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Article
Publication date: 27 October 2020

Cross-nationality importance performance analysis of Middle East all-inclusive mass tourism destination image

Demet Ceylan, Beykan Cizel and Hatice Karakas

The paper aims to analyze cognitive attributes affecting the overall destination image perception of British, German and Russian tourists toward Antalya, a well-positioned…

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Abstract

Purpose

The paper aims to analyze cognitive attributes affecting the overall destination image perception of British, German and Russian tourists toward Antalya, a well-positioned mass tourism destination in the East Mediterranean region dominated by an all-inclusive (AI) system.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is an empirical study using a structured questionnaire conducted in the summer of 2018 with 274 British, 179 German and 231 Russian tourists departing to their respective source markets from Antalya International Airport. The mean values are used as performance and correlation coefficients of the relationship between each cognitive image dimension and overall image evaluation is used to express importance.

Findings

The paper provides empirical insights that these three nationalities prefer Antalya as an AI holiday destination for different reasons and that each nationality demands attention to different factors of the destination for improvement or preservation.

Research limitations/implications

This study provides specific recommendations for AI destinations such as Antalya for the German, British and Russian source markets. When other source markets or types of destinations are considered, the findings of this study should be re-considered. Utilization of the original and modernized importance performance analysis (IPA) plot interpretations in this research reveals a deeper understanding of current findings and provides a new perspective for further research and guidance for destination managers and marketers.

Practical implications

Utilization of both original and modernized IPA plot interpretation in this research not only reveals a deeper understanding of current findings but also provides a new perspective for future studies and guidance for destination managers and marketers.

Originality/value

Unlike the majority of destination image research, this study of destination image based on individual nationalities enables tailor-made destination image development according to diversified importance and performance of destination attributes affecting the overall destination image for each nationality.

Details

Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-06-2020-0108
ISSN: 2514-9792

Keywords

  • East Mediterranean mass tourism destination image
  • Cross-nationality
  • Importance performance analysis (IPA)
  • All-inclusive tourism
  • Cognitive destination attributes
  • British, German and Russian tourists visiting Antalya Turkey

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Article
Publication date: 10 November 2014

The image of Portugal as a tourist destination – an international perspective

Mónica Montenegro, Jorge Costa, Daniela Rodrigues and João Gomes

This article aims to identify the image of Portugal as a tourist destination in international markets and the impacts of the economic crisis on that image. As the basis…

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Abstract

Purpose

This article aims to identify the image of Portugal as a tourist destination in international markets and the impacts of the economic crisis on that image. As the basis for the analysis, the results from the past three years of an ongoing research by IPDT – Institute of Tourism on this topic were used. The findings were used to support a discussion on the need for social and political stability and a climate of creativity and innovation in the tourism sector to foster growth and success.

Design/methodology/approach

The article is based on official tourism information, research by IPDT on the tourists’ profile in Portugal and an ongoing research on “the image of Portugal as a tourist destination” carried out using as population the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) Affiliate Members directory.

Findings

The international tourism market recognizes and appreciates the destination – Portugal, recognizing that the present context of crisis does not negatively affect Portugal’s touristic image. The results presented and discussed indicate a preference by respondents for “Wine” as the main touristic product that should be associated to Portugal in its international tourism promotion. This perception is clearly aligned with the prominence that Portuguese wines have been taking internationally and a perspective that indicates alternative products to the traditional “sun and sea” associated with the country’s tourism image.

Practical implications

The research results presented and the supporting discussion allow for a better understanding on the present image of Portugal as a tourist destination and the alternative attributes to traditional “sun and sea” that may be used in its international promotion. These results may indicate the need for a repositioning of the destination by the introduction of new elements in the promotional messages. The reflexions presented may be of great use for decision-makers in-charge of international tourism promotion.

Originality/value

This article analysis the impact of the economic crisis on the image of Portugal as a tourist destination, based on an international study carried out over a 3-year period. The results alert for possible discrepancies between the destinations positioning and the perceptions and desires of the markets.

Details

Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, vol. 6 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-09-2014-0022
ISSN: 1755-4217

Keywords

  • Portugal
  • Destination’s image
  • Tourism consumer trends
  • Economic crisis
  • Promotional campaigns

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Article
Publication date: 7 March 2016

From intended to projected destination image elements: the case of prefectures in China

Andreas H. Zins and Shasha Lin

Reviews of scientific publications in the area of tourism continuously find commonalities and repeatedly applied criteria in conceptualizing destination image. Much…

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Abstract

Purpose

Reviews of scientific publications in the area of tourism continuously find commonalities and repeatedly applied criteria in conceptualizing destination image. Much emphasis has been placed on investigating the image components (dimensions) and potential impacts as perceived by the consumer. Publications on the image formation and change, however, do not disclose many details on the process and impacts of change agents. Hence, this study aims to look into the initial stages of destination image planning and how these plans are implemented through projecting onto the official destination websites.

Design/methodology/approach

The text-based content analysis builds on a random sample of one-third of the tourism development plans and the respective official tourism websites of sub-provincial prefectures in China. Terms (originally phrased in Chinese language only) were extracted that could be classified as image components considering the context where they appeared.

Findings

Results exhibit a sparse application of varied and imaginative image elements in both the tourism development plans and the official websites. Deviations between intended and projected destinations are substantial. An overwhelming majority of prefectural destination management organizations (DMOs) appears to be distant from a professional implementation of an image positioning strategy.

Research limitations/implications

Due to resource limitations, only a random sample of one-third of the 365 sub-provincial prefectures in China could have been screened. To draw a complete, though structurally most probably not very different, picture on the scope and variety of image elements, a complete investigation would be necessary. The projection of image items on the official websites represents a restricted view on possible image formation agents. For a more comprehensive understanding, other information channels (e.g. printed advertising material, travel catalogues and guide books) would complement the perspective on induced image agents.

Practical implications

From a managerial perspective, it appears to be an easy job to position a destination along one or two main appeal characteristics, particularly when the majority of these are factual aspects of geography, landscape, history or culture. Whether such a positioning strategy materializes in view of an increasing competition among destinations is questionable. The condensed image profiles identified in this study can act as blueprints for developing more pronounced positioning profiles. The variation across groups of destination image profiles and the composition of prefectures for each group reflects the potential competitive pressure that prefectures may excel unless the DMO representatives decide to go for an adapted target position.

Originality/value

This study is a rare attempt to analyse the intended/planned and projected image elements of a multitude of tourism destinations simultaneously. Such a comparison is usually done on a case-by-case basis only. Thus, the insights of this study go beyond the limits of an individual destination enabling structural comparisons across neighbouring and nation-wide regions.

Details

International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, vol. 10 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-05-2015-0033
ISSN: 1750-6182

Keywords

  • China
  • Tourism development
  • Congruence analysis
  • Destination identity
  • Destination positioning
  • Prefectures

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Article
Publication date: 2 November 2015

Tourism destination image development: a lesson from Macau

Weng Hang Kong, Hilary du Cros and Chin-Ee Ong

Drawing upon an analysis of resident and visitor survey data and Macau Government Tourist Office (MGTO) press releases in 2012, the purpose of this paper is to understand…

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Abstract

Purpose

Drawing upon an analysis of resident and visitor survey data and Macau Government Tourist Office (MGTO) press releases in 2012, the purpose of this paper is to understand the tourism destination image for this tourist historic city produced by these three key stakeholder groups in Macau.

Design/methodology/approach

This is achieved using a new stakeholder analysis tool, developed from previous studies, which compares the perspective of the MGTO, the city’s destination marketing organization, with that of its residents and visitors. This study examines the perceptions that residents and visitors have about the general images projected and generated in Macau.

Findings

This research highlights the multiplicity of images and producers of images in Macau.

Originality/value

The lesson from this case study is that public sector agencies need to acknowledge more clearly the tourism planning role of the host community in particular. The possibility of detecting disconnections and misalignments of shared destination imagery by residents and visitors has implications for the public sector in Macau and other destinations in relation to managing and developing a destination and contributes to a greater understanding of stakeholders and sustainable tourism development overall.

Details

International Journal of Tourism Cities, vol. 1 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-08-2014-0016
ISSN: 2056-5607

Keywords

  • Destination image
  • Tourism planning
  • Macau
  • Stakeholder views
  • Community involvement
  • DMO

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Article
Publication date: 8 May 2017

From international travelling consumer to place ambassador: Connecting place image to tourism satisfaction and post-visit intentions

Alessandro De Nisco, Nicolas Papadopoulos and Statia Elliot

The purpose of this paper is to extend international marketing theory by examining country image effects simultaneously from the perspectives of Product-Country Image…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to extend international marketing theory by examining country image effects simultaneously from the perspectives of Product-Country Image (PCI), Tourism Destination Image (TDI), and General Country Image (GCI), and by using tourism satisfaction as the central construct in a comprehensive model that investigates post-visit effects in both the product and tourism domains.

Design/methodology/approach

International tourists from multiple countries were intercepted at the end of a tourism trip and interviewed in-person using a structured questionnaire, resulting in 498 usable responses for data analysis. The model comprised seven constructs measured with 28 variables and was tested with structural equation modelling.

Findings

The study uncovers a number of cross-effects between a country as destination and as producer, and establishes tourism satisfaction as a core construct that is relevant to both the tourism and product facets of place image.

Practical implications

Above all, the study’s findings argue strongly in favour of greater coordination between the “product” and “tourism” sides of place marketing.

Originality/value

The study is original in its integrative analysis of GCI, PCI, and TDI constructs as antecedents and consequences of the tourism experience and, among other original contributions, is the first to investigate the direct link between product beliefs, tourism satisfaction, and post-visit product-related intentions.

Details

International Marketing Review, vol. 34 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-08-2015-0180
ISSN: 0265-1335

Keywords

  • Country of origin
  • Country image
  • Post-visit intentions
  • Product country image
  • Tourism destination image
  • Tourism satisfaction

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2004

The “Sun and Beach” tourism destination image: An application to the case of Cuba from the Spanish tourist‐origin market

Haydeé Calderón García, Irene Gil Saura, Roberto Carmelo Pons García and Martina G. Gallarza

The research steam on tourism destination image, begun in the late 1960s, has been essentially operational in its approach, and only occasionally strategic. Aspects…

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Abstract

The research steam on tourism destination image, begun in the late 1960s, has been essentially operational in its approach, and only occasionally strategic. Aspects relating to the image of tourism destinations still constitute a relatively unexplored line of research. This paper, first establishes specific conceptual and methodological approaches, to enable us to rigorously study and evaluate the image of what we understand as a tourism destination characterized by “sun and beach”. It then applies this methodological proposition to a number of destinations in the Caribbean, focusing on the case of Cuba from an important tourist‐origin market for this destination, Spain.

Details

Tourism Review, vol. 59 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/eb058426
ISSN: 1660-5373

Keywords

  • Image
  • Tourism destination
  • Sun and beach
  • Tourism marketing
  • Caribbean

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Article
Publication date: 7 June 2013

Examining national tourism brand image: content analysis of Lonely Planet Korea

Hee Youn Kim and Ji‐Hwan Yoon

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the Korea tourism brand image in a popular tour guidebook, Lonely Planet Korea and to provide an objective insight for examining…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the Korea tourism brand image in a popular tour guidebook, Lonely Planet Korea and to provide an objective insight for examining destination image.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve this goal, this study used content analysis to analyze the Korea tourism brand image.

Findings

Overall, 200,435 words were selected. The frequency of words was highly related to transportation and famous attractions. Moreover, to evaluate the value of the Korea tourism brand image, only adjectives in context were extracted. In total, 2,716 adjectives in each category were examined. The Korea tourism brand image was positive in that “good” adjectives were the most frequently selected. Furthermore, value properties based on The Lasswell Value Dictionary were examined. The value of words also supported the results of the content analysis of adjectives. The results of correspondence analysis found that the “outdoor” category was separately positioned with “old” adjectives.

Practical implications

Based on the results of content analysis by category, selected adjectives reflected current Korean tourism and hospitality problems.

Originality/value

The paper suggests implications that can be used to improve the Korea tourism brand image.

Details

Tourism Review, vol. 68 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-10-2012-0016
ISSN: 1660-5373

Keywords

  • Korea
  • Tourism
  • Brand image
  • Content analysis
  • Correspondence analysis
  • Lonely Planet
  • Destination image
  • Korean tourism brand image

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Article
Publication date: 30 September 2020

Attaining digital advocacy behaviour through destination image and satisfaction

Shefali Saini and Chris Niyi Arasanmi

This study aims to examine the consequences of tourism destination image and satisfaction on digital advocacy in a touristic environment. The study also tested the…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine the consequences of tourism destination image and satisfaction on digital advocacy in a touristic environment. The study also tested the mediation role of satisfaction in the relationship between the tourism destination image and tourists’ advocacy.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopts a quantitative research design, suing the intercept survey method to collect data from 185 international tourists in New Zealand. The process macro regression method was used to analyse the collected data.

Findings

The findings from this study are: firstly, the study demonstrates that tourism destination image influenced tourists’ digital advocacy behaviour. Secondly, tourists’ satisfaction significantly changed tourists’ advocacy behaviour. Thirdly, tourists’ satisfaction mediates the relationship between the tourism destination image and tourists’ advocacy behaviour in this study.

Research limitations/implications

This study examined tourism destination image and satisfaction as predictors of tourist digital advocacy behaviour; the findings have some valuable impacts for organisations, especially the destination marketing organisation’s tourism strategies. The result also implies that customer satisfaction is a predictor of advocacy behaviours; and the need to focus on increasing tourist satisfaction by putting in place well-crafted tourism products and services.

Practical implications

The finding also implies that customer satisfaction is an important antecedent of advocacy behaviours; and the need to focus on increasing tourist satisfaction by putting in place well-crafted tourism-based strategies.

Originality/value

This study is one of the few investigations on tourists’ digital advocacy behaviour. The study also assessed the mediating impact of customer satisfaction in the relationship between tourism destination image and tourists’ advocacy behaviour, an area, which suffers from a languor of research.

Details

International Journal of Tourism Cities, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-07-2019-0108
ISSN: 2056-5607

Keywords

  • Advocacy
  • Tourism
  • Satisfaction
  • Tourism destination image

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Book part
Publication date: 22 June 2015

Lake-Destination Image Attributes: Content Analysis of Text and Pictures

Ana Isabel Rodrigues, Antónia Correia, Metin Kozak and Anja Tuohino

Lake tourism is a growing academic sub-field of tourism studies with an emerging body of literature. However, little research attention has been given to…

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Abstract

Lake tourism is a growing academic sub-field of tourism studies with an emerging body of literature. However, little research attention has been given to lake-destinations’ projected or perceived tourism images. Specifically, there has been a scarcity of literature investigating the variables involved in the formation of a lake-destination image. Therefore, this study aims to explore the main attributes that might potentially influence this type of destination, and simultaneously, contribute to conceptualizing and defining lake tourism as recent research area. An explorative study was then conducted in order to generate a set of image variables through the use of textual and photographic data. The results will contribute to characterize potential lake-destinations and to develop a final list of variables specifically related to this type of destination.

Details

Marketing Places and Spaces
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1871-317320150000010022
ISBN: 978-1-78441-940-0

Keywords

  • Destination image (DI)
  • lake tourism (LT)
  • lake-destination areas (LDA)
  • pictorial image
  • content-analysis

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Article
Publication date: 12 June 2019

Do tourists’ emotional experiences influence images and intentions in yoga tourism?

Pramod Sharma and Jogendra Kumar Nayak

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of tourists’ emotional experiences on predicting behavioral intentions via cognitive, affective and overall image…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of tourists’ emotional experiences on predicting behavioral intentions via cognitive, affective and overall image in yoga tourism.

Design/methodology/approach

This study was conducted using data collected from 398 tourists visiting a yoga tourism destination in India. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used in analyzing the collected data.

Findings

The study confirmed that specific tourists’ emotions act as a predictor of cognitive, affective and overall image. This in turn influenced the behavioral intentions of tourists. The effect of specific emotions on affective image was stronger than on cognitive image in yoga tourism.

Practical implications

The marketing campaign of yoga tourism should highlight the special benefits of yoga to activate, stimulate and influence tourists toward yoga tourism, thereby improving the flow of future tourists. It would also help in better positioning and promoting yoga tourism as a unique and distinct niche tourism market.

Originality/value

This study contributed to the literature by understanding the predictive power of specific emotions on behavioral intentions via, cognitive, affective and overall image in yoga tourism. As far as the authors’ knowledge is concerned, this study is first known attempt to investigate such relationships in tourism literature.

Details

Tourism Review, vol. 74 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-05-2018-0060
ISSN: 1660-5373

Keywords

  • Affective image
  • Cognitive image
  • Overall image

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