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1 – 10 of 38Fatma A. Mohamed, A.A. Mousa, R. Farouk, Y.A. Youssef, Y.A. Youssef and Y.A. Youssef
This paper aims to synthesise, characterise and find out the properties of a model dye for convenient union dyeing of wool, polyester and wool/polyester blend fabric compared with…
Abstract
This paper aims to synthesise, characterise and find out the properties of a model dye for convenient union dyeing of wool, polyester and wool/polyester blend fabric compared with C.I. Disperse Yellow 23. The reactive disperse dye was prepared containing sulphatoethylsulphone (SES) as a reactive group. The dye was synthesised by diazotization and coupling reaction. Firstly, we synthesized azo dye intermediate I using 1-aminobenzene-4-sulphatoethylsulphone diazotized and then coupled it with aniline. The synthesized azo dye intermediate I was diazotized and coupled with phenol to give dye 2. Different factors affecting the dyeability and fastness properties of SES dye 2 were thoroughly investigated on wool, polyester and wool/polyester blend fabrics in comparison with C.I. Disperse Yellow 23 dye 1. Maximum exhaustion and total fixation yield using sulphatoethylsulphone (SES) dye 2 were achieved on wool fabric at neutral pH 7. The dye showed high dyeing performance due to its nonionic reactive VS derivative. The dyeing results indicate high quality dyeing properties
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E. M. El-Khatib, W. M. Raslan, A.A. El-Halwagy and S. Galab
Low temperature plasma (LTP) treatment of textiles has emerged as one of the environmentally friendly surface modification methods. In this work, the effect of LTP treatment…
Abstract
Low temperature plasma (LTP) treatment of textiles has emerged as one of the environmentally friendly surface modification methods. In this work, the effect of LTP treatment generated by a dielectric barrier discharge technique (DBD) under atmospheric pressure by using three different gases; oxygen, nitrogen and air, on the properties of wool/polyester blend, is studied. The induced changes in wool/polyester blend properties, such as whiteness index, wettability, surface roughness, tensile strength, elongation %, surface morphology, dyeability and fastness properties are investigated. These changes are found to be dependent on the plasma treatment conditions, such as the gas that is used, discharge power and exposure time. The LTP treatments enhance the dyeing ability of the fibres with acid, basic and disperse dyestuffs as well as the fastness properties, and represent an approach to dyeing the blend in one bath.
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The learning outcomes of this case are in understanding core concepts of brand management and brand dilution. Assessment of macro-economic risks and proper positioning strategies…
Abstract
Learning outcomes
The learning outcomes of this case are in understanding core concepts of brand management and brand dilution. Assessment of macro-economic risks and proper positioning strategies are the key take-away from this case. The case gives an understanding of how brands are built and positioned, and the pitfalls of poor brand planning and assessment that could lead to brand dilution. The case is useful for highlighting the importance of brand management and the challenges of re-positioning. The discussions would shed light on why it is important to plan and manage spending on marketing for brand building activities, and why brands would suffer when spending is reduced. This case is a teaching case and not a research case. It will help participants assimilate available information in combination with existing academic theories and publications to help develop an accurate assessment and prognosis of the events leading until the point of slicing the case.
Case overview/synopsis
Reid & Taylor in 2015 had been reduced to a discounter brand offering extended end-of-season sales when most other competitors have ended their promotions. In the 17 years since its big-budget launch in the Indian market in one of the most memorable brand introductions, Reid & Taylor changed its ambassador twice and repositioned itself thrice. The case would allow participants to delve deeper into aspects of marketing spending, brand management, positioning and advertising effectiveness. The case brings to the fore discussions on marketing, specifically on branding, positioning and its related advertising in the textile sector for a brand that has not been studied in academic literature until the present time. The discussion allows for novelty, involving both forward- and backward-looking assessments and evaluations to help participants better imbibe learnings in brand management and positioning.
Complexity academic level
The case is suitable for a graduate-level (Master’s level) course in marketing and brand management. This case is suitable for elective courses that discuss positioning and brands.
Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.
Subject code
CSS 8: Marketing
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The synthesis of a series of disperse dyes containing a carboxy group is described. The dyes were applied to polyester, wool and wool-polyester blend fabrics and their dyeing and…
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of disperse dyes containing a carboxy group is described. The dyes were applied to polyester, wool and wool-polyester blend fabrics and their dyeing and fastness properties evaluated. The levelling and fastness properties of all dyed samples meet commercial requirements. The effects of the carboxy group on the colour, dyeing and fastness properties ofthe dyes are discussed.
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F. A. Mohamed and R. M. Mohareb
Ethyl 2-diazo-4, 5, 6, 7-tetrahydrobenzo[b] thiophene-3-carboxylate is reacted with malononitrile to give a hydrazone derivative. The latter product is reacted with…
Abstract
Ethyl 2-diazo-4, 5, 6, 7-tetrahydrobenzo[b] thiophene-3-carboxylate is reacted with malononitrile to give a hydrazone derivative. The latter product is reacted with 1-diazobenzene-4-β-sulphatoethylsulphone (PABSES) to give a disperse dye. The dye is synthesised by diazotisation and coupling reactions. First, it is synthesised with the chromophoric moiety of ethyl 2-hydrazomalononitrilo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b] thiopheen- 3-carboxylate and coupled with diazonium salts that have the aforementioned reactive groups, thus yielding the new target reactive. The synthesised dye is applied onto wool, polyester and wool-polyester (blend) fabrics under typical exhaust dyeing conditions and their dyeing properties are investigated. The structure of this dye is characterised and confirmed by melting point, elemental analysis, infrared, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV/VIS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) data. The dyeing of polyester, wool and polyester/wool blend fabrics with a reactive disperse dye gives very good build up and fastness properties by using a nonionic vinylsulphone (VS) derivative, which increases the substantivity of the dye towards wool fabric. Maximum exhaustion as well as total fixation efficiency by using a sulfatoethylsulfone (SES)-based dye on wool fabric is achieved at a neutral pH of 7. This feature of the dye structure significantly improves the union dyeing of wool/polyester blend fabrics with very good build up and fastness properties.
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Jiri Militky and Vladimir Bajzik
Examines wool/polyester blended fabrics with a view to finding the optimal blend in relation to suitable utility, surface and handling properties. Concludes that a simple general…
Abstract
Examines wool/polyester blended fabrics with a view to finding the optimal blend in relation to suitable utility, surface and handling properties. Concludes that a simple general mixing rule is possible for use in producing the required optimum blends.
G.X. Yuan, S.X. Jiang, E. Newton and W.M. Au
In this paper, the novel surface effects of fashion garments through CO2 laser engraving treatment were investigated. To improve the visual appearance, the wool/polyester blended…
Abstract
In this paper, the novel surface effects of fashion garments through CO2 laser engraving treatment were investigated. To improve the visual appearance, the wool/polyester blended fabric was treated with ideal parameters including resolution (dpi) and pixel time (μs). The physical properties, which include weight, thickness, air permeability, thermal conductivity and tear strength, were evaluated in accordance with international specifications. This study reveals the potential of feasible fashion designs through laser engraving. The computer-aided design method can open up new possibilities for green fashion design. It is believed that fashion design with rich artistic appearances such as patterns, colors and textures can cater for fashion industries and the process can facilitate quick responses to the market.
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M.Y. Leung, T.Y. Lo, R.C. Dhingra and K.W Yeung
This paper investigates the relationships between fabric formability (a fundamental measure of fabric tailorability), bias extension and shear resistance. The experimental…
Abstract
This paper investigates the relationships between fabric formability (a fundamental measure of fabric tailorability), bias extension and shear resistance. The experimental investigation has been performed on a range of thirty-one (fifteen pure wool, twelve wool/polyester blends, one wool/rayon blend and three pure linen) suiting and trousering materials varying in mass per unit area from 125 to 258 g/m2. Low stress mechanical properties measurements of fabric bending, shear and tensile deformations were obtained using the KES (Kawabata Evaluation System) testers. Furthermore, the 45-degree bias extension behaviour of these fabrics was measured using an Instron extensometer. Following Spivak and Treloar's analysis [12], the bias load-extension and recovery curves were analysed to obtain equivalent shear stress/strain hysteresis curves. The two measures of shear rigidity, one obtained from the KES shear hysteresis curves and the other calculated from the bias extension tests, have been compared for the series of 31 fabrics. Relationships between fabric formability (defined as the product of tensile extensibility under low load and the bending rigidity) and its shear resistance are analysed. In addition, the work also covers the investigation on the relationships between fabric shear properties and formability in bias direction.
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Anthony P. Pierlot, Keith W. Fincher and A. Lee King
The appearance retention of trouser creases, subject to tumble drying, for some trousers can be improved by the simple process of restraining the inner leg seam to the aligned…
Abstract
Purpose
The appearance retention of trouser creases, subject to tumble drying, for some trousers can be improved by the simple process of restraining the inner leg seam to the aligned outer seam of the trouser leg at a single point just below the crotch. The purpose of this paper is to assess the effectiveness of this approach on crease retention during laundering for a variety of commercially available trousers of different fibre compositions and blends.
Design/methodology/approach
Trousers made from various fibres and blends were purchased at retail and were washed and tumble dried as received, or after treatment (e.g. to provide shrink resistance for wool trousers or to improve the level of permanent set in the crease), with one leg restrained while the other was free and the impact on crease retention assessed.
Findings
The findings indicate that the use of a restraint device provides the largest improvement to the crease appearance for trousers constructed from wool or wool blends with polyester. Some level of permanent set is necessary for the restraint to function and an improvement in crease rating of up to three points (AATCC 1‐5 scale) is possible after five laundry cycles.
Practical implications
An effective prototype trouser restraint device, suitable for use in a domestic environment was constructed based on two rare earth magnets and should allow the consumer to improve the appearance retention of trousers, particularly for those containing appreciable amounts of wool.
Originality/value
The method allows the consumer to improve the crease retention of wool containing trousers, beyond what is possible through industrial processes, by using a laundry aid (restraint).
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G. Wang, R. Postle, D.G. Phillips and W. Zhang
The press performance of a range of wool and wool blend fabrics has been investigated with the aid of a temperature adjustable hand steam iron, a domestic ironing board and a…
Abstract
The press performance of a range of wool and wool blend fabrics has been investigated with the aid of a temperature adjustable hand steam iron, a domestic ironing board and a thermocouple digital temperature display.It was found that for a press duration of 10 seconds, the fabric crease angle is reduced with the increasing press temperature. The sharpest reduction in crease angle was found in the temperature range of 80°C to 120°C for all fabrics tested.At 100°C iron temperature, the fabric crease angle was reduced with increasing press duration until 20 seconds for wool fabrics and until 30 seconds for wool blend fabrics.The initial regain, or in other words, the relative humidity of the ambient atmosphere used to precondition the samples, has an important influence on the press performance. It was also found that the fabric crease recovery was greater for increasing ambient relative humidity.The fabric regain was greatly reduced during the first 10 seconds pressing time with further very slow reduction in fabric regain until 80 seconds pressing time. The regain in the upper layer of the fabric specimen was always lower than that in the lower layer.
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