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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of materials, three dimensional (3D) structure and number of fabric layers on ultraviolet protection factor (UPF), air permeability and thickness of fabrics.

Total 24 fabrics samples were developed using two 3D structures and two weft materials. In warp direction cotton (CT) yarn and in weft direction polypropylene (PP) and polyester (PET) were used. Air permeability, thickness and UPF testings were performed and relationship among fabric layers, air permeability, thickness and UPF was developed.

UPF and thickness of fabrics increases with number of fabric layers, whereas air permeability decreases with the increase in number of fabric layers. Furthermore, change of multilayer structure from angle interlock to orthogonal interlock having same base weave does not give significant effect on UPF. However, change of material from polyester (PET) to polypropylene (PP) has a dominant effect on UPF. Minimum of three layers of cotton/polyester fabric, without any aid of ultraviolet radiation (UV) resistant coating, are required to achieve good. Cotton/polyester fabrics are more appropriate for outdoor application due to their long-term resistance with sunlight exposure.

Long-term exposure to UV is detrimental. So, there is need of proper selection of material and fabric to achieve ultraviolet protection. 3D fabrics have yarns in X, Y as well as in Z directions which provide better ultraviolet protection as compared to two dimensional (2D) fabrics. In literature, mostly work was done on ultraviolet protection of 2D fabrics and surface coating of fabrics. There is limited work found on UPF of 3D woven fabrics.

The purpose of this study is to develop a multifunctional coating layer based on nitrocellulose (NC)/acrylic resins containing precipitated silica and kaolin and investigate its suitability for use in packaging applications.

Different loading levels (1 and 5 Wt.%) of precipitated silica or kaolin particles were incorporated into NC/acrylic-based coating formulations and applied on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films. The coatings and coated LDPE films were characterized in terms of structural, physical, mechanical, thermal, optical, surface, morphological and water vapor barrier properties.

The glossiness of the coating formulations decreased by increasing the precipitated silica and kaolin content. The incorporation of kaolin (1 and 5 Wt.%) and precipitated silica (1 Wt.%) had no significant effect on the melting temperature of LDPE film; however, with the addition of 5 Wt.% precipitated silica, the melting and crystallization temperatures were significantly changed. The incorporation of 5 Wt.% precipitated silica and kaolin also enhanced the water vapor barrier properties of LDPE films. The light transmittance declined with the precipitated silica and kaolin addition, especially in the ultraviolet (UV)-A/UV-B spectrum regions indicating an excellent UV light protection.

It was concluded that NC/acrylic resins coatings containing precipitated silica and kaolin exhibit improved thermal stability, UV and water vapor barrier properties and have the potential for use in packaging applications.

The purpose of this study is to identify effective lighting criteria in the museum from two theoretical and practical points of view.

Assessment of theoretical and practical weight of criteria was taken with the aim of concurrent attention in scientific and executive. Finally, ten effective criteria were identified by the Pareto chart.

The findings of this study represents a centralized reference source of the most important criteria and also effective guidance to improve the lighting quality and effective guideline to improve the lighting quality and operational fluency.

The paper can help the lighting experts, contemporary designers and future researchers to enhance the lighting function in art museums and design based on needs as well as up-to-date techniques.

Lighting as a fundamental element in the existing art museum has a significant impact on the better understanding of the artworks by the viewers. On the other hand, according to the importance of protecting valuable museum artefacts, lighting can have an effective or destructive impact on them directly. But with consideration of different museum lighting, there is a large range of effective lighting criteria that can choose the right methods harder.

The purpose of this study was carried out to explore the potential use of carrageenan extracted from marine red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) collected from Munaikadu, Mandapam region, Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu.

Biodegradable film was developed by using carrageenan extracted by using alcohol extraction method. To improve the mechanical properties of the film, rice starch was incorporated. The biodegradable films were made by phase inversion method with varied carrageenan concentration of 1%, 1.5% and 2% (w/v) and rice starch with concentration of 0%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% (w/v). Physical properties, optical properties, mechanical properties and other properties such as biodegradability, solubility and water vapor permeability of the developed biodegradable films were characterized. The results were analyzed in design expert software using Box–Behnken design.

Results show that the biodegradable film’s mechanical and water vapor permeability increases with an increase in carrageenan and rice starch concentration. The optimized film structure was obtained with carrageenan and rice starch composition of 1.5% and 2%, respectively.

The results shown a broad spectrum of commercial applications and future rice starch possibilities incorporated in the carrageenan-based biodegradable film.

This review deals with the pros and cons of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on human beings and the role of textile clothing and the chemicals used for textiles to protect from their harmful effects.

UV radiation (UVR) which has further divided into UVA, UVB, and UVC. Almost 100% of UVC and major portion of UVB are bounced back to stratosphere by ozone layer while UVA enters the earth atmosphere. Excessive exposure of solar or artificial UVR exhibit potential risks to human health. UVR is a major carcinogen and excessive exposure of solar radiation in sunlight can cause cancer in the lip, skin squamous cell, basal cell and cutaneous melanoma, particularly in people with the fair skin.

This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the harmful effects of UVR on human skin, factors affecting UV irradiance and factors affecting UV protection offered by textile clothing.

Effect of fiber properties, yarn properties, fabric construction, fabric treatments and laundering has been reviewed along with the identification of gaps in the reported research. A comparison of inorganic and organic UV absorbers has also been given along with different testing and evaluation methods for UV protective clothing.

Equisetum arvense L. (Equisetum) is a weed that is very difficult to remove because of its deep roots. The purpose of this paper is to examine the dyeability and antioxidant activity of Equisetum extracted from hot water.

Dry Equisetum was extracted at 100°C for 2 h, and its dyeability according to time, temperature and repetition cycle, and the mordant effect by skim milk powder were confirmed. The color change according to the K/S, fastness to rubbing, light, sweat and washing, UV protection rate and antioxidant activity were evaluated.

UV‒Vis spectroscopy showed that the Equisetum extract contained a flavonoid compound. The addition of Equisetum to artificial silk produced the greatest color difference when dyed at 60°C for 1 h, and the K/S value increased slightly after the pre-mordant treatment. In the fastness test, light and washing had no significant effect, but the fastness to rubbing was very good at Grades 4 and 5, and there was also a considerable improvement in the UV protection rate. The antioxidant activity of the extract was confirmed by an analysis of the radical scavenging ability through the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl-hydrazyl) and ABTS ([2,2’- azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothialzoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt]) tests.

These results revealed a new natural antioxidant-containing dyestuff, weed grass, which is easy to obtain, easy to use as a dyeing material and has excellent antioxidant activity in an extracted dye solution and dyeing fabric.

This paper aims to study the effect of ultraviolet (UV) light on the corrosion behavior of BC550 weathering steel in simulated marine atmospheric environment.

The effect of UV light on the corrosion behavior of BC550 weathering steel in simulated marine atmospheric environments were investigated by the corrosion weight gain experiment, in situ electrochemical noise, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction.

UV light accelerated the corrosion process of BC550 weathering steel in the simulated marine atmospheric environment during the first 168 h. The maximum influence factor of UV light was 0.32, and it was only 0.08 after 168 h of corrosion process.

As the extension of corrosion time, the thickness and density of the corrosion product layer increased, which weakened the acceleration effect of UV light.

Examines the tenth published year of the ITCRR. Runs the whole gamut of textile innovation, research and testing, some of which investigates hitherto untouched aspects. Subjects discussed include cotton fabric processing, asbestos substitutes, textile adjuncts to cardiovascular surgery, wet textile processes, hand evaluation, nanotechnology, thermoplastic composites, robotic ironing, protective clothing (agricultural and industrial), ecological aspects of fibre properties – to name but a few! There would appear to be no limit to the future potential for textile applications.