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The purpose of this paper is to discuss and evaluate the performances of the ionospheric delays for spaceborne global positioning system (GPS) receivers with changing altitudes, and to calculate the scale factors and receiver differential code biases (DCBs). Ionospheric delay is one of the major error sources in GPS positioning.

The fractional total electron content (TEC) above the receiver was obtained from the TEC above the Earth and a scale factor. Methods to determine scale factors were implemented and further developed, based on global ionospheric maps (GIM), Klobuchar model and modified Klobuchar model. Receiver DCB values were achieved at the same time. Methods were validated using flight data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment mission.

Scale factors are influenced by the receiver altitude, TECs along the line of sight and the ionospheric correction method. In a given case, scale factors obtained using GIM are more regular, whereas those obtained using Klobuchar model and modified Klobuchar model are closely related to TECs. DCBs obtained using GIM method are larger than those obtained using Klobuchar model and modified Klobuchar model.

With scale factors and receiver DCBs, accuracy of GPS positioning solutions can be improved, which are useful for spaceborne engineering applications.

Recent scholars have established that knowledge hiding does not equate to the lack of knowledge sharing. Due to a scarcity of papers on knowledge hiding, this paper aims to understand the mechanisms through which ethical leadership influences knowledge hiding based on social learning theory and social cognitive theory.

The field study involves 243 employees from public listed companies in Malaysia. Partial least square structural equation modelling is used to test the hypothesised relationships.

The results indicate that moral disengagement mediates the relationship between ethical leadership and knowledge hiding. Furthermore, organisational commitment moderates the negative relationship between ethical leadership and knowledge hiding, such that the negative relationship is stronger when organisational commitment is high.

This study is the first to investigate the influence of ethical leadership on knowledge hiding through the mediating effect of moral disengagement. Moreover, organisational commitment is an important boundary condition for the relationship between ethical leadership and knowledge hiding. The implications for practice and future research are also discussed.

This study examines the role of ethical leadership in building employee trust, knowledge sharing (KS), job satisfaction and then influencing employee engagement in the workplace.

The sample included 610 employees of Indonesia Islamic Bank, obtained through an online survey. Structural equation modelling was used to test the research hypotheses.

Ethical leadership actively contributes to the growth of employee trust, exchange knowledge frequent and job satisfaction and then become key points to enhance employees’ engagement.

Future research is required to validate across regions and organisations to in light of the findings of the topic study.

Organisational leaders and employees obtain a better understanding of ethics and organisation management field, hence employees and leaders must encourage ethical values as code of conduct in the workplace.

This study demonstrated the extent of the Khan concept for a combination of employee engagement, ethical leadership and KS. It also incorporates employee job satisfaction and the organisational engagement among employees.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-03-2023-0218

This study investigated the concerns and plans of construction professionals about building information modeling (BIM) implementation, found the acceptable BIM implementation driving forces and strategies for them and developed a prescriptive BIM implementation model to help understand how BIM implementation concerns, intentions, driving forces and strategies are connected.

This study employs a positivist paradigm with a hypothetico-deductive research strategy as well as concern-based adoption theory as a conceptual lens to distinguish construction professionals (CPs)' BIM implementation concerns and intentions. This implies that the forces driving BIM implementation intentions and concerns are related to BIM implementation methods and that their concentrations are proportional to the intensity of BIM implementation strategies. A 16-item questionnaire tailored to the operations of CPs was used for data collection. The data collected from respondents were utilized to evaluate the proposed model using structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques.

Findings from the data collected from the respondents revealed that CPs are concerned about the impact of BIM deployment on their time and service quality. Their main purpose was to take drives to learn more about BIM in order to pique their curiosity. Embracing the latest digital technology and beginning self-initiated BIM training are two strategies that would be quite effective in boosting BIM deployment.

The study identifies promising directions for future BIM implementation research and development. The study's findings imply that more theoretically motivated research, rather than just empirical research, is required to refine BIM implementation concerns.

The study has implications for the professional development of CPs as well as understanding the process of implementing BIM change. The study's findings will help to understand the resource system for assessing CPs' needs and concerns and selecting personalized BIM implementation strategies.

Before this study, BIM-related studies had ignored the concerns and goals of the CPs when it came to implementing BIM. Using the CPs' concerns and hopes for BIM implementation, a systemic BIM implementation model was developed that would help and speed up BIM adoption.

This paper aims to determine whether prosocial motivation acts as a mediator between the individual motivation types of self-determination theory and knowledge sharing.

A partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) based on data collection (N = 303) ) was calculated, using “Smart PLS 3” software.

In respect of the influence of individual motivation types on knowledge sharing, it was found that prosocial motivation provides indirect mediation for external motivation and complementary mediation for introjected motivation, whereas it has no mediation effect on intrinsic and identified motivation.

Future research should consider the use of prosocial motivation as a mediator to reveal indirect effects that, otherwise, are at risk of remaining hidden.

To foster knowledge sharing within organizations, measures should be taken to increase external, introjected and prosocial motivation, as it was found that these types of motivation have a significant positive impact on knowledge sharing.

The current unanswered question – whether or not prosocial motivation acts as a mediator between the motivation types of self-determination theory and knowledge sharing – is examined, thereby providing insights into the hitherto largely unexplored role of prosocial motivation in knowledge-sharing models.

This paper considers carbon abatement in a competitive supply chain that is composed of a manufacturer and two retailers under vertical shareholding. The authors emphasize the equilibrium decision problem of stakeholders under vertical shareholding and different power structures.

A game-theoretic approach was used to probe the influence of power structure and retailer competition on manufacturers' carbon abatement under vertical shareholding. The carbon abatement decisions, environmental imp4cacts (EIs) and social welfare (SW) of different scenarios under vertical shareholding are obtained.

The findings show that manufacturers are preferable to carbon abatement and capture optimal profits when shareholding is above a threshold under the retailer power equilibrium, but they may exert a worse negative impact on the environment. The dominant position of the held retailer is not always favorable to capturing the optimal SW and mitigating EIs. In addition, under the combined effect of competition level and shareholding, retailer power equilibrium scenarios are more favorable to improving SW and reducing EIs.

This paper inspects the combined influence of retailer competition and power structure on manufacturers' carbon abatement. Distinguishing from previous literature, the authors also consider the impact of vertical shareholding and consumer preferences. In addition, the authors analyze the SW and EIs in different scenarios.

Drawing on social exchange theory, this paper aims to clarify the influences of ethical leadership (EL) on knowledge-sharing (KS) behaviours of employees through the mediating roles of affective- and cognitive-based trust in leadership. This work further offers deeper insight into the moderating mechanism of distributive justice in the EL–KS relationship.

Structural equation modelling (SEM) is used to investigate the influential degree of EL, aspects of employee trust in leadership and distributive justice on employee behaviours towards tacit and explicit knowledge via data collected from 339 participants in 75 Vietnamese firms.

The empirical findings reveal that employee trust in leadership positively mediates the relationship between EL and KS behaviours. In particular, distributive justice significantly fosters the impacts of EL on tacit and explicit KS behaviours.

Managers and practitioners should strengthen EL practices to build and maintain employee trust in them for promoting KS behaviours. In addition, research highlights the necessity of establishing distributive justice in organisations to enhance the effect of EL on KS behaviours of employees.

This paper is unique in its attempts to advance the insights on the theory of leadership and knowledge management by investigating the different moderated-mediation mechanisms in the relationship between EL and specific aspects of KS behaviours.

This study aims to investigate how to manage the stressors that facility managers (FMs) face with the aim of reducing their stress and strain levels.

Using the job demands-resources (JD-R) model, stressors are operationalized from job demands, job resources and personal resources constructs. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from FMs based in Singapore.

FMs have significantly high levels of stress, but they are able to manage this well. Job demands that cause stress and strain are those relating to insufficient time to complete the work and difficulties in handling the work. The lack of job resources in terms of lack of organizational support and inadequate stress mitigation programs are associated with high levels of stress and strain.

The limitations are the relatively small sample size and absence of a database of FMs in Singapore, and correlation is not causation when determining the association between stressors and stress and strain.

Based on the recommendations, employers and FMs may manage the specific stressors identified so that FMs’ stress and strain levels are under control to enable them to work optimally.

This research discovered that the JD-R model is moderated by certain features of facilities management and FMs. When these features are present, FMs are predisposed to more stressors, and higher stress and strain. For the facilities management profession, the discovery is that there are significantly more job demands: for in-house FMs compared to those working for outsourced firms; for FMs who need to carry out estate and asset management, landlord activities and facility planning compared to FMs who focus on operations and maintenance; and for FMs who work longer than five days compared to those who work a five-day week.

The increasing accumulation of synthetic plastic waste in oceans and landfills, along with the depletion of non-renewable fossil-based resources, has sparked environmental concerns and prompted the search for environmentally friendly alternatives. Biodegradable plastics derived from lignocellulosic materials are emerging as substitutes for synthetic plastics, offering significant potential to reduce landfill stress and minimise environmental impacts. This study highlights a sustainable and cost-effective solution by utilising agricultural residues and invasive plant materials as carbon substrates for the production of biopolymers, particularly polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), through microbiological processes. Locally sourced residual materials were preferred to reduce transportation costs and ensure accessibility. The selection of suitable residue streams was based on various criteria, including strength properties, cellulose content, low ash and lignin content, affordability, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, shelf-life, mechanical and physical properties, short maturation period, antibacterial properties and compatibility with global food security. Life cycle assessments confirm that PHB dramatically lowers CO₂ emissions compared to traditional plastics, while the growing use of lignocellulosic biomass in biopolymeric applications offers renewable and readily available resources. Governments worldwide are increasingly inclined to develop comprehensive bioeconomy policies and specialised bioplastics initiatives, driven by customer acceptability and the rising demand for environmentally friendly solutions. The implications of climate change, price volatility in fossil materials, and the imperative to reduce dependence on fossil resources further contribute to the desirability of biopolymers. The study involves fermentation, turbidity measurements, extraction and purification of PHB, and the manufacturing and testing of composite biopolymers using various physical, mechanical and chemical tests.