbon emissions in the short term, carbon emissions continue in the long term. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the importance of carbon emission in terms of sustainable economic development. Depending on this purpose, production companies in Chile were included in the scope of research for 1990–2019. Based on these data, the study has been tested by Toda Yamamoto causality analysis. Result shows that carbon emissions are not the primary cause of sustainable economic development. In this context, governments need to focus on other issues that have a stronger causal relationship with sustainable economic development. However, studies should be conducted to determine the importance of other activities of companies for sustainable economic development. Hereby, the amount of carbon emission will be reduced and deficiencies in factors affecting sustainable economic development will be identified.

Details

Globalization, Income Distribution and Sustainable Development
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-870-9

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 10 July 2019

Shunqi Hou, Xiaoyu Wang, Jingjing Xiao, Yurui Zhang and Feiyang Cheng

The new Silk Road provides cross-border-e-commerce firms with an opportunity to widen their markets. Under this circumstance, the preference recognition of countries and inventory…

Abstract

The new Silk Road provides cross-border-e-commerce firms with an opportunity to widen their markets. Under this circumstance, the preference recognition of countries and inventory allocation among overseas warehouses both become critical issues to solve. Three Chinese smartphone brands, including HTC, Huawei, and MI, are selected in this chapter for their relatively enormous sales. DHgate and AliExpress websites are chosen as platforms to analyze the sales for data availability. This chapter first depicts key features of the sales and then, based on which, divide countries into several groups according to their preference for phones by cluster analysis. Then, based on the results of cluster analysis, this chapter further models the inventory assignment among the seven major overseas warehouses that were built by AliExpress in 2015. The results show that the HTC seems to be pursuing the “high value with high price” strategy, while the other two companies seem to be pursuing a hybrid strategy of “low-price” strategy and “high value with low price” strategy. This chapter also provides an assignment pattern of inventory among the overseas warehouses based on the real data of sales and costs.

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The New Silk Road Leads through the Arab Peninsula: Mastering Global Business and Innovation
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-680-4

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 10 November 2020

Mark Schaub and Garland Simmons

American depository receipts (ADRs) listed on the New York Stock Exchange during the 1990s and 2000s are compared to determine how well they performed versus the US index and…

Abstract

American depository receipts (ADRs) listed on the New York Stock Exchange during the 1990s and 2000s are compared to determine how well they performed versus the US index and respective regional indexes utilizing three-year holding period excess returns. Results suggest that ADRs listed in the 2000s perform better than those in the 1990s. Also, seasoned equity offerings performed better than initial public offerings. Regression analysis indicated the best predictors of ADR performance are the returns of the respective regional index where the ADR-listing firm is headquartered, the date of issue (2000s vs 1990s), and whether the ADR was from an emerging economy.

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Financial Issues in Emerging Economies: Special Issue Including Selected Papers from II International Conference on Economics and Finance, 2019, Bengaluru, India
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83867-960-6

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 23 August 2017

Xinbo Sun, Yi Cao, Suxiu Li and Xin Li

This chapter outlines the philosophic underpinnings of the self-management paradigm developed over the past three decades by China’s Haier Group, a global leader in white goods…

Abstract

This chapter outlines the philosophic underpinnings of the self-management paradigm developed over the past three decades by China’s Haier Group, a global leader in white goods. The successful transformation of Haier from a small resource-poor firm to a dominant global giant is often attributed to the self-management culture established in the company by its legendary leader Zhang Ruimin. This management paradigm is a function of the humbleness displayed by Mr. Zhang Ruimin and rooted in his strong belief in the traditional Chinese philosophy of I-Ching and Daoism. We show how the hexagram of Qian (“qian”: humbleness, modesty) from I-Ching is linked to Mr. Zhang’s humble approach and analyze how the six parts of the hexagram of Qian are related to the six development stages of the Haier Group. These insights are used to give some thoughts to the leadership challenge associated with the creation of a dynamic and responsive global organization.

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The Responsive Global Organization
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78714-831-4

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 28 June 2023

Babak Zamani

This chapter aims to identify, analyse, classify and rank the sustainability indices and internationalisation challenges of the footwear industry in the emerging economy of Iran…

Abstract

This chapter aims to identify, analyse, classify and rank the sustainability indices and internationalisation challenges of the footwear industry in the emerging economy of Iran. This would provide deeper decision-making insights into Iranian footwear businesses. First, a list of sustainability indices and internationalisation challenges was obtained by reviewing the literature. Then, a combination of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches was implemented. The initial sustainability indices and internationalisation challenges were screened using the fuzzy Delphi method, keeping a total of 14 criteria. The best–worst method (BWM) was employed to weigh and rank the criteria. The interpretive structural modelling (ISM) technique and cross-impact matrix applied in MICMAC were employed to visualise the conceptual model based on the levels and classification of the important criteria for the internationalisation of the Iranian footwear industry. The 14 criteria were demonstrated to be important in internationalisation. The most critical sustainability indices were reducing hazardous substances in leather tanning and labour education and training. In contrast, exchange rate instability in Iran’s economy and strict chemical regulations for clothing and footwear were found to be the most important internationalisation challenges. Hence, these criteria should be considered in the internationalisation strategies of the Iranian footwear industry. A combined multilayer sustainable decision-making approach was used to analyse the Iranian footwear industry’s essential sustainability indices and internationalisation challenges. Furthermore, implications and insights are offered to footwear businesses for future decision-making.

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Decision-Making in International Entrepreneurship: Unveiling Cognitive Implications Towards Entrepreneurial Internationalisation
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-234-1

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 10 July 2019

Jingjing Wang, Zhiqiang Li, Huanhuan Feng, Yuanjing Guo, Zhengbo Liang, Luyao Wang, Xing Wan and Yalin Wang

Recently, sharing economy is gradually accepted by people, and it has expanded from life to knowledge. It is important to encourage people to produce high quality content in…

Abstract

Recently, sharing economy is gradually accepted by people, and it has expanded from life to knowledge. It is important to encourage people to produce high quality content in knowledge sharing area, and knowledge payment is one of the most effective ways to achieve it. Therefore, the knowledge payment has been regarded as a huge business opportunity, and it is of great meaning to study the development trend and feasibility of knowledge payment. This chapter, through big data methods, analyzes the business model of Zhihu (a Chinese platform of knowledge sharing) after it introduced knowledge payment projects, such as Zhihu Live and Pay Consultation. According to data of Zhihu users’ Q&A, concerned fields and others, this chapter tries to outline its user profile to find out the target groups of different topics, the proper form of knowledge payment and the hot topics of Zhihu Live. Through the analysis of knowledge graph, this chapter finds that Zhihu Live is expected to be the mainstream knowledge payment form in the future, and the most potential topics are mainly focused on science, law, and business. Meanwhile, it establishes a pricing model for Zhihu Live, and provides suggestions for the development of knowledge payment.

Details

The New Silk Road Leads through the Arab Peninsula: Mastering Global Business and Innovation
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-680-4

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 12 November 2016

Ping He, Kun Wang and Xing Xiao

The goal of this paper is to investigate the relationship between government control and firm value in China.

Abstract

Purpose

The goal of this paper is to investigate the relationship between government control and firm value in China.

Design/methodology/approach

Government might extract social or political benefits from a state-controlled firm, thus decreases firm value. However, government’s monitoring on firm management reduces managers’ agency problem, which increases firm value. We first build a game-theoretic model to prove the existence of optimal government control given these two roles of government, and we then employ the OLS regression method to test the theory predictions using the length of intermediate ownership chains connecting the listed state-owned enterprises to their ultimate controllers as the measure of government control.

Findings

We find that firm values first increase then decrease as government control weakens. Moreover, we find that government usually retains a stronger control over state-owned enterprises than the optimal level. In addition, we show that government control can be further weakened in firms with good corporate governance mechanisms, which serve as a substitution of government monitoring.

Social implications

Our results demonstrate that government control in China is still a necessary but costly mechanism to mitigate agency costs, especially when corporate governance system is underdeveloped.

Originality/value

We identify the substitution effect between government control and corporate governance using a unique measure of government control.

Details

The Political Economy of Chinese Finance
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78560-957-2

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 1 May 2023

Bin-Hsien Lo, Lon-Fon Shieh, Yi-Cheng Shih and Min-Der Hsieh

This chapter examines the relationship between directors and officers (D&O) liability insurance and stock-price synchronicity by testing competing corporate governance-related…

Abstract

This chapter examines the relationship between directors and officers (D&O) liability insurance and stock-price synchronicity by testing competing corporate governance-related monitoring and moral hazard-related agency conflict hypotheses. Testing a sample of stocks listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange and the Taipei Exchange for 2008–2020, the empirical results of this study indicate that D&O insurance in Taiwan is negatively correlated to stock-price synchronicity. This negative relation is robust to a battery of tests, including those of fixed-effects regression models, alternative sample periods, alternative synchronicity measures, and alternative insurance measures. Further evidence indicates that this negative relationship is more pronounced among firms with greater agency problems, especially during periods of high market uncertainty. Overall, these findings support the corporate governance-related monitoring hypothesis, which posits that firms with greater D&O insurance are likelier to be characterized by better governance structures and information transparency. Additionally, their stock prices are more likely to reflect firm-specific information in a timely and precise manner, and they are more likely to have lower synchronicity with the industry and market.

Book part
Publication date: 25 January 2023

Guy Assaker and Peter O’Connor

This chapter reviews the methods available to hospitality and tourism researchers to perform moderation analysis with continuous variables in partial least squares structural…

Abstract

This chapter reviews the methods available to hospitality and tourism researchers to perform moderation analysis with continuous variables in partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), with the objective of enhancing understanding and encouraging the use of these techniques in future papers. The product term method is presented first, followed by an empirical example/application in the context of hospitality and tourism. Two extensions, namely the two-stage approach that can help cope with formative and higher-order constructs, and the orthogonalizing approach that can help generate more accurate results and overcome multicollinearity among tourism variables in the presence of a continuous moderator variable, are then presented and discussed. The chapter concludes by presenting guidelines and recommendations for improving the use of interaction effects in analyses of tourism variables, as well as highlighting ongoing developments in both the product term method and PLS-SEM software.

Details

Cutting Edge Research Methods in Hospitality and Tourism
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80455-064-9

Keywords

Content available
Book part
Publication date: 7 October 2015

Abstract

Details

Chinese Railways in the Era of High-Speed
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78441-984-4

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