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The main purpose of this paper is to gain a better understanding of the transient aerodynamic characteristics of moving windshield wipers. In addition, this paper also strives to illustrate and clarify how the wiper motion impacts the airflow structure; the aerodynamic interaction of two wipers is also discussed.

A standard vehicle model proposed by the Motor Industry Research Association and a pair of simplified bone wipers are introduced, and a dynamic mesh technique and user-defined functions are used to achieve the wiper motion. Finite volume methods and large eddy simulation (LES) are used to simulate the transient airflow field. The simulation results are validated through the wind tunnel test.

The results obtained from the study are presented graphically, and pressure, velocity distributions, airflow structures, aerodynamic drag and lift force are shown. Significant influences of wiper motion on airflow structures are achieved. The maximum value of aerodynamic lift and drag force exists when wipers are rotating and there is a certain change rule. The aerodynamic lift and drag force when wipers are rotating downward is greater than when wipers are rotating upward, and the force when rotating upward is greater than that when steady. The aerodynamic lift and drag forces of the driver-side wiper is greater than those of the passenger-side wiper.

The LES method in combination with dynamic mesh technique to study the transient aerodynamic characteristics of windshield wipers is relatively new.

THE National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics is conducting a programme of research intended to reduce the risks now attendant on aeroplane operation during icing conditions. A part of this programme is concerned with the prevention of ice on the windshield. The methods investigated involve the use of: (1) heat from an electric source, (2) heat from the engine exhaust, and (3) an alcohol‐dispensing, rotating wiper‐blade. Inasmuch as the problem of ice prevention exists in several forms, it is anticipated that several different methods may find application on the aeroplane. The obstructions of vision through a windshield may result from ice or snow formations on the exterior surface or from the formation of frost on the interior. The object of the present investigation, therefore, was to determine the extent to which the several methods could preserve vision. Observations were also made to determine the capacity of the rotating wiper‐blade to remove rain from the windshield.

The National Research Development Corporation (NRDC) and NDN Aircraft Limited have announced the development of the Fieldmaster, a new agricultural aircraft, which will make a valuable contribution to the more efficient application of agricultural chemicals. The development programme is being carried out by NDN and is being jointly financed by NRDC and NDN.

Since this paper was first published additional work has been carried out which, though not affecting the stated conclusions contained in the information herein, has brought about additional beneficial results and knowledge. Consequently, a second article will follow as a sequel to that now published.

A multi‐layer windshield required for the Mercure transport aircraft, has to be able to withstand wind‐shield wiper abrasion while the glass also serves as the substrate for a vacuum‐deposited, electrically conductive, transparent metallic coating employed in automatic de‐icing and de‐fogging.

FOR a number of years now it has been evident that a successor to the well‐tried Vickers Viscount and Convoir 240/340/440 series was required. However, the big problem was to design an aircraft such that its economics and passengerappealweresub‐stantially better than the machines it would ultimately replace. Other important factors which had to be con‐sidered were improved reliability, easier and cheaper maintenance, higher standards of safety and means of reducing ramp times. Furthermore, the difficult choice of passenger capacity and cruising speed had to be made. Probably the easiest decision was to employ the twin‐engine configuration with the power plants placed in the now familiar rear position, one on cither side of the fuselage.

This paper aims to reviews the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting‐edge research and case studies.

This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.

Much as we like the gadgets and gizmos they put on new cars to entice us to buy, it sometimes makes you wonder why they do not deprive us of some added extra and reduce the price of the car instead. While most of us do not want Ford, Toyota, Renault or Mercedes to make economies when it comes to airbags, crumple zones or the latest technology in braking, wouldn't many of us be happy to live without a plastic cup holder, mirrors which fold back when you stop, or even windshield wipers that turn themselves on when it is raining?

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This study aims to accurately evaluate the influence of various error intervals on the performance of the wiper.

The wiper structural system is decomposed into classical four-link planar for kinematics analysis, and it was modeled respectively by using interval method, universal grey number theory and enumeration approach depending on the nature of uncertainty.

The universal grey number theory is a viable methodology for the accurate analysis of uncertain structural system.

(1) The model of uncertain wiper structural system is established. (2) Universal grey number theory and new parameters are adopted to analyze the presence of uncertain wiper structural system. (3) Comparative analysis of response quantities is obtained by interval method, universal grey number theory and enumeration method.