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1 – 10 of 141The purpose of this paper is to explore the anti-social behaviour (ASB) measures for under-18s contained in the Anti-social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Bill, examining how they…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the anti-social behaviour (ASB) measures for under-18s contained in the Anti-social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Bill, examining how they differ from the current ASB framework and their likely implications for young people and society.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper is based on desk-based research of the proposed and existing ASB measures. It also draws on the author's experience as a parliamentary campaigner on the Bill for the Standing Committee for Youth Justice.
Findings
The paper finds that there is little difference in the substance of the proposed and existing ASB measures for under-18s. The key change of note is that the new powers will be easier and quicker to obtain, which is likely to be particularly counterproductive for children and young people.
Originality/value
This paper will be valuable to practitioners seeking to understand the new ASB proposals and their likely implications for practice and society.
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Robin Mackenzie and John Watts
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the common and statutory law governing children's capacity or competence to consent to and to refuse medical treatment is…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the common and statutory law governing children's capacity or competence to consent to and to refuse medical treatment is unsatisfactory and to suggest solutions.
Design/methodology/approach
Critical legal analysis of the law on assessing minors’ decision-making capacity in relation to legal recognition of their consent to and refusal of medical treatment.
Findings
Without legal mechanisms which protect both children and their rights, all children and young people are effectively disabled from exercising age and capacity-related autonomy and participation in decisions affecting their lives. Yet in English law, inconsistencies between legal and clinical measures of decision-making capacity, situations where compulsory medical or mental health treatment is lawful, and tensions between rights and duties associated with human rights, autonomy, best interests and protections for the vulnerable create difficulties for clinicians, lawyers and patients.
Research limitations/implications
As the paper acknowledges in its recommendations, the views of stakeholders are needed to enrich and inform legal reforms in this area.
Originality/value
The paper makes suggestions to amend the law and clinical practice which are original and far reaching. The paper suggests that in order to observe children's rights while protecting them appropriately, the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and Deprivations of Liberty Safeguards should be applied to minors. The paper recommends the establishment of Mental Capacity Tribunals, similar in nature and purpose to Mental Health Tribunals, to provide legal safeguards and mechanisms to foster the supported decision-making envisaged in recent United Nations Conventions.
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The Employment Secretary's new training proposals are accepted in education only because, in a desperate situation, anything is regarded as better than nothing. The New Training…
Abstract
The Employment Secretary's new training proposals are accepted in education only because, in a desperate situation, anything is regarded as better than nothing. The New Training Initiative (NTI) is too little in terms of resources; too late in the light of the deplorable prospects facing young people; too ad hoc and isolated from existing provision, especially further education, to create genuine new opportunities. It does not even aim at immediate provision for all unemployed under‐18s and, ignoring the lessons of the 1964 Industrial Training Act, it places on industry the main responsibility for training.
Economic update.
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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB245377
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of recent changes in young people's consumption of alcohol in Britain before then charting emerging academic perspectives and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of recent changes in young people's consumption of alcohol in Britain before then charting emerging academic perspectives and some of the recent regulatory and legislative changes.
Design/methodology/approach
The approach takes the form of a selective narrative review of young people's alcohol consumption in the last ten years through an analysis of key British and European secondary schools surveys, alongside select qualitative studies of relevance.
Findings
There has been increased heavy drinking per session by some young people in the UK from the early 1990s, with a perceived growing public tolerance of drunkenness by many more. In recent years there is evidence that this heavy sessional consumption by youth and young adults is starting to level off. However, there are also growing numbers of occasional drinkers and abstainers, suggesting a polarisation of drinking patterns amongst young people since 2000.
Originality/value
Early indications that alcohol consumption has levelled off by youth, as well as young adults, since the turn of the century suggests that some of the most highly publicised excesses of 1990s alcohol‐frenzied leisure may have run their course. Possible reasons for both the 1990s increase and the 2000s levelling‐off are explored, including shifts in reporting patterns and tastes, interventions to address underage drinking and binge drinking, alongside broader legislative, socio‐economic and cultural changes in the drinks industry, the night time economy and the regulation and policing of public space.
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Focuses on the workforce characteristics of the German and UK operations of McDonald’s Corporation. The UK workforce is characterised by predominantly young workers with very…
Abstract
Focuses on the workforce characteristics of the German and UK operations of McDonald’s Corporation. The UK workforce is characterised by predominantly young workers with very limited work experience, the German workforce is much older and mostly foreign workers. The analysis suggests that despite these differences and differences in labour market regulation, there is a key similarity between the workforces. The corporation is able to draw on similarly “weak” and marginalised segments of the labour market and these segments are likely to be particularly acquiescent to managerial prerogative. National institutional arrangements can still constrain the employment relations policies of multinational enterprises (MNEs). However, this analysis supports the notion that there is a growing diversity within national systems increasingly explained by MNE policies and practices. This does not necessarily mean that national systems are becoming redundant, but that there is a dynamic relationship between such systems and the needs of MNEs.
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The purpose of this paper is to explore whether there are ways in which the preventive strategies used to tackle volatile substance abuse (VSA) can be usefully applied to today’s…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore whether there are ways in which the preventive strategies used to tackle volatile substance abuse (VSA) can be usefully applied to today’s new psychoactive substances (NPS).
Design/methodology/approach
In 2010-2013, with funding from the Big Lottery, Re-Solv, in partnership with St George’s, University of London, and educari, commissioned a re-analysis of both the mortality data relating to VSA and of the legislative and preventative measures taken that may have played a part in the steady downward trend in VSA mortality since. This paper is informed by Re-Solv’s research findings and the papers resulting from it, namely, Ives (2013) and Butland et al. (2013).
Findings
Efforts to reduce the harm from NPS could benefit from a re-examination of preventive approaches to VSA, which have resulted in a downward trend in mortality over the past two decades.
Social implications
There is evidence from past prevention practice which could be relevant and applied to present day concerns about drugs and substances not previously available or used.
Originality/value
This is the first paper to explore how learning from VSA might be applied to NPS and the “legal highs” of today.
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When a problem with underage drinking in the seaside town of Hastings was highlighted by an analysis into public place violent crime, the local community safety partnership ‐ the…
Abstract
When a problem with underage drinking in the seaside town of Hastings was highlighted by an analysis into public place violent crime, the local community safety partnership ‐ the Safer Hastings Partnership ‐ turned to 175 local young people to ask them directly about their experiences and perceptions of underage drinking and antisocial behaviour. The findings were both enlightening and concerning, but have enabled more effective enforcement activity and have led to local young people themselves using the findings of the consultation to develop educational resources targeted at their peers.
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