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Article
Publication date: 4 November 2019

A constraint programming approach to type-2 assembly line balancing problem with assignment restrictions

Mehmet Pinarbasi, Hacı Mehmet Alakas and Mustafa Yuzukirmizi

Main constraints for an assembly line balancing problem (ALBP) are cycle time/number of stations and task precedence relations. However, due to the technological and…

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Abstract

Purpose

Main constraints for an assembly line balancing problem (ALBP) are cycle time/number of stations and task precedence relations. However, due to the technological and organizational limitations, several other restrictions can be encountered in real production systems. These restrictions are called as assignment restrictions and can be task assignment, station, resource and distance limitations. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of these restrictions on ALBP using constraint programming (CP) model.

Design/methodology/approach

A novel CP model is proposed and compared to mixed-integer programming (MIP) as a benchmark. The objective is to minimize the cycle time for a given number of stations. The authors also provide explicit anthology of the assignment restriction effects on line efficiency, the solution quality and the computation time.

Findings

The proposed approach is verified with the literature test instances and a real-life problem from a furniture manufacturing company. Computational experiments show that, despite the fact that additional assignment restrictions are problematic in mathematical solutions, CP is a versatile exact solution alternative in modelling and the solution quality.

Practical implications

Assembly line is a popular manufacturing system in the making of standardized high volume products. The problem of assembly line balancing is a crucial challenge in these settings and consists of assigning tasks to the stations by optimizing one or more objectives. Type-2 AR-ALBP is a specific case with the objective function of minimizing the cycle time for a given number of stations. It further assumes assignment restrictions that can be confronted due to the technological limitations or the strategic decisions of the company management. This is especially encountered in rebalancing lines.

Originality/value

Several solution approaches such as mathematical modelling, heuristic and meta-heuristic are proposed to solve the ALBP in the literature. In this study, a new approach has been presented using CP. Efficient models are developed for Type-2 ALBP with several assignment restrictions. Previous studies have not considered the problem to the presented extent. Furthermore, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the paper is the first study that solves ALBP with assignment restrictions using CP.

Details

Assembly Automation, vol. 39 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/AA-12-2018-0262
ISSN: 0144-5154

Keywords

  • Mixed-integer programming
  • Assembly line balancing
  • Assignment restrictions
  • Constraint programming
  • Type-2 problem

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Article
Publication date: 11 October 2011

The impact on urban distribution operations of upstream supply chain constraints

Michael Browne and Mireia Gomez

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and quantify the impact of delivery restrictions on costs and environmental performance for a distribution operation.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and quantify the impact of delivery restrictions on costs and environmental performance for a distribution operation.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were gathered from a company and several scenarios with varying delivery restrictions were investigated.

Findings

The results show significant reductions in cost and environmental impacts are achieved when restrictions are relaxed. However, the research also highlighted the importance of adopting a supply chain (SC) approach to the removal of restrictions and the need for public/private sector cooperation.

Research limitations/implications

The case study is based on one company only. However, the company performs many trips each day to many different customers.

Practical implications

The paper provides insight into the scope for change in the SC decision‐making processes in order to reduce environmental impacts (and identifies limitations).

Originality/value

The paper is a contribution to better understanding the importance of logistics decisions and not only transport when considering urban freight problems.

Details

International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, vol. 41 no. 9
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09600031111175843
ISSN: 0960-0035

Keywords

  • United Kingdom
  • Logistics management
  • Supply chain management
  • Distribution management
  • Freight forwarding
  • Urban distribution
  • Delivery restrictions
  • CO2 emissions
  • Costs

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Article
Publication date: 8 July 2020

Knowledge-sharing restrictions in the life sciences: personal and context-specific factors in academia–industry knowledge transfer

Ani Gerbin and Mateja Drnovsek

Knowledge sharing in research communities has been considered indispensable to progress in science. The aim of this paper is to analyze the mechanisms restricting…

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Abstract

Purpose

Knowledge sharing in research communities has been considered indispensable to progress in science. The aim of this paper is to analyze the mechanisms restricting knowledge sharing in science. It considers three categories of academia–industry knowledge transfer and a range of individual and contextual variables as possible predictors of knowledge-sharing restrictions.

Design/methodology/approach

A unique empirical data sample was collected based on a survey among 212 life science researchers affiliated with universities and other non-profit research institutions. A rich descriptive analysis was followed by binominal regression analysis, including relevant checks for the robustness of the results.

Findings

Researchers in academia who actively collaborate with industry are more likely to omit relevant content from publications in co-authorship with other academic researchers; delay their co-authored publications, exclude relevant content during public presentations; and deny requests for access to their unpublished and published knowledge.

Practical implications

This study informs policymakers that different types of knowledge-sharing restrictions are predicted by different individual and contextual factors, which suggests that policies concerning academia–industry knowledge and technology transfer should be tailored to contextual specificities.

Originality/value

This study contributes new predictors of knowledge-sharing restrictions to the literature on academia–industry interactions, including outcome expectations, trust and sharing climate. This study augments the knowledge management literature by separately considering the roles of various academic knowledge-transfer activities in instigating different types of knowledge-sharing restrictions in scientific research.

Details

Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 24 no. 7
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-11-2019-0651
ISSN: 1367-3270

Keywords

  • Knowledge sharing
  • Life sciences
  • Restrictions
  • Academia–Industry
  • O34
  • D83

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Article
Publication date: 22 June 2010

Flexible working times: effects on employees' exhaustion, work‐nonwork conflict and job performance

Ralph Kattenbach, Evangelia Demerouti and Friedhelm Nachreiner

The aim of this study is to provide a useful conceptualization of flexible working times and to examine the relationships between flexible working times and employees'…

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study is to provide a useful conceptualization of flexible working times and to examine the relationships between flexible working times and employees' well‐being and peer ratings of performance. It is supposed that an employee's “time‐autonomy” would be positively related to performance and well‐being. On the contrary, an unfavorable effect of “time restriction” on well‐being is expected.

Design/methodology/approach

A questionnaire‐study was conducted among 167 German employees from 17 different organizations. Information about in‐role and extra‐role performance was also obtained via peer evaluations.

Findings

The data support a two‐factor structure of flexibility. The time restriction factor adds to the degree of exhaustion and the work‐nonwork conflict, while time autonomy diminishes these outcome variables. However, the flexibility dimensions are unrelated to performance.

Originality/value

The multidimensional conceptualization of flexibility allows for the detection of advantages and drawbacks regarding the effectiveness of flexible working time models.

Details

Career Development International, vol. 15 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011053749
ISSN: 1362-0436

Keywords

  • Flexible working hours
  • Time‐based management
  • Performance management
  • Personal health
  • Germany

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Article
Publication date: 24 July 2007

A study of time limited price promotions

James Devlin, Christine Ennew, Sally McKechnie and Andrew Smith

This paper seeks to provide a detailed study of the impact of offers incorporating a time‐limit restriction on consumers in the context of price promotions. Time limited…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper seeks to provide a detailed study of the impact of offers incorporating a time‐limit restriction on consumers in the context of price promotions. Time limited offers are those where a pricing offer is only available for a specified, normally relatively short, period of time. Although price promotions have been the subject of much previous research, a detailed study of the effects of time limit restrictions on consumer behavior is warranted.

Design/methodology/approach

The study incorporates an experimental approach whereby the impact of time‐limited and non time‐limited offers on consumers' assessments of value and search and purchase intentions are isolated.

Findings

Findings show that the presence of a time limit does not impact directly on perceptions of value or search and purchase behavior. A marginally significant interaction effect between time limit and discount size is present, impacting in particular on search behavior.

Research limitations/implications

The research was carried out in the context of a consumer durable good (TV) and it is recommended that the study is replicated in other contexts, such as services and packaged goods, to ensure that the results reported here are generalisable.

Practical implications

The results suggest that policy makers should not assign significant time and resources to investigating influences of alleged false time limit promotion, as the findings would lead to the conclusion that such resources would be better used controlling other forms of misleading advertising and promotion. Marketing managers should note that time limited offers have no significant impact on consumer perceptions or purchase intentions.

Originality/value

The paper is of value to both the policy making community and practitioners and provides important and original insights into the minimal impact of time limit restrictions on consumers' evaluation of price promotion offers and subsequent behavioral intentions.

Details

Journal of Product & Brand Management, vol. 16 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/10610420710763967
ISSN: 1061-0421

Keywords

  • Pricing
  • Experimentation
  • Promotional methods
  • Time measurement

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 2004

“While stocks last!” Impact of framing on consumers' perception of sales promotions

Soo‐Jiuan Tan and Seow Hwang Chua

This paper investigates the impact of framing through the use of a vague scarcity restriction (“while stocks last”) on consumers' perception of promotional offers…

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Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of framing through the use of a vague scarcity restriction (“while stocks last”) on consumers' perception of promotional offers involving different claim formats (tensile price claim such as “save up to 60 percent” versus non‐tensile price claim such as “save 60 percent”) and different amount of price discounts. The findings show that framing the sales offer with such a vague scarcity restriction and using a tensile claims format improve the consumers' perceived informational value of the offer, only if exaggerated price discounts are involved. This study also confirms earlier studies' findings on the effects of exaggerated price discounts and tensile claims on consumers' perceived savings and information value of sales promotional offers. Managerial implications are discussed.

Details

Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 21 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760410549168
ISSN: 0736-3761

Keywords

  • Advertising
  • Perception
  • Classes of goods marketed
  • Consumer behaviour

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Book part
Publication date: 14 October 2009

Traffic Control

Rune Elvik, Alena Høye, Truls Vaa and Michael Sørensen

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Abstract

Details

The Handbook of Road Safety Measures
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/9781848552517-009
ISBN: 978-1-84855-250-0

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Article
Publication date: 20 November 2020

The changing work landscape as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic: insights from remote workers life situations in South Africa

Walter Matli

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected most organisations' workplaces and productivity. Organisations have had to make provision for staff to operate remotely following the…

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Abstract

Purpose

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected most organisations' workplaces and productivity. Organisations have had to make provision for staff to operate remotely following the implementation of lockdown regulations around the world, because the pandemic has led to restrictions on movement and the temporary closure of workplace premises. The purpose of this paper is to provide insights from remote workers' experiences in South Africa about immediate conversion from the normal workplace environment to working remotely from home. The structuration theory was adopted to understand the social structural challenges experienced by staff working from home.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected using a Web-based survey, administered when the Covid-19 pandemic resulted in movement restrictions, using the judgemental sampling technique.

Findings

The results are presented using both external and internal features that are linked to the social structures experienced by remote workers who participated in the survey. The key findings indicate that despite the positive aspects of remote working using advances in technology, there are also negative aspects and risks attached to remote working such as work overload and pressures to perform timeously. This can pose severe threats to workers' routines and lifestyle, and the lack of interaction can impinge on their health and general well-being.

Research limitations/implications

The online survey was carried out with first-time remote workers who were the target for the study. Some respondents may have had an affinity for remote working because of the novelty. The sample size may not be generalised, as the collected sample is moderately small, although the purpose of the paper was to report on a small sample size, given the rapidity of the study.

Practical implications

The paper seeks to highlight social structures that exist in South Africa, which accentuate the resource divide for remote workers. Also, the paper aims to encourage organisations (employers) to better understand challenges that workers encountered while working from their homes during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown restrictions.

Originality/value

The relevance of this paper is in its contribution to the structuration theory and remote working literature, as well as to the study of these topics in the context of South Africa.

Details

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 40 no. 9/10
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-08-2020-0386
ISSN: 0144-333X

Keywords

  • Remote workers
  • Covid-19 pandemic
  • Home workplace
  • Life situations
  • South Africa

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2003

Accounting for contributions: a proposal to narrow differences between fasb and gasb requirements

John Engstrom

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) have issued significantly different accounting and financial…

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Abstract

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) have issued significantly different accounting and financial reporting standards for contributions. These standards are particularly significant for reporting by private and public institutions of higher education. This paper summarizes many of these differences including timing of revenue recognition, classification of contributed resources, recording pledges, and recognition of “collections.” A framework is suggested for evaluating accounting and financial reporting standards for contributions. Finally, recommendations are made to both FASB and GASB for changes to make their standards more consistent.

Details

Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, vol. 15 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBAFM-15-01-2003-B003
ISSN: 1096-3367

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Book part
Publication date: 12 September 1997

Cumulative plots

Carlos F. Daganzo

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Abstract

Details

Fundamentals of Transportation and Traffic Operations
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/9780585475301-002
ISBN: 978-0-08-042785-0

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