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1 – 10 of 30Wayne C. Tincher, Wayne Daley and Wiley Holcomb
Defects in fabric have been and continue to be a major source of seconds in finished garments. These defects persist despite several visual inspections and intensive efforts to…
Abstract
Defects in fabric have been and continue to be a major source of seconds in finished garments. These defects persist despite several visual inspections and intensive efforts to remove defective parts during sewing operations. The increased use of automation in assembly steps will intensify the problem of detection and removal of fabric defects in cut‐parts. Describes a workstation utilizing machine vision which has been designed and constructed to detect and remove defective cut‐parts prior to the initiation of assembly operations. The workstation employs two vision systems — an area camera and a line camera — to inspect parts on a conveyor belt both statically and dynamically. The colour of the parts is also determined and the area and perimeter are measured to detect improperly cut parts. The acceptable parts are then stacked in a manner suitable for input to an automated sewing station. The workstation should permit placing into the assembly operations a set of defect‐free, properly‐cut and colour‐matched parts. It is estimated that this cut‐part inspection system will reduce defects in finished garments by approximately 50 per cent and should greatly simplify the labour‐intensive and costly fabric defect control systems currently in place in most apparel plants.
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Describes experimental work in using machine vision for inspection andgrading in the poultry industry. Outlines the main features of human poultryinspection and grading by size…
Abstract
Describes experimental work in using machine vision for inspection and grading in the poultry industry. Outlines the main features of human poultry inspection and grading by size, colour and conditions and describes how neural networks can detect various defects in the poultry [such as bruising, cuts and broken bones]. Explains the development of neural nets, the use of processing elements and HSI histograms for image analysis. Describes texture analysis and the use of two dimensional Gabor filters. Concludes that neural nets appear to be a good tool for detecting poultry defects but further work is needed to develop more specific input.
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The Equal Pay Act 1970 (which came into operation on 29 December 1975) provides for an “equality clause” to be written into all contracts of employment. S.1(2) (a) of the 1970 Act…
Abstract
The Equal Pay Act 1970 (which came into operation on 29 December 1975) provides for an “equality clause” to be written into all contracts of employment. S.1(2) (a) of the 1970 Act (which has been amended by the Sex Discrimination Act 1975) provides:
Rejects arguments that ICANN is engaged in mere technical management or technical co‐ordination, rather than political governance. Examines ICANN’s structure through the lens of…
Abstract
Rejects arguments that ICANN is engaged in mere technical management or technical co‐ordination, rather than political governance. Examines ICANN’s structure through the lens of Aristotle’s philosophy, stating Aristotle was not democratic in a modern sense. Proclaims Aristotle saw representative structures as an important check on élite and economic power, also as a source of valuable competing perspective.
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William S. Hopwood and James C. McKeown
This study investigates the time‐series properties of operating cash flows per share and earnings per share for all manufacturing firms on the Compustat Quarterly Industrial tape…
Abstract
This study investigates the time‐series properties of operating cash flows per share and earnings per share for all manufacturing firms on the Compustat Quarterly Industrial tape for which sufficient data are available. Both individually‐identified and “premier” models are compared on the basis of their relative fit and forecasting accuracy. The empirical results suggest that for both accounting variables the individually‐identified models outperform the premier models, although this advantage is larger for earnings, and for forecast horizons beyond one quarter ahead. A major conclusion of the study is that the time‐series properties of cash flows are quite different than those of earnings. In particular, the cash flow series are considerably less predictable, as shown by their relatively high incidence of white‐noise series and relatively large forecast errors.
Jorge Brusa, Wayne L. Lee and Carole Shook
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of golden parachutes on shareholders' wealth when the measure is used as a compensation device instead of a takeover defense…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of golden parachutes on shareholders' wealth when the measure is used as a compensation device instead of a takeover defense. The results show that the adoption of the measure has a negative influence on shareholders' wealth. These negative results are more prevalent for firms with an operating performance above their industry peers and are significantly influenced by the previous performance of the firm and the size of the golden parachute.
Design/methodology/approach
Event study and regression analysis.
Findings
The results show that the adoption of the measure has a negative influence on shareholders' wealth. These negative results are more prevalent for firms with an operating performance above their industry peers and are significantly influenced by the previous performance of the firm and the size of the golden parachute.
Practical implications
Investors will have more information about the reaction of stock markets at the announcement of golden parachutes.
Originality/value
The paper presents a new evaluation of the adoption of golden parachutes on shareholders' wealth when the measure is used as a compensation device instead of a takeover defense.
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Oriented to ongoing student and university momentums for decolonial futures, the purpose of this paper is to interrogate the role and status of mainstream international…
Abstract
Purpose
Oriented to ongoing student and university momentums for decolonial futures, the purpose of this paper is to interrogate the role and status of mainstream international development curricula and pedagogies by critiquing two absences in the sub-discipline’s teaching formulae: appropriations and assassinations.
Design/methodology/approach
The author draws from a decade of research on oil extraction in Central Africa, including ethnographic work with two communities in Cameroon along the Chad–Cameroon Oil Pipeline; four years of research (interview-based and unofficial or grey materials) on the 1983 August Revolution in Burkina Faso and assassination of Thomas Sankara; and five years of experience teaching international development in North America, Western Europe and North and Eastern Africa.
Findings
Through a critical synthesis of political and rhetorical practices that are often considered in isolation (i.e. political assassinations and corporate appropriation of Indigenous knowledges), the author makes the case for what the author calls pedagogical disobedience: an anticipatory decolonial development curricula and praxis that is attentive to the simultaneity of violence and misappropriation within colonial operations of power (i.e. “coloniality of power” or “coloniality”).
Originality/value
This paper contributes to debates within international development about the future of the discipline given its neo-colonial and colonial constitutions and functions with a grounded attention to how this opens up possibilities for teaching praxis and scholarship in action.
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Ever since its introduction, the concept of organisational slack has constituted the basis for a considerable body of research within behavioural science. A great deal of this…
Abstract
Ever since its introduction, the concept of organisational slack has constituted the basis for a considerable body of research within behavioural science. A great deal of this research has concentrated on budgetary slack, and within the field of public administration the focus has been on the slack‐ or budget‐maximising bureaucrat. As the reduction of slack is the purpose of many of the techniques which are part of the new public management, there is a need to focus on how to measure changes in the level of slack. The objective of this paper is to discuss the relationship between three central concepts within the research on slack: organizational slack, budgetary slack, and the discretionary budget; to assess whether these concepts are suitable for public organizations; and to discuss problems of measurement.
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Leo Cheatham and Carole Cheatham
Evidence in the literature repeatedly points towards failure to understand cash flow shortages as a major problem of small business operators. Theoretically, they should be able…
Abstract
Evidence in the literature repeatedly points towards failure to understand cash flow shortages as a major problem of small business operators. Theoretically, they should be able to use financial statements prepared by their accountants as planning and control tools. However, because of accountants' use of the accrual system, rather than cash, and the meticulous detail that tends to make statements too complicated for the untrained user, many operators simply do not attempt to use these statements.
James Shearer, Alex D. Wodak and Kate A. Dolan
The study evaluated the introduction of naltrexone in an Australian prison system for imprisoned male heroin users. Treatment outcomes were analysed for two sub‐samples taken from…
Abstract
The study evaluated the introduction of naltrexone in an Australian prison system for imprisoned male heroin users. Treatment outcomes were analysed for two sub‐samples taken from an unsuccessful randomised controlled trial. The first sample comprised 68 participants who were randomly allocated to naltrexone treatment. The second sample comprised 47 participants who commenced opioid pharmacotherapy during the study period. Thirteen per cent of subjects started naltrexone, with only 7% retained in treatment at six months. Six‐month retention was significantly lower in naltrexone compared to methadone (p = 0.0007). Poor patient acceptability and retention did not support oral naltrexone maintenance in this treatment group.
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