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Article
Publication date: 29 March 2022

Xu Meng, Shujie Tan, Liping Ding, Yicha Zhang and Liheng Chen

The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using selective laser melting (SLM) process to print fine capillary wick porous structures for heat pipe…

Abstract

Purpose

The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using selective laser melting (SLM) process to print fine capillary wick porous structures for heat pipe applications and clarify the interrelations between the printing parameters and the structure functional performance to form guidelines for design and printing preparation.

Design/methodology/approach

A new toolpath-based construction method is adopted to prepare the printing of capillary wick with fine pores in SLM process. This method uses physical melting toolpath profile with associated printing parameters to directly define slices and assemble them into a printing data model to ensure manufacturability and reduce precision loss of data model transformation in the printing preparation stage. The performance of the sample was characterised by a set of standard experiments and the relationship between the printing parameters and the structure performance is modeled.

Findings

The results show that SLM-printed capillary wick porous structures exhibit better performance in terms of pore diameter and related permeability than that of structures formed using traditional sintering methods, generally 15 times greater. The print hatching space and infilling pattern have a critical impact on functional porosity and permeability. An empirical formula was obtained to describe this impact and can serve as a reference for the design and printing of capillary wicks in future applications.

Originality/value

This research proves the feasibility of using SLM process to printing functional capillary wicks in extremely fine pores with improved functional performance. It is the first time to reveal the relations among the pore shapes, printing parameters and functional performance. The research results can be used as a reference for heat pipe design and printing in future industrial applications.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 28 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 May 2019

Yogesh Mahulkar and Chetankumar Sedani

Miniature loop heat pipes (MLHPs) are highly efficient passive heat transfer devices, which have considerable advantages over conventional heat pipes. Currently, miniature LHPs…

Abstract

Purpose

Miniature loop heat pipes (MLHPs) are highly efficient passive heat transfer devices, which have considerable advantages over conventional heat pipes. Currently, miniature LHPs with ammonia and water as working fluids have been developed and utilized in electronics cooling within temperature range of 50°C-70°C at any orientation in 1-g conditions.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors studied the standard procedure for the development of bi-porous nickel wicks and their characterization. Three different shaped nickel powders were studied, and best fitting nickel powder for electronics cooling application was reported. The manufacturing of bi-porous wick structures was analyzed with parameters such as porosity, permeability, capillary pressure and effective thermal conductivity for efficient performance of MLHP.

Findings

The study investigated the sintering process for number of samples to identify effective sample for the particular application. It is found that carbonyl nickel powder (type 287) with particle size of 2.6-3.3 µm gives promising results. Permeability and porosity were found to be highest in this case.

Originality/value

It is found that carbonyl nickel powder type with particle size gives promising results. Permeability and porosity was found to be highest in this case.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 16 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 26 June 2021

Adnen Mezghani, Abdalla R. Nassar, Corey J. Dickman, Eduardo Valdes and Raul Alvarado

An integral component in heat pipes (HPs) and vapor chambers (VCs) is a porous wicking structure. Traditional methods for manufacturing wicking structures within HPs and VCs…

417

Abstract

Purpose

An integral component in heat pipes (HPs) and vapor chambers (VCs) is a porous wicking structure. Traditional methods for manufacturing wicking structures within HPs and VCs involve secondary manufacturing processes and are generally limited to simple geometries. This work aims to leverage the unprecedented level of design freedom of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM) to produce integrated wicking structures for HPs and VCs.

Design/methodology/approach

Copper wicking structures are fabricated through LPBF via partial sintering and via the formation of square, hexagonal and rectangular arrangements of micro-pins and micro-grooves, produced in multiple build directions. Wicks are characterized by conducting capillary performance analysis through the measurement of porosity, permeability and capillary rate-of-rise.

Findings

Copper wicking structures were successfully fabricated with capillary performance, K/reff, ranging from 0.186–1.74 µm. The rectangular-arrangement micro-pin wick presented the highest performance.

Originality/value

This work represents the first published report on LPBF AM of copper wicking structures for HPs/VCs applications and represents foundational knowledge for fabricating complete assemblies of copper VCs and HPs through LPBF AM.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 27 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 11 January 2018

Ramakrishnan G., Prakash C. and Janani G.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate plasma treatment for Tencel microfibre fabrics for possible improvement in various functional properties.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate plasma treatment for Tencel microfibre fabrics for possible improvement in various functional properties.

Design/methodology/approach

The plasma treated and untreated fabrics were dyed using reactive dyes and evaluated for comfort properties such as wicking, water vapour permeability and air permeability.

Findings

The various comfort properties of plasma treated and an untreated Tencel microfibre fabric have been studied. The wicking results showed a significant reduction in wicking time for plasma treated fabrics compared to untreated fabrics. The test results for water vapour permeability show no significant difference between plasma treated and untreated fabrics. The plasma treated samples show higher air permeability than untreated samples. In the wetting test, it is clearly seen that the plasma treated samples absorbed the water at a faster rate.

Originality/value

This research investigates plasma treatment for Tencel microfibre fabrics for possible improvement in various functional properties.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 30 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 29 June 2018

Desalegn Atalie, Addisu Ferede Tesema and Gideon K. Rotich

Fabrics’ thermal properties greatly influence human comfort during wear. For this reason, fabrics with optimum thermal properties need to be developed. This paper aims to…

Abstract

Purpose

Fabrics’ thermal properties greatly influence human comfort during wear. For this reason, fabrics with optimum thermal properties need to be developed. This paper aims to investigate the effect of weft yarn twist levels on thermal and surface properties of 100 per cent cotton woven fabrics.

Design/methodology/approach

Five types of plain woven cotton fabrics were manufactured using weft yarns with 900, 905, 910, 915 and 920 twists/meter (Tpm). The other parameters of the samples as count, thread density and fabric structures were kept constant. Fabric thermal properties were evaluated by measuring its thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, actual insulation, water permeability, air permeability and wicking ability. The fabric compression and surface properties were also evaluated because they contribute to the overall clothing comfort.

Findings

The results showed that actual insulation and thermal resistance property decreased with an increase in twists/meter of the weft yarn. However, thermal conductivity does not significantly change while fabric compression reduced with an increase in twist as the surface roughness increased.

Originality/value

Comfort is a fundamental requirement in human daily existence, and it is greatly influenced by clothing, which comes in close contact with the human skin. Fabrics’ thermal properties greatly influence human comfort during wear. For this reason, fabrics with optimum thermal properties need to be developed.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. 22 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 5 January 2015

Zhu Fanglong, Feng Qianqian, Liu Rangtong, Li Kejing and Zhou Yu

– The purpose of this paper is to employ a fractional approach to predict the permeability of nonwoven fabrics by simulating diffusion process.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to employ a fractional approach to predict the permeability of nonwoven fabrics by simulating diffusion process.

Design/methodology/approach

The method described here follows a similar approach to anomalous diffusion process. The relationship between viscous hydraulic permeability and electrical conductivity of porous material is applied in the derivation of fractional power law of permeability.

Findings

The presented power law predicted by fractional method is validated by the results obtained from simulation of fluid flow around a 3D nonwoven porous material by using the lattice-Boltzmann approach. A relation between the fluid permeability and the fluid content (filling fraction), namely, following the power law of the form, was derived via a scaling argument. The exponent n is predominantly a function of pore-size distribution dimension and random walk dimension of the fluid.

Originality/value

The fractional scheme by simulating diffusion process presented in this paper is a new method to predict wicking fluid flow through nonwoven fabrics. The forecast approach can be applied to the prediction of the permeability of other porous materials.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 25 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 29 November 2018

R. Rathinamoorthy

The utilisation of softener after laundering of textile became one of the mandatory activities among the consumers. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to determine the influence…

Abstract

Purpose

The utilisation of softener after laundering of textile became one of the mandatory activities among the consumers. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to determine the influence of repeated rinse cycle softener treatment on the comfort characteristics of cotton and polyester woven fabric.

Design/methodology/approach

The selected cotton and polyester fabrics were treated using three different softeners types and three different numbers of rinsing times, namely 5, 10 and 15. The impact of repeated rinse cycle softener treatment on the comfort characteristics like absorbency, air permeability, wicking, thermal conductivity and flammability was analysed and the changes in the properties were confirmed using two-way ANOVA.

Findings

The number of rinse cycle softener treatment has a significant impact on the absorbency, air permeability and wicking ability of the cotton and polyester fabrics. The thermal conductivity and flammability characteristics of the fabrics mostly altered based on the type of fabric softener used. For all the type of fabric, the burning time reduced after the softener treatment.

Social implications

The consumer expects the softness and fragrance smell developed by the rinse cycle softener and they intend to use it more frequently after every laundry process to achieve that feel. This repeated the application of softener causes a negative impact on the fabric performances. This research result provides an evidence for the changes in physiological comfort aspects of textiles.

Originality/value

This analysis enlightens the negative impact of the repeated use of commercial fabric softener and their types on the common fabrics used in apparel endues.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 31 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 16 August 2018

Varadaraju Ramakrishnan and Srinivasan Jagannathan

The purpose of this paper is to optimize the linear densities of polyester yarn and filament for inner layer and elastane for middle layer with cotton yarn outer layer in plain…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to optimize the linear densities of polyester yarn and filament for inner layer and elastane for middle layer with cotton yarn outer layer in plain knitted plated structure for hot and dry environment clothing.

Design/methodology/approach

Three levels of polyester yarn linear densities (11.1, 8.4 and 5.6 Tex), filament linear densities (0.8, 1.55 and 2.3 Decitex) and elastane (0, 4 and 8 percent) with 14.75 Tex cotton yarn have been used to knit 15 single jersey plated fabrics based on Box and Benhens experimental design with same loop length. Three cotton–elastane core-spun fabrics were also produced. All the fabrics were analyzed for moisture and ergonomic comfort properties and wet fabric coefficient of friction.

Findings

The increase in elastane content and yarn linear density decreases water vapor and air permeability; the increase in filament linear density decreases wicking rate and water absorbency. The optimum solution is 5.55 Tex polyester yarn of 0.8 Decitex filament as inner layer and 14.75 Tex cotton yarn as outer layer which gives good heat and moisture transfer without stickiness.

Research limitations/implications

The implication of this paper is to study thinner polyester, polypropylene and polyethylene fabrics with more micro pores as skin contact layer for quicker heat and moisture transfer.

Practical implications

Outward wickability of sweat from the skin is the prime requirement of all skin contact layer fabrics.

Social implications

It shifts the social attitude of most comfortable fabric to polyester–cotton plated for hot and dry climate.

Originality/value

This paper employs a more practical method for the selection of fabric.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 30 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 August 2013

G. Manonmani, C. Vigneswaran, K. Chandrasekaran and T. Ramachandran

This study investigates the effect of ring and compact spun yarns such as Sussen Elite and Com4 spun yarn on the physical and comfort characteristics of single jersey, rib and…

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of ring and compact spun yarns such as Sussen Elite and Com4 spun yarn on the physical and comfort characteristics of single jersey, rib and plain interlock knitted fabrics. The physical characteristics such as fabric aerial density, tightness factor, spirality and pilling behaviour were studied and statistically analyzed using Multivariable ANOVA analysis. The comfort characteristics such as thermal insulation behaviour (TIV), water vapour permeability, wicking and air permeability were studied and reported. The test results showed that compact spun yarn knitted fabrics such as Sussen Elite and Com4 yarn fabrics demonstrated higher thermal insulation behaviour in all the knitted structures when compared to ring spun yarn knitted fabrics. The low stress mechanical characteristics such as shear and compressional behaviour of ring and compact spun yarn knitted fabrics were also reported.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. 17 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 18 February 2022

Muhammad Umar Nazir, Muhammad Usman Javaid, Khubab Shaker, Yasir Nawab, Tanveer Hussain and Muhammad Umair

This paper aims to develop bilayer woven fabrics with different picking sequences with enhanced comfort without any change in the constituent materials.

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to develop bilayer woven fabrics with different picking sequences with enhanced comfort without any change in the constituent materials.

Design/methodology/approach

Six bilayer woven fabrics were produced on Dobby loom with 3/1 twill weave using micro-polyester yarn. Three different picking sequences, i.e. single pick insertion (SPI), double pick insertion (DPI) and three pick insertion (3PI), were used in both face and back layers. The effect of picking sequence on air permeability (AP), volume porosity, thermal resistance and overall moisture management capability (OMMC) of the samples were analyzed.

Findings

The results showed that 3PI–3PI picking sequence gives the highest OMMC, AP and thermal resistance in bilayer woven fabrics and the least results exhibited by SPI–SPI picking sequence.

Research limitations/implications

This research uses a bilayer woven system that develops channels and trapes the air causing higher thermal resistance; therefore, applicable for winter sports clothing rather than for summer wear. Developed bilayer woven fabrics can be used in winter sportswear to improve the comfort of the wearer and reduce fatigue during activity.

Originality/value

Authors have developed bilayer fabrics by changing the picking sequences, i.e. SPI, DPI and 3PI of weft yarns in both layers and compared their thermo-physiological comfort properties.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. 27 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

Keywords

1 – 10 of 113