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Book part
Publication date: 19 May 2008

Challenging cultures of violence through community restorative justice in Northern Ireland

Anna Eriksson

This chapter focuses on aspects of community restorative justice practices in Northern Ireland that have been central in challenging embedded cultures of violence within…

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Abstract

This chapter focuses on aspects of community restorative justice practices in Northern Ireland that have been central in challenging embedded cultures of violence within the current transitional context. It is argued that a strict adherence to restorative justice values, in combination with a flexible approach to the process used, are two core strengths of practice that have facilitated such a possibility. Moreover, these grassroots initiatives work well with organised, structured, and hierarchical communities, which in the Northern Irish context translate to paramilitary organisations. They are arguably less effective in relation to looser community structures, such as vigilante groups and individual violent responses to crime and conflict.

Details

Restorative Justice: from Theory to Practice
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1521-6136(08)00410-7
ISBN: 978-0-7623-1455-3

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Book part
Publication date: 14 April 2016

The “Law of Alternatives”: Conflict Resolution as the Art of Reconstruction

Michal Alberstein

The paper articulates common organizing narratives which recur within alternative movements in law, and posits the art of dispute resolution as an experimental…

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Abstract

The paper articulates common organizing narratives which recur within alternative movements in law, and posits the art of dispute resolution as an experimental reconstructive methodology for engaging conflicts, while incorporating a critique of classical liberal thought. The paper offers a reading of conflict resolution approaches, including Alternative Dispute Resolution; Therapeutic Jurisprudence; Restorative Justice, and Transitional Justice, in search of a new legal culture or jurisprudence which emerges from the following narratives: emphasis on process; emphasis on constructive conflict intervention; deconstruction and hybridization; a search for an underlying layer; emphasis on relationship and acknowledgment of emotions; community work and bottom-up development.

Details

Studies in Law, Politics, and Society
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1059-433720160000070012
ISBN: 978-1-78635-076-3

Keywords

  • Conflict resolution
  • critical thinking
  • legal theory
  • restorative justice
  • transitional justice
  • therapeutic jurisprudence

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Book part
Publication date: 18 November 2020

Problematising the Rule of Law Agenda in the SDG Context

Danielle Watson, Ariel Yap, Nathan W. Pino and Jarrett Blaustein

Despite a global consensus that rule of law is desirable, there are important debates about what this entails and how it can be achieved or supported in developing and…

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Abstract

Despite a global consensus that rule of law is desirable, there are important debates about what this entails and how it can be achieved or supported in developing and transitional countries of the Global South. Accordingly, this chapter considers the importance and contextual suitability of rule of law as a building block for ‘peaceful and inclusive societies’ in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). We begin by examining key definitional debates and consider the challenges inherent to monitoring progress towards SDG target 16.3 which seeks to ‘promote the rule of law at the national and international levels, and ensure equal access to justice for all’. We proceed to illustrate some of these definitional and methodological limitations by considering how favourable rankings of model Western democracies mask rule of law deficits that relate to access to justice and the protection of human rights for marginalised populations. This critique highlights an important point that is repeatedly emphasised throughout the rule of law literature: rule of law is not an end state but rather an ideal that all countries must continuously work to realise and sustain. The remainder of the chapter considers the challenges of promoting a Western rule of law agenda in a failed and titular democracy (the Solomon Islands) and a peaceful and prosperous country (Singapore) which adheres to a ‘thin’ definition of the rule of law that does not conform with liberal ideals.

Details

The Emerald Handbook of Crime, Justice and Sustainable Development
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78769-355-520201010
ISBN: 978-1-78769-355-5

Keywords

  • Rule of law
  • culture of lawfulness
  • crime–development nexus
  • sustainable development goals
  • Solomon Islands
  • Singapore

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Article
Publication date: 12 June 2017

Exploring the case for truth and reconciliation in mental health services

Helen Spandler and Mick McKeown

The purpose of this paper is to explore the case for a truth and reconciliation (T&R) process in the context of mental health services.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the case for a truth and reconciliation (T&R) process in the context of mental health services.

Design/methodology/approach

The approach is a conceptual review of T&R approaches; a consideration of why they are important; and how they might be applied in the context of mental health services and psychiatry. First, the paper sets out a case for T&R in psychiatry, giving some recent examples of how this might work in practice. Then it outlines potential objections which complicate any simplistic adoption of T&R in this context.

Findings

In the absence of an officially sanctioned T&R process a grassroots reparative initiative in mental health services may be an innovative bottom-up approach to transitional justice. This would bring together service users, survivors and refusers of services, with staff who work/ed in them, to begin the work of healing the hurtful effects of experiences in the system.

Originality/value

This is the first paper in a peer-reviewed journal to explore the case for T&R in mental health services. The authors describe an innovative T&R process as an important transitional step towards accomplishing reparation and justice by acknowledging the breadth and depth of service user and survivor grievances. This may be a precondition for effective alliances between workers and service users/survivors. As a result, new forms of dialogic communication and horizontal democracy might emerge that could sustain future alliances and prefigure the social relations necessary for more humane mental health services.

Details

Mental Health Review Journal, vol. 22 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MHRJ-01-2017-0011
ISSN: 1361-9322

Keywords

  • Mental health services
  • Epistemic injustice
  • Psychiatric harm
  • Psychiatric survivor movement
  • Transitional justice
  • Truth and reconciliation

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Article
Publication date: 12 September 2008

Democratic transition, judicial accountability and judicialisation of politics in Africa: The Nigerian experience

Hakeem O. Yusuf

This paper aims to examine the growing incidence of judicialisation of politics in Nigeria's democratisation experience against the backdrop of questionable judicial…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the growing incidence of judicialisation of politics in Nigeria's democratisation experience against the backdrop of questionable judicial accountability.

Design/methodology/approach

The article draws on legal and political theory as well as comparative law perspectives.

Findings

The judiciary faces a daunting task in deepening democracy and (re) instituting the rule of law. The formidable challenges derive in part from structural problems within the judiciary, deficient accountability credentials and the complexities of a troubled transition.

Practical implications

Effective judicial mediation of political transition requires a transformed and accountable judiciary.

Originality/value

The article calls attention to the need for judicial accountability as a cardinal and integral part of political transitions.

Details

International Journal of Law and Management, vol. 50 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17542430810903913
ISSN: 1754-243X

Keywords

  • Democracy
  • Politics
  • Law
  • Nigeria
  • Africa

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Book part
Publication date: 16 August 2016

“Survivors get gacaca, we get nothing:” Constructing Victimhood in Rwanda

Larissa R. Begley

Since taking power in July 1994, the RPF government has strived to eliminate the Hutu/Tutsi identities from public discourse, replacing the previous divisive identities…

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Abstract

Since taking power in July 1994, the RPF government has strived to eliminate the Hutu/Tutsi identities from public discourse, replacing the previous divisive identities with a unified nationalist one. For those who use Hutu/Tutsi identities outside the context of the genocide, they are considered genocidaire sympathisers, negationists and spreading divisionism. However, within the context of the genocide, the role of “ethnicity” is being reinforced and reaffirming ethnic divisions. In 2008, the Rwandan parliament officially changed the 1994 Rwandan genocide to the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi. Based on ethnographic data collected from March until October 2008, this paper will argue that within the public discourse on the genocide, the victim/perpetrator dichotomy has become intertwined with the Tutsi/Hutu identities, creating a hierarchy of victimhood. It will explore how through the process of reconciliation and in particular through gacaca the Hutu and Tutsi identities are imbued with collective guilt and victimization.

Details

Narratives of Identity in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0163-786X20160000040002
ISBN: 978-1-78635-078-7

Keywords

  • Post-genocide Rwanda
  • victimhood
  • reconciliation
  • gacaca
  • Hutu

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Book part
Publication date: 18 November 2020

The Emperor's New Clothes: A Critical Reading of the Sustainable Development Goals to Curb Crime and Violence in Latin America

Manuel Iturralde

Some of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations (UN) General Assembly are related to violence, crime and crime control issues. In what seems…

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Abstract

Some of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations (UN) General Assembly are related to violence, crime and crime control issues. In what seems to be an innovative approach, the so-called ‘international community’ has seemed to reach the commonsensical agreement that, in order to enjoy sustainable development and strengthen the capabilities, well-being and freedom of the citizens of the global south, their governments must reduce violence and crime (SDG 16.1). The SDGs also seem to provide the response to tackle crime and violence in the global south. SDG 16.3 aims at ‘promoting the rule of Law at the national and international level and ensuring equal access to justice for all’. Thus, the promotion of the rule of law has commonly been understood as the strengthening of the criminal justice system and State security forces to reduce crime and impunity in the global south. Focussing on Latin America, this article will critically discuss the problematic presuppositions and implications of such a paradigm, which tends to impose, reproduce and legitimise the particular worldviews of global north countries and institutions. This approach is counterproductive, for it does not acknowledge the particularities and historical trajectories of Latin American countries, while naturalising specific global north political, economic and truth regimes.

Details

The Emerald Handbook of Crime, Justice and Sustainable Development
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78769-355-520201013
ISBN: 978-1-78769-355-5

Keywords

  • Sustainable development
  • Latin America
  • crime
  • punishment
  • neoliberalism
  • global south

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Book part
Publication date: 3 January 2015

Toward Justice: Neuroscience and Affirmative Defenses at the ICC

Adam B. Shniderman and Charles A. Smith

The International Criminal Court has institutionalized the concept of individual responsibility for human rights violations. The jurisprudence of international criminal…

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Abstract

The International Criminal Court has institutionalized the concept of individual responsibility for human rights violations. The jurisprudence of international criminal law has developed along with the institution. Affirmative defenses in the mitigation of punishment or avoidance of responsibility are becoming increasingly important in international criminal procedure. We contend that diminished culpability based on advances in neuroscience provides the most challenging set of choices for the international legal community. Of the variety of affirmative defenses, emerging neuroscience-based defense provide the most challenging set of choices for the international legal community. The Esad Landzo case at the ICTY brings these challenges into focus. We discuss the difficult choices the International Criminal Court will have to make to balance the rights and needs of the victims and the due process rights of the accused.

Details

Studies in Law, Politics, and Society
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1059-433720150000066004
ISBN: 978-1-78441-568-6

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Expert briefing
Publication date: 14 May 2019

Central African Republic peace deal faces risks

Location:
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

Outlook for the Central African Republic's peace process.

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DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB243844

ISSN: 2633-304X

Keywords

Geographic
Central African Republic
AF
Topical
politics
social
civil war
government
human rights
judicial
military
rebellion
reform
security
talks
peacekeeping
guerrillas
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Book part
Publication date: 17 December 2013

About the authors and editors

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Collective Efficacy: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on International Leadership
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1479-3660(2013)0000020026
ISBN: 978-1-78190-680-4

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