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Article
Publication date: 19 June 2019

Seong-Soo Cha, Cheol Park and Xiaowu Wang

IThis study aims to investigate the effects of the consumption motivations of restaurant customers on their perception of the importance of experiential and functional restaurant…

Abstract

Purpose

IThis study aims to investigate the effects of the consumption motivations of restaurant customers on their perception of the importance of experiential and functional restaurant attributes.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 330 questionnaires were issued in China (168) and Korea (162). The resulting data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 to verify the reliability and validity of the measured variables. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses of the study.

Findings

The results showed that customers with hedonic consumption motivation were more sensitive to the experiential attributes than to the functional attributes of a restaurant. In addition, those customers with utilitarian consumption motivation were more influenced by functional attributes than by experiential attributes. However, these relationships differed between China and Korea. In China, the consumers’ hedonic motivation had a stronger relationship with functional restaurant attributes, which reflects a culture that emphasizes pragmatism.

Originality/value

This study analyzed the relationship between the motives to eat at a restaurant and the evaluation of restaurant attributes and how this differed between China and Korea, while suggesting practical implications.

Details

International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, vol. 13 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1750-6182

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 13 April 2023

Kaiyan Yang, Xiaowu Gong, Lanli Bai, Yun Zhang and Na Zhou

This study aims to prepare a low-formaldehyde and environmentally friendly glucose-lignin-based phenolic resin.

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to prepare a low-formaldehyde and environmentally friendly glucose-lignin-based phenolic resin.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors directly used lignin to substitute formaldehyde to prepare lignin-based phenolic resin (LPF) with urea as formaldehyde absorbent. To improve the performance of the adhesive, the biobased glucose was introduced and the modified glucose-LPF (GLPF) was obtained.

Findings

The results showed that when the replacing amount of lignin to formaldehyde reached 15 Wt.%, the physical properties of the prepared LPF met the Chinese national standard, and the bonding strength increased by 21.9%, from 0.75 to 0.96 MPa, compared with PF. The addition of glucose boost the performance of wood adhesive, for example, the free phenol content of the obtained GLPF was significantly reduced by 79.11%, from 5.60% to 1.17%, the bonding strength (1.19 MPa) of GLPF increased by 19.3% in comparison to LPF and the curing temperature of GLPF decreased by 13.08%.

Practical implications

The low-formaldehyde and environmentally friendly GLPF has higher bonding strength and lower curing temperature, which is profitable to industrial application.

Social implications

The prepared GLPF has lower free formaldehyde and formaldehyde emission, which is cost-effective and beneficial to human health.

Originality/value

The joint work of lignin and glucose provides the wood adhesive with increased bonding strength, decreased free phenol content and reduced curing temperature.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 24 June 2021

Rafael Kakitani, Cassio Augusto Pinto da Silva, Bismarck Silva, Amauri Garcia, Noé Cheung and José Eduardo Spinelli

Overall, selection maps about the extent of the eutectic growth projects the solidification velocities leading to given microstructures. This is because of limitations of most of…

Abstract

Purpose

Overall, selection maps about the extent of the eutectic growth projects the solidification velocities leading to given microstructures. This is because of limitations of most of the set of results when obtained for single thermal gradients within the experimental spectrum. In these cases, associations only with the solidification velocity could give the false impression that reaching a given velocity would be enough to reproduce a result. However, that velocity must necessarily be accompanied by a specific thermal gradient during transient solidification. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to not only project velocity but also include the gradients acting for each velocity.

Design/methodology/approach

Compilation of solidification velocity, v, thermal gradient, G, and cooling rate, Ṫ, data for Sn-Cu and Sn-Bi solder alloys of interest is presented. These data are placed in the form of coupled growth zones according to the correlated microstructures in the literature. In addition, results generated in this work for Sn-(0.5, 0.7, 2.0, 2.8)% Cu and Sn-(34, 52, 58)% Bi alloys solidified under non-stationary conditions are added.

Findings

When analyzing the cooling rate (Ṫ = G.v) and velocity separately, in or around the eutectic composition, a consensus cannot be reached on the resulting microstructure. The (v vs. G) + cooling rate diagrams allow comprehensive analyzes of the combined v and G effects on the subsequent microstructure of the Sn-Cu and Sn-Bi alloys.

Originality/value

The present paper is devoted to the establishment of (v vs. G) + cooling rate diagrams. These plots may allow comprehensive analyses of the combined v and G effects on the subsequent microstructure of the Sn-Cu and Sn-Bi alloys. This microstructure-processing mapping approach is promising to predict phase competition and resulting microstructures in soldering of Sn-Cu and Sn-Bi alloys. These two classes of alloys are of interest to the soldering industry, whereas manipulation of their microstructures is considered of utmost importance for the metallurgical quality of the product.

Details

Soldering & Surface Mount Technology, vol. 34 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0954-0911

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 26 January 2010

Daren Yu and Xiaowu Lv

In recent years, high‐altitude/long‐endurance airship platforms have generated great interest as a means to provide communications and surveillance capabilities. The purpose of…

1123

Abstract

Purpose

In recent years, high‐altitude/long‐endurance airship platforms have generated great interest as a means to provide communications and surveillance capabilities. The purpose of this paper is to develop a model for airship conceptual design and help provide insight into the viability of high‐altitude/long‐endurance airships.

Design/methodology/approach

A configuration analysis model with the consideration of pressure difference, temperature difference, and helium purity, etc. was developed. The influences of the airship payload, size and area required of solar cell with environment and operation parameters, such as operation latitude, pressure difference, temperature difference, helium purity, seasons, latitude, and wind speed, etc. were analyzed.

Findings

The results show that the area of solar cell required for stratospheric airship is very large under the condition of low altitude, high latitude, wind, and in winter, etc. which might make the design of high‐altitude/long‐endurance airship an elusive goal. They also show that the solar cell efficiency is the key technology in the control of solar cell area required for airships, and the technology advances in regenerative fuel cells and propeller efficiency have significant effects among on the airship payload, size, and solar cell area required for airship.

Originality/value

The paper analyses the energy balance of the high‐altitude/long‐endurance airship.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 82 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 11 May 2020

Kwun-fu Chan

This study aims to examine the problems encountered during the establishment of the Central Police Academy (CPA) under the Nationalist regime from 1936 to 1949. While the…

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine the problems encountered during the establishment of the Central Police Academy (CPA) under the Nationalist regime from 1936 to 1949. While the authoritarian party-state unified the police academies by forceful means, this catalyzed the cleavage between the schools of police studies and resulted in power struggles over police education, intellectual thought, collectivity and even the national reform of police administration. More than narrating the progress of power consolidation, this study attempts to identify the problems underlying the factional strife and to reveal the interwoven pattern of these power struggles, exploring the confusion regarding what the police is, a question that troubled Chinese policemen from the mainland to Taiwan.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper explains the emergence of the factional strife from the beginning of the preliminary growth of the Police Academies in Nanking and Chekiang. It widely makes use of the official archives from Japan Center for Asian Historical Records and Historica Academia to show the dynamic situation in police education and administration. Rather, the official publications of the Police Academies and their affiliated associations reveal the hidden political agenda behind a unified framework as the party-state claimed. Moreover, official gazettes, memorials and newspapers are also used to strengthen the core argument of this study.

Findings

This paper examines the impact of the factional strife between the police leaders Dai Li and Li Shizhen on the CPA from 1936 to 1949. It illustrates that the establishment of the CPA ostensibly unified the nationwide police force but triggered power struggles over the control of the police administration. More importantly, it also shows how the factions strove for larger shares of power under the supreme doctrines that Chiang Kai-shek and the party-state imposed.

Originality/value

The failure of police education to become powerful was a special case among other more typical institutions. The governors coercively merged the police academies and created robust conditions for growth under the shelter of state authority. The police force did not follow the same path of national monopoly as what recent studies found but drifted apart with its vested interests and incompatible beliefs. Hence, the greater the demand for centralized control by the state, the greater the tension of the factional strife.

Details

Social Transformations in Chinese Societies, vol. 16 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1871-2673

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 20 July 2012

Marisa Siddivò and Alessandra De Chiara

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that synergy between firms and local institutions may lead to success even in an economic environment which cannot offer competitive…

1467

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that synergy between firms and local institutions may lead to success even in an economic environment which cannot offer competitive advantages to high tech industrial clustering. However, the condition for such a complex result is convergence between cluster‐based regional development policy, the related industry national strategy and the central government preferential policy for less developed areas.

Design/methodology/approach

The experiences selected as case studies are the Xi'an National Civil Aerospace Base in Shaanxi Province (China) and CampaniAerospace in Campania region (Italy). As information was gathered both through policy documents (China and Italy) and direct interviews to cluster's stakeholders (Italy), the outcome is, according to the criteria suggested by Eisenhardt and Yin, a qualitative research. Comparing economic data provided by the respective countries' Statistical Offices, the authors assessed that Shaanxi Province and the Campania region share a “peripheral” position within their respective national context. Starting from this, the authors analyzed the formal documents which reported the experience of the two clusters.

Findings

The finding is that the outcome (the status of cluster which is assumed as “a value in itself”) of the convergence between firms' will to gain agglomeration advantages and the policymakers' plan to redress interregional economic disparities is definitely not an efficiency‐driven process. In the high tech sectors which are very sensitive to the increasing competition for technology on the international market, the pursuit of efficiency may, on the contrary, be dissipated.

Originality/value

As attested by the comparative literature, aims and performance of industrial clusters differ in accordance with the stage of economic development as well as the institutional and regulatory framework. The paper demonstrates, however, that in the take‐off stage, it is the position occupied by the host region within the national context which determines the behaviour of the actors concerned as well as the outcome of their commitment.

Details

Journal of Science and Technology Policy in China, vol. 3 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1758-552X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 4 February 2020

Jianfei Li, Mengxia Sun, Li Ren and Bei Li

The advent of the new retail era witnessed the consumers’ demand shift from on the traditional product quality to on the full supply chain service quality, and product service and…

Abstract

Purpose

The advent of the new retail era witnessed the consumers’ demand shift from on the traditional product quality to on the full supply chain service quality, and product service and service manufacturing is gradually taking shape. The purpose of this paper is to propose whether there is a “quality bridge” in the dynamic evolution process of retail service supply chain (RSSC) and discuss the system role, steady-state characteristics and dynamic evolution mechanism of service quality in this dynamic evolution process.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper proposes the dissipation system structure of the RSSC under the steady-state quality constraint, constructs a Markov chain model (MCM) for the evolution of the service quality of RSSC, and tests the objective existence of the steady-state distribution of the service quality by taking Chinese HJ retail enterprises as samples.

Findings

The research value of this study is summarized as follows. The research finds that the evolution of service quality of RSSC is a dynamic and non-linear growth process, which has significant characteristics of complex adaptability and steady-state convergence. The study finds that the quality evolution process of the RSSC is a steady-state convergence process, and there is a steady-state distribution of quality in its co-evolution, in which different process input levels have a significant positive impact on the stable level of quality state. The study finds that the steady state of quality plays a crucial role in the collaborative evolution of the RSSC, that is, when the service quality reaches a certain steady state distribution, the operating efficiency and profit level of the whole chain will show an “explosive” growth trend.

Originality/value

Quality bridge, an original concept in this paper, represents the role of quality steady-state in the operation of RSSC. Based on Markov chain and system simulation tools, this paper verifies the existence of steady-state service quality and its positive effect on the co-evolution and sustainable development of RSSC. When the service quality reaches a certain steady distribution, the operating efficiency and income level of the whole chain will show n trend of explosive growth.

Article
Publication date: 3 August 2020

Omar Ahmed, Golareh Jalilvand, Scott Pollard, Chukwudi Okoro and Tengfei Jiang

Glass is a promising interposer substrate for 2.5 D integration; yet detailed analysis of the interfacial reliability of through-glass vias (TGVs) has been lacking. The purpose of…

Abstract

Purpose

Glass is a promising interposer substrate for 2.5 D integration; yet detailed analysis of the interfacial reliability of through-glass vias (TGVs) has been lacking. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the design and material factors responsible for the interfacial delamination in TGVs and identify methods to improve reliability.

Design/methodology/approach

The interfacial reliability of TGVs is studied both analytically and numerically. An analytical solution is presented to show the dependence of the energy release rate (ERR) for interfacial delamination on the via design and the thermal mismatch strain. Then, finite element analysis (FEA) is used to investigate the influence of detailed design and material factors, including the pitch distance, via aspect ratio, via geometry and the glass and via materials, on the susceptibility to interfacial delamination.

Findings

ERR for interfacial delamination is directly proportional to the via diameter and the thermal mismatch strain. Thinner wafers with smaller aspect ratios show larger ERRs. Changing the via geometry from a fully filled via to an annular via leads to lower ERR. FEA results also show that certain material combinations have lower thermal mismatch strains, thus less prone to delamination.

Practical implications

The results and approach presented in this paper can guide the design and development of more reliable 2.5 D glass interposers.

Originality/value

This paper represents the first attempt to comprehensively evaluate the impact of design and material selection on the interfacial reliability of TGVs.

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