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Under the background of the rapid development of e-commerce and information network, the demand for urban distribution is also changing; especially customers' demand for fast delivery of products is increasing. Based on this, the optimization of urban traffic distribution path was studied under the fast response demand. In this paper, the importance and theoretical basis of the design of urban traffic planning under rapid response demand were expounded; then, the urban traffic distribution path planning was designed, and the layout principle of urban traffic roads, the division of road levels and the planning and design of motor vehicle roads were analyzed; through the planning project of the traffic distribution path in a city, analysis of the planning on roadways, three-dimensional traffic paths was achieved.

OVER a time span of some 20 years from now, S.T.O.L., V.T.O.L., and V/S.T.O.L. aircraft, having a wide variation in configuration, size and performance, may be expected to be developed. Over the same time scale, it is quite certain that the Air Traffic Control environment will change — considerably if it is to have any hope of catering for the new type of aircraft.

The purpose of this paper is to explore how curved road and lane-changing rates affect the stability of traffic flow.

An extended two-lane lattice hydrodynamic model on a curved road accounting for the empirical lane-changing rate is presented. The linear analysis of the new model is discussed, the stability condition and the neutral stability condition are obtained. Also, the mKdV equation and its solution are proposed through nonlinear analysis, which discusses the stability of the extended model in the unstable region. Furthermore, the results of theoretical analysis are verified by numerical simulation.

The empirical lane-changing rate on a curved road is an important factor, which can alleviate traffic congestion.

This paper does not take into account the factors such as slope, the drivers’ characters and so on in the actual traffic, which will have more or less influence on the stability of traffic flow, so there is still a certain gap with the real traffic environment.

The curved road and empirical lane-changing rate are researched simultaneously in a two-lane lattice hydrodynamic models in this paper. The improved model can better reflect the actual traffic, which can also provide a theoretical reference for the actual traffic governance.

In order to investigate the vibration reduction properties of a three-dimensional elastic metastructure with spherical cavities at low frequencies.

The bandgap characteristics of a three-dimensional elastic metastructure with spherical cavities are studied based on analytical and numerical approaches.

The results of both method revealed that the vibration of the vertexes masses is important for opening bandgaps. The fact that the big sphere cavity radius or short side length of the cube unit leads to a wider bandgap, is noteworthy.

This research provides theoretical guidance for realizing the vibration attenuation application of EMs in practical engineering.

A combined answer to the question in the title was given by speakers from several countries as well as Eurocontrol and NATO, at this conference organized by the Royal Aeronautical Society. An introduction to the various programmes came from the ECAC Chairman who is also Director General of the Danish Civil Aviation Administration. The ventures are the Central Flow Management Unit (CFMU), the European Air Traffic Control Harmonization and Integration Programme (EATCHIP), and the Airports/Air Traffic System Interface (APATSI). These ventures were conceived and launched by Eurocontrol (except for certain parts of APATSI).

The article aims to describe the approach adopted within the framework of a multi-destination development project, the goal of which is to promote innovative technologies and methods to evaluate the environmental quality of an urban district under construction.

The approach lies in the integration of methodologies usually applied on an urban scale (microclimate well-being and air quality, study of air quality), and/or to the individual building (acoustic comfort evaluation), never before adopted for assessment of plots or districts, especially in the dynamic evaluation of the variables identified, all objectively measurable. This method of analysis has been tested on an area of about 255,000 m2, located in the former historic district of the Fiera di Milano, where a series of typical urban functions (residential, commercial and trade) are inserted within a large public park.

The success of the work is represented by indicators (air quality, acoustic performance and microclimate) that relate to the finished district and that can be compared with average values in the same city. The system may constitute a protocol capable of bringing benefits to local authorities.

The limit is the need of data that support the dynamic simulation (external factors as vehicular traffic, general neighbourhood activity, pollutant emissions) corresponding to the different seasons. These data are not always available by the municipalities.

This type of assessment could be requested of developers/builders for complex projects, resulting in changes to the initial plan if the assessment identifies critical issues related to the design choices (orientation of buildings, quality and presence of green areas, traffic emissions inside the urban district, etc.), with the ultimate goal of creating neighbourhoods with better environmental conditions.

The research produces solutions addressed to the Italian situation, but it identifies systems and methods used in other countries.

The purpose of this paper is to apply the Developmental Model of Vocational Excellence (DMVE) in the domain of air traffic control and to describe the characteristics and predictors related to air traffic controllers’ (ATCO) vocational expertise and excellence. Based on DMVE, the study analyses the role of natural abilities (gifts), intrinsic characteristics (self-regulatory abilities) and extrinsic conditions (domain and non-domain specific factors) in ATCOs’ vocational development.

The target population of the multiple case study consisted of ATCOs in Finland (N = 300), of which 28 were interviewed. The interviewees represented four different airports. Initially, three key personnel interviews were conducted to validate the structured theme interview instrument that was subsequently used for the 28 interviews. The data set also included the ATCOs’ aptitude test scores and training records. Employee assessments were used to determine their on-the-job performance level (expertise vs excellence). The research questions were examined using theoretical concept analysis. The qualitative data analysis was conducted with content analysis and Bayesian classification modelling.

The findings indicate that cognitive skills, self-reflection, volition and goal-orientation are considered to be ATCOs’ most important vocational characteristics in addition to interpersonal, intrapersonal and spatial skills. The main differences between the ATCOs representing vocational expertise and those representing vocational excellence were related to self-regulation; motivation and volition in particular proved to be somewhat stronger in the latter group.

It was acknowledged that there are limitations in the present study. First, the four airports were not selected randomly. Although they represent different types of airports (and ATCO job profiles) in Finland quite well, future studies should include comparative aspect to airports in other countries. Second, the number of participants (N = 28) in the study was quite small, limiting generalization of the results to the target population (N = 300). Future research on this domain should be extended to include also quantitative measurements, allowing more generalizable results. Third, although the analysis for the research question 3 was based on a technique that is not sensitive to missing values (BCM), missing data in ATCOs’ aptitude test scores, training records and employee assessments added uncertainty to the results.

ATCOs’ highly controlled and pre-defined work presents a challenge to work motivation, which is seen as one of the determining factors in safety in air traffic controlling (ATC). In the future, more emphasis should be placed on the prerequisites of professional development such as leadership (human resource management, feedback, employees’ opportunity to influence), working environment (physical and social environment), educational possibilities and career progression, as well as professional benefits (salary and working hours).

Although ATC is a fairly studied topic since 1970s, most studies related to ATCOs have concentrated on training, learning on the job, cognitive capacity and processing and stress tolerance. This study extends the emerging research in the field on self-regulation by adopting DMVE to investigate its role, alongside natural abilities and domain and non-domain specific factors, to vocational talent development in different skill acquisition stages.

The expected benefits of newly developed transportation infrastructures are the saving of travel time and further promoted transport economics. There is a need for a methodology of travel time estimation with acceptable robustness and practicability. Macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) represents the overall traffic performance at a network level by linking average flow, speed and density. MFD can be used to estimate network state and to describe various traffic management strategies. This study aims to describe the effect of new infrastructure development on the network performance using the MFD framework.

The scenarios of Islamabad Road network before and after the infrastructure construction were simulated, in which the floating car data set (FCD) for multiple modes was extracted. MFD has been formed for the whole region and partitioned region, which was divided on the basis of infrastructural changes. Moreover, this study has been extended to calculate travel time for multiple modes using the MFD results and the Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) function at a neighborhood level.

MFD results for the whole network showed that the speed of traffic improves after the construction of new infrastructure. The travel time estimates using MFD results were dependent on the speed estimates, whereas the estimates obtained using the BPR function were found to be dependent on the traffic volume variation during different intervals of the day. By using the FCD for multiple modes, travel time estimates for multiple modes were obtained. The BPR function method was found valid for estimating travel time of traffic stream only.

This paper innovatively investigates the change in network performance for pre-construction and post-construction scenarios using the MFD framework. In practice, the approach presented can be used by transportation agencies to evaluate the effect of different traffic management strategies and infrastructural changes.