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1 – 10 of over 169000
Article
Publication date: 1 August 2016

Jaewoong Lee and InHwan Sul

As an extended work of the previous paper (Sul, 2010), this paper provides a guideline information for an anonymous garment pattern in sewing process. The purpose of this paper is…

Abstract

Purpose

As an extended work of the previous paper (Sul, 2010), this paper provides a guideline information for an anonymous garment pattern in sewing process. The purpose of this paper is to first, provide garment pattern database. By simply taking pictures of garment patterns, the shape database is constructed. Once the shape database is prepared, data retrieval can be done by image indexing, i.e., simply inserting garment pattern boundary shape again to the database. Using shock graph methodology, the pattern sets used for database preparation can be exactly retrieved. Second, to find the nearest shape of a given input pattern shape in the database. If the input garment pattern shape does not exist in the database, the shape matching algorithm provides the next similar pattern data. The user, who is assumed to be non-expert in garment sewing process, can easily predict the position and combination information of various patterns.

Design/methodology/approach

Image processing is used to construct the garment pattern shape database. The boundary shapes are extracted from the photographs of garment patterns and their shape recognition information, especially shock graph, is also recorded for later pattern data retrieval.

Findings

Using the image processing technique, garment patterns can be converted to electronic format easily. Also the prepared pattern database can be used for finding the nearest shape of an additional given input garment pattern. Patterns with irregular shapes were retrieved easily, while those with a simple shape, such as rectangle, showed a little erroneous result.

Originality/value

Shape recognition has been adopted in various industrial areas, except for garment sewing process. Using the provided methodology, garment pattern shapes can be easily saved and retrieved only by taking pictures of them.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 28 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 2 August 2011

Munish Chhabra and Rupinder Singh

This paper seeks to review the industrial applications of state‐of‐the‐art additive manufacturing (AM) techniques in metal casting technology. An extensive survey of concepts…

3938

Abstract

Purpose

This paper seeks to review the industrial applications of state‐of‐the‐art additive manufacturing (AM) techniques in metal casting technology. An extensive survey of concepts, techniques, approaches and suitability of various commercialised rapid casting (RC) solutions with traditional casting methods is presented.

Design/methodology/approach

The tooling required for producing metal casting such as fabrication of patterns, cores and moulds with RC directly by using different approaches are presented and evaluated. Relevant case studies and examples explaining the suitability and problems of using RC solutions by various manufacturers and researchers are also presented.

Findings

Latest research to optimize the current RC solutions, and new inventions in processing techniques and materials in RC performed by researchers worldwide are also discussed. The discussion regarding the benefits of RC solutions to foundrymen, and challenges to produce accurate and cost‐effective RC amongst AM manufacturers concludes this paper.

Research limitations/implications

The research related to this survey is limited to the applicability of RC solutions to sand casting and investment casting processes. There is practically no implication in industrial application of RC technology.

Originality/value

This review presents the information regarding potential AM application – RC, which facilitates the fabrication of patterns, cores and moulds directly using the computer‐aided design data. The information available in this paper serves the purpose of researchers and academicians to explore the new options in the field of RC and especially users, manufacturers and service industries to produce casting in relatively much shorter time and at low cost and even to cast complex design components which otherwise was impossible by using traditional casting processes and CNC technology.

Article
Publication date: 27 March 2009

Hadi Grailu, Mojtaba Lotfizad and Hadi Sadoghi‐Yazdi

The purpose of this paper is to propose a lossy/lossless binary textual image compression method based on an improved pattern matching (PM) technique.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose a lossy/lossless binary textual image compression method based on an improved pattern matching (PM) technique.

Design/methodology/approach

In the Farsi/Arabic script, contrary to the printed Latin script, letters usually attach together and produce various patterns. Hence, some patterns are fully or partially subsets of some others. Two new ideas are proposed here. First, the number of library prototypes is reduced by detecting and then removing the fully or partially similar prototypes. Second, a new effective pattern encoding scheme is proposed for all types of patterns including text and graphics. The new encoding scheme has two operation modes of chain coding and soft PM, depending on the ratio of the pattern area to its chain code effective length. In order to encode the number sequences, the authors have modified the multi‐symbol QM‐coder. The proposed method has three levels for the lossy compression. Each level, in its turn, further increases the compression ratio. The first level includes applying some processing in the chain code domain such as omission of small patterns and holes, omission of inner holes of characters, and smoothing the boundaries of the patterns. The second level includes the selective pixel reversal technique, and the third level includes using the proposed method of prioritizing the residual patterns for encoding, with respect to their degree of compactness.

Findings

Experimental results show that the compression performance of the proposed method is considerably better than that of the best existing binary textual image compression methods as high as 1.6‐3 times in the lossy case and 1.3‐2.4 times in the lossless case at 300 dpi. The maximum compression ratios are achieved for Farsi and Arabic textual images.

Research limitations/implications

Only the binary printed typeset textual images are considered.

Practical implications

The proposed method has a high‐compression ratio for archiving and storage applications.

Originality/value

To the authors' best knowledge, the existing textual image compression methods or standards have not so far exploited the property of full or partial similarity of prototypes for increasing the compression ratio for any scripts. Also, the idea of combining the boundary description methods with the run‐length and arithmetic coding techniques has not so far been used.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics, vol. 2 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-378X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 February 1992

B.M. McCormack

A high percentage of circuit boards manufactured in the electronics industry are of an irregular shape and are produced on a standard panel outline to facilitate assembly…

Abstract

A high percentage of circuit boards manufactured in the electronics industry are of an irregular shape and are produced on a standard panel outline to facilitate assembly handling. The unused pieces of circuit board pass through the same processes as the useful parts and are normally discarded. This excess material could, among other things, be used to evaluate the quality of a bare board or an assembly. This paper will highlight the usefulness of designing test patterns on this excess material, namely test coupons, in terms of how these can be used to monitor all of the manufacturing and assembly process steps. It will also show how these coupons can be used to make the board easier to assemble and how they may actually lead to an improvement in the quality of the assembly and an increase in production yields. Suggestions will be made as to the types of test pattern that can be used, as well as how these patterns can be utilised as process control checkers. Since the test coupons are incorporated in the board design, a quality check of 100% of the boards that are being processed is possible. This would highlight any board‐to‐board variation if it were present. It would also allow for destructive testing to be carried out, without damaging any of the working product. The applications of these patterns are wide ranging. They can be used to check bare board quality—etch definition, layer registration, plating quality, solder mask definition etc. They can also be used to monitor the assembly processes for SMT and conventional PTH assembly types—cut and clinch quality, paste printing quality, onsertion accuracy, reflow/flow soldering quality and assembly cleanliness, among others. Many of these applications are examined in this paper.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 18 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

Article
Publication date: 8 June 2021

Boby John

The purpose of this paper is to develop a control chart pattern recognition methodology for monitoring the weekly customer complaints of outsourced information technology-enabled…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a control chart pattern recognition methodology for monitoring the weekly customer complaints of outsourced information technology-enabled service (ITeS) processes.

Design/methodology/approach

A two-step methodology is used to classify the processes as having natural or unnatural variation based on past 20 weeks' customer complaints. The step one is to simulate data on various control chart patterns namely natural variation, upward shift, upward trend, etc. Then a deep learning neural network model consisting of two dense layers is developed to classify the patterns as of natural or unnatural variation.

Findings

The validation of the methodology on telecom vertical processes has correctly detected unnatural variations in two terminated processes. The implementation of the methodology on banking and financial vertical processes has detected unnatural variation in one of the processes. This helped the company management to take remedial actions, renegotiate the deal and get it renewed for another period.

Practical implications

This study provides valuable information on controlling information technology-enabled processes using pattern recognition methodology. The methodology gives a lot of flexibility to managers to monitor multiple processes collectively and avoids the manual plotting and interpretation of control charts.

Originality/value

The application of control chart pattern recognition methodology for monitoring service industry processes are rare. This is an application of the methodology for controlling information technology-enabled processes. This study also demonstrates the usefulness of deep learning techniques for process control.

Details

International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, vol. 71 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1741-0401

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 27 February 2024

Shaoyu Ye and Kevin K.W. Ho

This study explored how the use of different social media is related to subjective well-being among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.

Abstract

Purpose

This study explored how the use of different social media is related to subjective well-being among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.

Design/methodology/approach

We surveyed 1,681 university students in the Kanto region of Japan in May 2021 to investigate how social media use relates to subjective well-being. We also examined the effects of self-consciousness and friendship, self-presentation desire, generalized trust, online communication skills, depression tendency and social support from others.

Findings

The responses revealed 15 possible patterns of social media usage on four widely used social media in Japan (LINE, Twitter, Instagram and Facebook). We selected users with the top five patterns for further statistical analyses: LINE/Twitter/Instagram/Facebook, LINE/Twitter/Instagram, LINE/Twitter, LINE/Instagram and LINE only. Overall, self-establishment as a factor of self-consciousness and friendship, and social support from others had positive effects on the improvement of subjective well-being, whereas depression tendency had negative effects on their subjective well-being regardless of their usage patterns, of which the results of social support from others and depression tendency were consistent with the results of previous studies. Regarding other factors, they had different effects on subjective well-being due to different patterns. Effects on subjective well-being from self-indeterminate and self-independency as factors of self-consciousness and friendship, praise acquisition, self-appeal and topic avoidance as factors of self-presentation desire were observed.

Originality/value

This is among the earliest studies on the relationship between young generations’ social media use and subjective well-being through social media usage patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.

Details

Library Hi Tech, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0737-8831

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 18 August 2022

Hany Osman and Soumaya Yacout

In this paper, a data mining approach is proposed for monitoring the conditions leading to a rail wheel high impact load. The proposed approach incorporates logical analysis of…

Abstract

Purpose

In this paper, a data mining approach is proposed for monitoring the conditions leading to a rail wheel high impact load. The proposed approach incorporates logical analysis of data (LAD) and ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithms in extracting patterns of high impact loads and normal loads from historical railway records. In addition, the patterns are employed in establishing a classification model used for classifying unseen observations. A case study representing real-world impact load data is presented to illustrate the impact of the proposed approach in improving railway services.

Design/methodology/approach

Application of artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches becomes an essential tool in improving the performance of railway transportation systems. By using these approaches, the knowledge extracted from historical data can be employed in railway assets monitoring to maintain the assets in a reliable state and to improve the service provided by the railway network.

Findings

Results achieved by the proposed approach provide a prognostic system used for monitoring the conditions surrounding rail wheels. Incorporating this prognostic system in surveilling the rail wheels indeed results in better railway services as trips with no-delay or no-failure can be realized. A comparative study is conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach versus other classification algorithms. In addition to the highly interpretable results obtained by the generated patterns, the comparative study demonstrates that the proposed approach provides classification accuracy higher than other common machine learning classification algorithms.

Originality/value

The methodology followed in this research employs ACO algorithm as an artificial intelligent technique and LDA as a machine learning algorithm in analyzing wheel impact load alarm-collected datasets. This new methodology provided a promising classification model to predict future alarm and a prognostic system to guide the system while avoiding this alarm.

Details

Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, vol. 29 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2511

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 23 August 2013

Auhood Alfaries, David Bell and Mark Lycett

The purpose of the research is to speed up the process of semantic web services by transformation of current Web services into semantic web services. This can be achieved by…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the research is to speed up the process of semantic web services by transformation of current Web services into semantic web services. This can be achieved by applying ontology learning techniques to automatically extract domain ontologies.

Design/methodology/approach

The work here presents a Service Ontology Learning Framework (SOLF), the core aspect of which extracts Structured Interpretation Patterns (SIP). These patterns are used to automate the acquisition (from production domain specific Web Services) of ontological concepts and the relations between those concepts.

Findings

A Semantic Web of accessible and re‐usable software services is able to support the increasingly dynamic and time‐limited development process. This is premised on the efficient and effective creation of supporting domain ontology.

Research limitations/implications

Though WSDL documents provide important application level service description, they alone are not sufficient for OL however, as: they typically provide technical descriptions only; and in many cases, Web services use XSD files to provide data type definitions. The need to include (and combine) other Web service resources in the OL process is therefore an important one.

Practical implications

Web service domain ontologies are the general means by which semantics are added to Web services; typically used as a common domain model and referenced by annotated or externally described Web artefacts (e.g. Web services). The development and deployment of Semantic Web services by enterprises and the wider business community has the potential to radically improve planned and ad‐hoc service re‐use. The reality is slower however, in good part because the development of an appropriate ontology is an expensive, error prone and labor intensive task. The proposed SOLF framework is aimed to overcome this problem by contributing a framework and a tool that can be used to build web service domain ontologies automatically.

Originality/value

The output of the SOLF process is an automatically generated OWL domain ontology, a basis from which a future Semantic Web Services can be delivered using existing Web services. It can be seen that the ontology created moves beyond basic taxonomy – extracting and relating concepts at a number of levels. More importantly, the approach provides integrated knowledge (represented by the individual WSDL documents) from a number of domain experts across a group of banks.

Article
Publication date: 9 March 2010

Xiaoming Luo and Matthew C. Frank

The purpose of this paper is to present an algorithm for an additive/subtractive rapid pattern manufacturing (RPM) process where thick slabs of material are sequentially stacked…

1488

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present an algorithm for an additive/subtractive rapid pattern manufacturing (RPM) process where thick slabs of material are sequentially stacked and then cut to 3D shapes. Unlike traditional rapid prototyping processes where layer thickness is typically uniform, this process is able to vary the layer thickness in order to most effectively generate feature shapes.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper discusses the factors affecting layer thickness decisions and then presents an algorithm to determine layer thicknesses for a given part model. The system is designed to import a computer‐aided design file and use the algorithm to automatically generate the set of layers based on the slab height, material and bonding properties and the process parameters used in the system.

Findings

The layer thickness algorithm is implemented and tested using an additive/subtractive manufacturing system developed in the laboratory. The algorithm has proved effective in determining appropriate layer heights for thick slab machining, taking into account a variety of geometries. Several sand casting patterns have been successfully created using the proposed system, which could significantly improve traditional sand casting pattern manufacturing.

Originality/value

The proposed RPM process is a new process presented by the authors, developed for rapid sand castings. The layer thickness algorithm is an original contribution that enables automatic process planning for this new process.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 16 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 18 January 2016

Sunpreet Singh and Rupinder Singh

This paper aims to review the industrial and biomedical applications of state-of-the-art fused deposition modelling (FDM)-assisted investment casting (FDMAIC). Brief literature…

1291

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to review the industrial and biomedical applications of state-of-the-art fused deposition modelling (FDM)-assisted investment casting (FDMAIC). Brief literature survey of methodologies, ideas, techniques and approaches used by various researchers is highlighted and use of hybrid feedstock filament-based pattern to produce metal matrix composite is duly discussed.

Design/methodology/approach

Pattern replica required for investment casting (IC) of biomedical implant, machine parts, dentistry and other industrial components can be directly produced by using FDM process is presented. Relevant studies and examples explaining the suitability of FDMAIC for various applications are also presented.

Findings

Researches to optimize the conventional IC with FDM solutions and develop new hybrid feedstock filament of FDM done by researchers worldwide are also discussed. The review highlights the benefit of FDMAIC to surgeons, engineers and manufacturing organizations.

Research limitations/implications

The research related to this survey is limited to the suitability and applicability of FDMAIC.

Originality/value

This review presents the information regarding potential IC application, which facilitates the society, engineers and manufacturing organizations by providing variety of components for assisting FDM. The information reported in this paper will serve doctors, researchers, organizations and academicians to explore the new options in the field of FDMAIC.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 22 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

Keywords

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