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Article
Publication date: 29 March 2024

Bingbing Qi, Lijun Xu and Xiaogang Liu

The purpose of this paper is to exploit the multiple-Toeplitz matrices reconstruction method combined with quadratic spatial smoothing processing to improve the…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to exploit the multiple-Toeplitz matrices reconstruction method combined with quadratic spatial smoothing processing to improve the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation performance of coherent signals at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNRs).

Design/methodology/approach

An improved multiple-Toeplitz matrices reconstruction method is proposed via quadratic spatial smoothing processing. Our proposed method takes advantage of the available information contained in the auto-covariance matrices of individual Toeplitz matrices and the cross-covariance matrices of different Toeplitz matrices, which results in a higher noise suppression ability.

Findings

Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that, compared with the existing Toeplitz matrix processing methods, the proposed method improves the DOA estimation performance in cases with a low SNR. Especially for the cases with a low SNR and small snapshot number as well as with closely spaced sources, the proposed method can achieve much better performance on estimation accuracy and resolution probability.

Research limitations/implications

The study investigates the possibility of reusing pre-existing designs for the DOA estimation of the coherent signals. The proposed technique enables achieve good estimation performance at low SNRs.

Practical implications

The paper includes implications for the DOA problem at low SNRs in communication systems.

Originality/value

The proposed method proved to be useful for the DOA estimation at low SNR.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 21 March 2024

Xiaogang Cao, Cuiwei Zhang, Jie Liu, Hui Wen and Bowei Cao

The purpose of this article is based on the unit patent license fee model in the closed-loop supply chain.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this article is based on the unit patent license fee model in the closed-loop supply chain.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper analyzes the impact of the bundling strategy of the retailer selling new products and remanufactured products on the closed-loop supply chain under the condition that the original manufacturer produces new products and the remanufacturer produces remanufacturing products.

Findings

The results show that alternative products can be bundled, and in many cases, the bundling of remanufactured products and new products is better than selling alone.

Originality/value

If the retailer chooses bundling, for the remanufacturer, when certain conditions are met, the benefits of bundling are greater than the separate sales at that time; for the original manufacturer, when the recycling price sensitivity coefficient is high, the bundling is better than separate sales.

Details

Modern Supply Chain Research and Applications, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2631-3871

Keywords

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