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Article
Publication date: 14 December 2020

Alia Al-Ghosoun, Ashraf S. Osman and Mohammed Seaid

The purpose of this study is twofold: first, to derive a consistent model free-surface runup flow problems over deformable beds. The authors couple the nonlinear one-dimensional…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is twofold: first, to derive a consistent model free-surface runup flow problems over deformable beds. The authors couple the nonlinear one-dimensional shallow water equations, including friction terms for the water free-surface and the two-dimensional second-order solid elastostatic equations for the bed deformation. Second, to develop a robust hybrid finite element/finite volume method for solving free-surface runup flow problems over deformable beds. The authors combine the finite volume for free-surface flows and the finite element method for bed elasticity.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors propose a new model for wave runup by static deformation on seabeds. The model consists of the depth-averaged shallow water system for the water free-surface coupled to the second-order elastostatic formulation for the bed deformation. At the interface between the water flow and the seabed, transfer conditions are implemented. Here, hydrostatic pressure and friction forces are considered for the elastostatic equations, whereas bathymetric forces are accounted for in the shallow water equations. As numerical solvers, the authors propose a well-balanced finite volume method for the flow system and a stabilized finite element method for elastostatics.

Findings

The developed coupled depth-averaged shallow water system and second-order solid elastostatic system is well suited for modeling wave runup by deformation on seabeds. The derived coupling conditions at the interface between the water flow and the bed topography resolve well the condition transfer between the two systems. The proposed hybrid finite volume element method is accurate and efficient for this class of models. The novel technique used for wet/dry treatment accurately captures the moving fronts in the computational domain without generating nonphysical oscillations. The presented numerical results demonstrate the high performance of the proposed methods.

Originality/value

Enhancing modeling and computations for wave runup problems is at an early stage in the literature, and it is a new and exciting area of research. To the best of our knowledge, solving wave runup problems by static deformation on seabeds using a hybrid finite volume element method is presented for the first time. The results of this research study, and the research methodologies, will have an important influence on a range of other scientists carrying out research in related fields.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 38 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 January 2006

Denis H. Camilleri

To provide data on the tsunami hazard of the Mediterranean region, to outline the Maltese Islands specific tsunami risks.

1505

Abstract

Purpose

To provide data on the tsunami hazard of the Mediterranean region, to outline the Maltese Islands specific tsunami risks.

Design/methodology/approach

The physics of tsunami and the tsunami magnitude scales are first introduced. The Mediterranean tsunami characteristics are introduced by reference to sources (1962‐2003). Following this the Mediterranean tsunami vulnerability assessment is undertaken. This then narrows down to assessing the Maltese tsunami hazards with reference to various newspaper articles, with finally a risk assessment for Malta tsunami exposure calculated.

Findings

Considering the high loss of life occurring in the Indian Ocean catastrophic tsunami, tsunami awareness hazards are to be kept ongoing whilst Malta should form part of an expected European Tsunami Warning System.

Practical implications

Planning is to consider various options available including tsunami barriers, evacuation paths, buildings with vertical evacuation facilities. It would be more prudent to work with nature by moving all inessential structures further into the interior and to protect the shoreline with suitable vegetation.

Originality/value

Creates a Mediterranean/Maltese awareness to tsunami hazards/risks in a highly developed tourist region.

Details

Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, vol. 15 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0965-3562

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 7 October 2019

Mario Ordaz, Mario Andrés Salgado-Gálvez, Benjamín Huerta, Juan Carlos Rodríguez and Carlos Avelar

The development of multi-hazard risk assessment frameworks has gained momentum in the recent past. Nevertheless, the common practice with openly available risk data sets, such as…

Abstract

Purpose

The development of multi-hazard risk assessment frameworks has gained momentum in the recent past. Nevertheless, the common practice with openly available risk data sets, such as the ones derived from the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction Global Risk Model, has been to assess risk individually for each peril and afterwards aggregate, when possible, the results. Although this approach is sufficient for perils that do not have any interaction between them, for the cases where such interaction exists, and losses can be assumed to occur simultaneously, there may be underestimation of losses. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper summarizes a methodology to integrate simultaneous losses caused by earthquakes and tsunamis, with a peril-agnostic approach that can be expanded to other hazards. The methodology is applied in two relevant locations in Latin America, Acapulco (Mexico) and Callao (Peru), considering in each case building by building exposure databases with portfolios of different characteristics, where the results obtained with the proposed approach are compared against those obtained after the direct aggregation of individual losses.

Findings

The fully probabilistic risk assessment framework used herein is the same of the global risk model but applied at a much higher resolution level of the hazard and exposure data sets, showing its scalability characteristics and the opportunities to refine certain inputs to move forward into decision-making activities related to disaster risk management and reduction.

Originality/value

This paper applies for the first time the proposed methodology in a high-resolution multi-hazard risk assessment for earthquake and tsunami in two major coastal cities in Latin America.

Details

Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, vol. 28 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0965-3562

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 16 May 2023

Udari Gunarathna, Chaminda Senarathna Bandara, Ranjith Dissanayake and Harsha Munasinghe

The lessons learned from the 2004 tsunami phenomenon fueled the government and other local authorities to strengthen the legitimate background to mitigate such devastation in…

Abstract

Purpose

The lessons learned from the 2004 tsunami phenomenon fueled the government and other local authorities to strengthen the legitimate background to mitigate such devastation in future events. This study aims to propose a standardized tsunami-resilient construction guideline for Sri Lanka by integrating existing local and international standards.

Design/methodology/approach

A comprehensive literature survey was carried out to undertake the study, with a wide-ranging content and thematic analysis of existing tsunami-resilient construction aspects in Sri Lanka. Integrating all existing guidelines with international standards, finally, a consolidated guideline with significant tsunami-resilient building aspects was proposed for stakeholders involved with the resilient built environment in tsunami-prone areas, particularly during the building construction in the coastal belt.

Findings

The existing tsunami-resilient guidelines in Sri Lanka follow similar aspects but in different dimensions. Compared to the international standards, few significant aspects create a gap in local guidelines. Thus, the findings demonstrated that the existing local guidelines must be modified and strengthened by mainstreaming into international practices.

Research limitations/implications

Existing guidelines are more concerned with structural aspects. Nevertheless, proper integration of local and international guidelines would be more favorable to minimizing existing local guidelines’ gaps. Further, a standardized tsunami-resilient building guideline would be a referring document for all stakeholders in tsunami-resilient constructions.

Practical implications

By aligning local guidelines with international standards, the reliability of the guidelines will be increased and direct the built environment to quality disaster-resilient constructions.

Social implications

Through a standardized guideline, the community can rely on tsunami-resilient construction in coastal cities.

Originality/value

The consolidated guideline further contains the essentials of city resilience in tsunamis and would be an excellent reference for relevant stakeholders than aligning with several guidelines.

Details

International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, vol. 14 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1759-5908

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 23 August 2013

Adam Y.C. Lei and Huihua Li

The purpose of this paper is to determine whether information produced in the takeover process or changes in firm characteristics after takeovers affect bidder liquidity.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to determine whether information produced in the takeover process or changes in firm characteristics after takeovers affect bidder liquidity.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper compares the liquidity changes for bidders that complete their takeovers (successful bidders) and bidders that eventually withdraw their takeover attempts (unsuccessful bidders) to disentangle the information production hypothesis and the firm characteristics hypothesis. The authors use both media mentions and changes in the standard deviation of market model residuals to proxy for the information produced in the takeover process, intraday data to construct the liquidity measures, and regression analyses to examine the determinants of bidder liquidity changes.

Findings

This paper finds that unsuccessful bidders experience no less information production than successful bidders during the takeover process, but only successful bidders enjoy liquidity improvements. Once the authors control for the changes in firm characteristics, whether a takeover is successful or not no longer affects bidder liquidity. Moreover, information production reduces information asymmetry for successful Nasdaq bidders but not NYSE bidders. These findings collectively support the firm characteristics hypothesis but also suggest a role of information production on firms with higher information asymmetry.

Originality/value

This paper provides the direct evidence that the information produced in the takeover process does not lead to liquidity improvements of the bidders. It also supplements existing literature with a more comprehensive sample and sheds light on how acquisition withdrawals affect firms' liquidity.

Details

Managerial Finance, vol. 39 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4358

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 19 April 2018

Frederick Davis, Thomas Walker and Linyi Zhou

Within the context of mergers and acquisitions, the purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the deal initiator and various outcomes of the deal, particularly…

Abstract

Purpose

Within the context of mergers and acquisitions, the purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the deal initiator and various outcomes of the deal, particularly in consideration of the cash position of the acquiring firm.

Design/methodology/approach

Using hand-collected deal initiation data from various filings on the Securities Exchange Commission EDGAR online database, this paper performs a series of event study analyses, multivariate analyses, a Heckman two-step estimation procedure, and an instrumental variable approach to examine merger outcomes.

Findings

This paper finds that many merger and acquisition (M&A) outcomes (target and acquirer announcement returns, acquirer long-run returns, premiums, and the method of payment) are significantly related to deal initiation, particularly in consideration of the cash position of the acquiring firm. Overall, evidence is seen as consistent with the theory that “lemons” selectively approach cash-rich acquirers, often to the acquirers’ detriment.

Originality/value

This paper finds that target-initiated deals are not necessarily associated with poorer transaction outcomes for targets as contemporaneous studies suggest, and presents the first empirical evidence of M&A outcomes related to the deal initiator which are dependent on the cash position of the acquiring firm.

Details

International Journal of Managerial Finance, vol. 14 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1743-9132

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 29 May 2023

Jane Lu Hsu and Pankaj Sharma

The increasing frequency and intensity of the extreme weather events could cause devastating consequences in tourism. Climate change–related extreme weather events and their…

2889

Abstract

Purpose

The increasing frequency and intensity of the extreme weather events could cause devastating consequences in tourism. Climate change–related extreme weather events and their relation to tourism is an emerging field for education and research. The purpose of this study is to categorize the impact of climate change on tourist destinations with regard to extreme weather-related risks in outdoor recreation and tourism. Managerial implications for policymakers and stakeholders are discussed.

Design/methodology/approach

To outline the risks from climate change associated with tourism, this study uses the Prisma analysis for identification, screening, checking for eligibility and finding relevant literature for further categorization.

Findings

Based on a thoroughly examination of relevant literature, risks and threats posed by climate change could be categorized into following four areas: reduced experiential value in outdoor winter recreation; reduced value in beach scenery and comfort; land degradation and reduced biodiversity; and reduced value in personal safety and comfort in tourism. It also focuses on the significance of using big data applications in catastrophic disaster management and risk reduction. Recommendations with technology and data analytics to continuously improve the disaster management process in tourism education are provided based on findings of this study.

Originality/value

Primary contributions of this study include the following: providing a summarized overview of the risks associated with climate change in terms of tourist experiential value for educational implications; and revealing the role of data analytics in disaster management in the context of tourism and climate change for tourism education.

Details

International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, vol. 15 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-8692

Keywords

Abstract

Details

The Rebirth of Bourbon: Building a Tourism Economy in Small-Town, USA
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83867-711-4

Article
Publication date: 13 March 2009

Mason Gaffney

A tax based on land value is in many ways ideal, but many economists dismiss it by assuming it could not raise enough revenue. Standard sources of data omit much of the potential…

4073

Abstract

Purpose

A tax based on land value is in many ways ideal, but many economists dismiss it by assuming it could not raise enough revenue. Standard sources of data omit much of the potential tax base, and undervalue what they do measure. The purpose of this paper is to present more comprehensive and accurate measures of land rents and values, and several modes of raising revenues from them besides the conventional property tax.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper identifies 16 elements of land's taxable capacity that received authorities either trivialize or omit. These 16 elements come in four groups.

Findings

In Group A, Elements 1‐4 correct for the downward bias in standard sources. In Group B, Elements 5‐10 broaden the concepts of land and rent beyond the conventional narrow perception, while Elements 11‐12 estimate rents to be gained by abating other kinds of taxes. In Group C, Elements 13‐14 explain how using the land tax, since it has no excess burden, uncaps feasible tax rates. In Group D, Elements 15‐16 define some moot possibilities that may warrant further exploration.

Originality/value

This paper shows how previous estimates of rent and land values have been narrowly limited to a fraction of the whole, thus giving a false impression that the tax capacity is low. The paper adds 14 elements to the traditional narrow “single tax” base, plus two moot elements advanced for future consideration. Any one of these 16 elements indicates a much higher land tax base than economists commonly recognize today. Taken together they are overwhelming, and cast an entirely new light on this subject.

Details

International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 36 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0306-8293

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 30 April 2020

Perumandla Karunakar and Snehashish Chakraverty

The purpose of this paper is to find the solution of classical nonlinear shallow-water wave (SWW) equations in particular to the tsunami wave propagation in crisp and interval…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to find the solution of classical nonlinear shallow-water wave (SWW) equations in particular to the tsunami wave propagation in crisp and interval environment.

Design/methodology/approach

Homotopy perturbation method (HPM) has been used for handling crisp and uncertain differential equations governing SWW equations.

Findings

The wave height and depth-averaged velocity of a tsunami wave in crisp and interval cases have been obtained.

Originality/value

Present results by HPM are compared with the existing solution (in crisp case), and they are found to be in good agreement. Also, the residual error of the solutions is found for the convergence conformation and reliability of the present results.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 31 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

1 – 10 of 17