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Article
Publication date: 1 July 1997

David Edelshain

To understand how foreign exchange risk is managed it may be important to document who is involved in its management. Different individuals working in corporations will have…

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Abstract

To understand how foreign exchange risk is managed it may be important to document who is involved in its management. Different individuals working in corporations will have different perspectives and different backgrounds including functional specialisms which fit them for functional roles. They will have specific job responsibilities inherent in their job descriptions. It is hypothesised that the nature of who gets involved in managing foreign exchange risk will impact on how it is managed. This paper reports on the findings of a postal survey of foreign exchange risk management practices in British Times 1000 corporations carried out in late 1991. The findings give support to the hypothesis and raise the issue of whether optimal foreign exchange risk management can occur when how it is managed is significantly influenced by who manages it. This is particularly so, given that the nature of the exposure reported by different corporations is not normally found to be significantly associated with who manages it. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the implications of the findings.

Details

Managerial Finance, vol. 23 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4358

Article
Publication date: 14 September 2022

Murat Tunç, Hasan Gökkaya, Gökhan Sur and Ali Riza Motorcu

The purpose of the paper is to investigate photochemical machining characteristics of stainless steel (AISI 304-SS304) parts with a novel design are investigated experimentally…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to investigate photochemical machining characteristics of stainless steel (AISI 304-SS304) parts with a novel design are investigated experimentally from the aspect of process parameters. The effects of phototool pattern geometry, ultraviole (UV) exposure time and etching time on of AISI 304 were evaluated.

Design/methodology/approach

The designed semi-automated photochemical manufacturing (PCM) equipment consists of 4 units, which include UV exposure, etching, developing and surface cleaning units. Experimental procedure has been designed via Taguchi method. Results were evaluated via Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) method.

Findings

Etching time is the most effective factor in PCM quality of AISI 304 stainless steel. Surface roughness is sensitive to geometrical pattern of the phototool for PCM of AISI 304 UV exposure time is less influential on the PCM quality for stainless steel.

Research limitations/implications

The designed PCM equipment prototype is not fully automated, which requires automation for part replacements into units. The effects of the temperature inside chemical processing units on process characteristics cannot be evaluated due to equipment limitations. The effects of surface cleaning time inside surface cleaning unit are not analyzed.

Originality/value

The utilized PCM equipment is semi-automated equipment, with which the process parameters such as etching time, surface cleaning time, UV exposure time and developing time can be controlled. Different from literature, the effects of phototool pattern geometries on the photochemical machining quality parameters are evaluated for the processing of AISI 304. The effects of processing parameters on dimensional accuracy, which is not common in the literature for AISI 304 stainless steel, are also evaluated.

Details

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures, vol. 18 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1573-6105

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 26 February 2019

Patrick Schweighofer, Doris Weitlaner, Martin Ebner and Hannes Rothe

The literature includes several studies that define different critical success factors (CSF) which have to be considered to support the implementation of technology-enhanced…

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Abstract

Purpose

The literature includes several studies that define different critical success factors (CSF) which have to be considered to support the implementation of technology-enhanced learning (TEL) approaches. An analysis of such studies revealed that (1) regional differences seem to determine the CSF for TEL approaches, (2) certain CSF are relevant for TEL approaches in general, and (3) professionals in higher education determine which influential factors they consider when implementing TEL approaches. Thus, the question arises: in general, which influential factors do professionals in Austrian and German institutions of higher education actually consider when implementing TEL approaches?

Design/methodology/approach

The study is a quantitative research approach based on survey data.

Findings

The results show that certain influential factors seem to be generally important, such as the factors of respecting learning success or motivation. However, the outcome of the study also indicated that different moderating variables like experiences and personal relevance affect the professionals’ choices.

Originality/value

The originality and value are in the approach to identify generally important influential factors for the implementation of TEL approaches in Austrian and German institutions of higher education.

Article
Publication date: 12 September 2016

Dan Albertson and Boryung Ju

The purpose of this paper is to examine perceived self-efficacy of users within an interactive video retrieval context. The motivation for this research includes that…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine perceived self-efficacy of users within an interactive video retrieval context. The motivation for this research includes that understanding self-efficacy will provide insight on how potential users target resources and in turn promote and sustain use of retrieval tools and systems.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey method was employed. In total, 270 participants rated levels of perceived self-efficacy for successfully fulfilling different video needs if using a particular system. Perceived self-efficacy was explored quantitatively, both overall and across different potentially influential factors, such as topic type, topic familiarity, system experience, and system context. In addition, open-ended responses on the survey were categorized through content-analysis and subsequently analyzed using weighted frequencies.

Findings

Findings demonstrated significant associations between participants’ perceived self-efficacy and different topical factors, including familiarity and topic type, and also system factors, such as exposure (or experience) and system context.

Research limitations/implications

User confidence is one belief or attitude about technology acceptance, with self-efficacy intersecting multiple factors related to initial and sustained use of technologies. Findings give researchers a look at users’ preconceptions of interactive video retrieval situations, which, in turn, suggest positive implications for future research and design.

Originality/value

Video retrieval comprises considerations that are unique from other contexts due to the structure and physical makeup of video. However, until now, self-efficacy has not been directly examined in relation to video or according to several of the specific retrieval factors as explored in the current study, which is thus warranted.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 72 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 5 January 2022

Robert J. Pidduck

Drawing on the “shocks to the system” concept in image theory, a mid-range theoretical model is developed to illuminate understanding on why cross-cultural experience is so…

Abstract

Purpose

Drawing on the “shocks to the system” concept in image theory, a mid-range theoretical model is developed to illuminate understanding on why cross-cultural experience is so conducive to stimulating entrepreneurship yet has remained largely unexplained at the individual level.

Design/methodology/approach

The novel idea is put forth that experience of foreignness, in itself, can be harnessed as a powerful cognitive resource for entrepreneurship – particularly the nascent stages of new venture development. Providing cross-cultural exposures arouse “self-image shocks”, they manifest over time as skill clusters that reflect the sensing, seizing and transforming capabilities at the heart of entrepreneurship. This paper's pivot helps delineate a common mechanism to explain how a diverse range of seemingly disparate cross-cultural experiences can be processed in a way that enhances entrepreneurial pursuits.

Findings

The insights of this paper reinforce the need for educators and policymakers to encourage and provide opportunities for aspiring entrepreneurs to engage in cross-cultural and overseas exposures as they are influential for stimulating each of the core sets of entrepreneurial capabilities. The model and synthesis table also help to practically unpack how to design and plan such cultural experiences to optimize the enduring entrepreneurial advantages.

Originality/value

The author turns a long-standing assumption surrounding cultural differences in entrepreneurship on its head. The shocks and tensions arising from intercultural interactions are not always inevitable liabilities to be “managed away” or attenuated. Rather, cross-cultural experience can be explicitly leveraged as an asset for nascent venturing as the juxtapositions they evoke provide both proximal and distal enhancements to ways in which entrepreneurs think and develop skills at the core of venturing.

Details

Cross Cultural & Strategic Management, vol. 29 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2059-5794

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 April 2003

Georgios I. Zekos

Aim of the present monograph is the economic analysis of the role of MNEs regarding globalisation and digital economy and in parallel there is a reference and examination of some…

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Abstract

Aim of the present monograph is the economic analysis of the role of MNEs regarding globalisation and digital economy and in parallel there is a reference and examination of some legal aspects concerning MNEs, cyberspace and e‐commerce as the means of expression of the digital economy. The whole effort of the author is focused on the examination of various aspects of MNEs and their impact upon globalisation and vice versa and how and if we are moving towards a global digital economy.

Details

Managerial Law, vol. 45 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0558

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 18 August 2022

Gulden Gumusburun Ayalp and Tülay Çivici

The construction industry is a crucial industry for national development worldwide. Because the construction industry is tied to national and international economic activities…

Abstract

Purpose

The construction industry is a crucial industry for national development worldwide. Because the construction industry is tied to national and international economic activities, the COVID-19 outbreak has limited construction projects. Therefore, this study investigates the most influential factors regarding COVID-19 and their effects on the construction industry.

Design/methodology/approach

The potential impacts of COVID-19 on the construction industry were identified through a realistic literature review and interviews with professionals. A questionnaire was distributed via e-mail to architects, civil engineers and contractors who play vital roles during the construction processes. The data were analysed using SPSS 22 and LISREL 8.7 software to quantify the most influential pandemic-related factors faced by the construction industry.

Findings

Ten influential pandemic factors affecting the construction industry in Turkey were identified. Among them, “increased costs and price escalations due to shortage of raw materials and supply chain disruption” and “challenges with payment and cash flows” were determined as the most influential pandemic factors.

Research limitations/implications

This research aims to advance comprehension of pandemic impacts and contributes an incipient assessment framework based on 10 determined pandemic factors. Therefore, contractors, architects and civil engineers may analyse their weaknesses and organise precise priorities so that their firms may remain competitive, thus minimising the adverse impact of COVID-19 and possible forthcoming waves.

Originality/value

Few studies have identified the effect of pandemics on the construction industry qualitatively, forcing management to make projections to the current situation. Moreover, no study has provided insights into the influential factors of pandemics using quantitative methods. Therefore, this study comprehensively and quantitatively determines the relevant COVID-19 pandemic factors using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and utilises confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling to present a structural model of how pandemic factors affect the Turkish construction industry.

Details

Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, vol. 30 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0969-9988

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 26 August 2020

D.V.P. Prasada

Rice is the primary staple crop in South Asia and is cultivated mainly on lowland ecosystems usually fed by the monsoon. With increasing climatic volatility, exclusively rain-fed…

Abstract

Purpose

Rice is the primary staple crop in South Asia and is cultivated mainly on lowland ecosystems usually fed by the monsoon. With increasing climatic volatility, exclusively rain-fed rice paddies have experienced a triple threat in droughts, floods and salinity. This study investigates the linkages of these abiotic stresses on yield and subsequent farmer decisions on varietal choice.

Design/methodology/approach

A path analytic model is conceptualized where the relationship between yield (conditional on abiotic stresses) and the varietal choice decision is mediated by adaptation motive (latent construct) and market exposure (observed construct). The path model is validated using 2,523 observations from Bangladesh farmers to obtain parameter estimates for direct effects and mediated effects indicated above.

Findings

Findings reveal that drought and flood impacts, in contrast to salinity impacts, are influential to both yield and varietal choice. The adaptation motive, however, is clear only in the case of salinity. Time preference of farmers and previous exposure to climate shocks predict adaptation motive substantively. The study reveals that market exposure is also a significant mediator of varietal choice in addition to the mediating effect of adaptation.

Research limitations/implications

The study adopts a path analytic model which is able to capture direct, indirect and mediated effects between exogenous factors and varietal choice decision. While the models provide conclusive statistical evidence to the above hypotheses, within-area variations of behavior may not be captured adequately by the method.

Originality/value

Analyzing the complexity of varietal decision-making choice using a path analytical model is a novel contribution to the literature. The application itself is unique to the context applied. The findings complement the literature on varietal adoption in the context of climate resilient paddy systems.

Details

Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2044-0839

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 27 May 2022

John Galakis, Ioannis Vrontos and Panos Xidonas

This study aims to introduce a tree-structured linear and quantile regression framework to the analysis and modeling of equity returns, within the context of asset pricing.

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to introduce a tree-structured linear and quantile regression framework to the analysis and modeling of equity returns, within the context of asset pricing.

Design/Methodology/Approach

The approach is based on the idea of a binary tree, where every terminal node parameterizes a local regression model for a specific partition of the data. A Bayesian stochastic method is developed including model selection and estimation of the tree structure parameters. The framework is applied on numerous U.S. asset pricing models, using alternative mimicking factor portfolios, frequency of data, market indices, and equity portfolios.

Findings

The findings reveal strong evidence that asset returns exhibit asymmetric effects and non- linear patterns to different common factors, but, more importantly, that there are multiple thresholds that create several partitions in the common factor space.

Originality/Value

To the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper is the first to explore and apply a tree-structured and quantile regression framework in an asset pricing context.

Details

Review of Accounting and Finance, vol. 21 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1475-7702

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 March 1988

Andrew Kakabadse and Paul Dainty

The personalities, style and job demands of top ranking police officers have never before been seriously analysed. Here, by using a management development survey, key personality…

3916

Abstract

The personalities, style and job demands of top ranking police officers have never before been seriously analysed. Here, by using a management development survey, key personality characteristics and the management and interpersonal styles of top ranking officers are identified. The views of chief officers are discussed, together with an examination of the necessary qualities required. Ways in which senior officers can improve their performance through management training and development and how this can assist their professional growth and development, are emphasised.

Details

Journal of Managerial Psychology, vol. 3 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0268-3946

Keywords

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