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Book part
Publication date: 28 March 2015

Social Heuristics: The Pragmatics of Convention in Decision-Making

Thomas D. Beamish and Nicole Woolsey Biggart

Following Philip Selznick’s lead in using pragmatist social science to understand issues of public concern we conducted a study of failed innovation in the commercial…

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Following Philip Selznick’s lead in using pragmatist social science to understand issues of public concern we conducted a study of failed innovation in the commercial construction industry (CCI). We find that social heuristics – collectively constructed and maintained interpretive decision-making frames – significantly shape economic and non-economic decision-making practices. Social heuristics are the outcome of industry-based “institutionalization processes” and are widely held and commonly relied on in CCI to reduce uncertainty endemic to decision-making; they provide actors with both a priori and ex post facto justifications for economic decisions that appear socially rational to industry co-participants. In the CCI – a project-centered production network – social heuristics as shared institutions sustain network-based social order but in so doing discourage novel technologies and impede innovation. Social heuristics are actor-level constructs that reflect macro-level institutional arrangements and networked production relations. The concept of social heuristics offers the promise of developing a genuinely social theory of individual economic choice and action that is historically informed, contextually situated, and neither psychologically nor structurally reductionist.

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Institutions and Ideals: Philip Selznick’s Legacy for Organizational Studies
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20150000044010
ISBN: 978-1-78441-726-0

Keywords

  • Decision-making
  • heuristics
  • institutionalization
  • production networks
  • innovation
  • governance

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Book part
Publication date: 1 June 2017

Capital and Carbon: The Shifting Common Good Justification of Energy Regimes

Thomas D. Beamish and Nicole Woolsey Biggart

This article traces the regimes of worth that defined energy for centuries as a productive force of human and animal labor, an understanding that transformed in the 18th…

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This article traces the regimes of worth that defined energy for centuries as a productive force of human and animal labor, an understanding that transformed in the 18th century to an “industrial-energy” regime of worth supporting an economy of mass production, consumption, and profit and more recently one centered on market forces and price. Industrial and market energy and the conventions and institutions that support them are currently in a period of discursive and material ferment; they are being challenged by different higher order principles of worth. We discuss eight emergent energy justifications that argue what kind of energy is – and is not – in the best interests of society.

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Justification, Evaluation and Critique in the Study of Organizations
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20170000052006
ISBN: 978-1-78714-379-1

Keywords

  • Orders of worth
  • regime
  • capital
  • energy
  • modernity
  • justification

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Book part
Publication date: 1 June 2017

Justification, Evaluation and Critique in the Study of Organizations: An Introduction to the Volume

Charlotte Cloutier, Jean-Pascal Gond and Bernard Leca

This volume presents state-of-the-art research and thinking on the analysis of justification, evaluation and critique in organizations, as inspired by the foundational…

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Abstract

This volume presents state-of-the-art research and thinking on the analysis of justification, evaluation and critique in organizations, as inspired by the foundational ideas of French Pragmatist Sociology’s economies of worth (EW) framework. In this introduction, we begin by underlining the EW framework’s importance in sociology and social theory more generally and discuss its relative neglect within organizational theory, at least until now. We then present an overview of the framework’s intellectual roots, and for those who are new to this particular theoretical domain, offer a brief introduction to the theory’s main concepts and core assumptions. This we follow with an overview of the contributions included in this volume. We conclude by highlighting the EW framework’s important yet largely untapped potential for advancing our understanding of organizations more broadly. Collectively, the contributions in this volume help demonstrate the potential of the EW framework to (1) advance current understanding of organizational processes by unpacking justification dynamics at the individual level of analysis, (2) refresh critical perspectives in organization theory by providing them with pragmatic foundations, (3) expand and develop the study of valuation and evaluation in organizations by reconsidering the notion of worth, and finally (4) push the boundaries of the framework itself by questioning and fine tuning some of its core assumptions. Taken as a whole, this volume not only carves a path for a deeper embedding of the EW approach into contemporary thinking about organizations, it also invites readers to refine and expand it by confronting it with a wider range of diverse empirical contexts of interest to organizational scholars.

Details

Justification, Evaluation and Critique in the Study of Organizations
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20170000052001
ISBN: 978-1-78714-379-1

Keywords

  • Economies of worth
  • justification
  • critique
  • evaluation
  • French Pragmatist Sociology

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Book part
Publication date: 9 July 2010

Mesoeconomics: Business cycles, entrepreneurship, and economic crisis in commercial building markets

Thomas D. Beamish and Nicole Woolsey Biggart

Both neoclassical and Keynesian economists have widely favored the use of equilibrium models to understand economic activity, but dramatic periods of change such as the…

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Both neoclassical and Keynesian economists have widely favored the use of equilibrium models to understand economic activity, but dramatic periods of change such as the current global economic downturn are poorly understood by assuming equilibrium. The economist Joseph Schumpeter tried to inject dynamism and disequilibrium into economic models by arguing for the role of entrepreneurs in creating microeconomic change, and for examining long-term macroeconomic change as represented in business cycles. No economist, including Schumpeter, has ever connected these two approaches to change and these approaches are not typically used as alternative and complementary ways of viewing transformation over time. We suggest that these theories can be connected in a “mesoeconomic” institutional analysis rooted in economic sociology; we demonstrate this connection by examining the US commercial building industry. This industry has changed in qualitatively distinct ways over the past two centuries in what we call market orders, economic orders sometimes lasting for decades or more. In each market order, entrepreneurs of different sorts are able to flourish and push forward institutional changes that result in long-term economic shifts. Credit and finance have been pivotal influences in each market order, a factor supporting Schumpeter's focus on entrepreneurial action and speculation and one not largely discussed today. We view the recent disruption of financial markets as a signal of the destruction of a reigning market order.

Details

Markets on Trial: The Economic Sociology of the U.S. Financial Crisis: Part B
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X(2010)000030B012
ISBN: 978-0-85724-208-2

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Book part
Publication date: 9 July 2010

List of contributors

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Markets on Trial: The Economic Sociology of the U.S. Financial Crisis: Part A
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X(2010)000030A003
ISBN: 978-0-85724-205-1

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Book part
Publication date: 9 July 2010

List of contributors

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Markets on Trial: The Economic Sociology of the U.S. Financial Crisis: Part B
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X(2010)000030B003
ISBN: 978-0-85724-208-2

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Book part
Publication date: 28 March 2015

List of Contributors

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Institutions and Ideals: Philip Selznick’s Legacy for Organizational Studies
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20150000044017
ISBN: 978-1-78441-726-0

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Book part
Publication date: 1 June 2017

Prelims

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Justification, Evaluation and Critique in the Study of Organizations
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X20170000052012
ISBN: 978-1-78714-379-1

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Article
Publication date: 11 March 2006

An Empirical Analysis of the Internationalization‐Performance Relationship Across Emerging Market Firms

B. Elango

This study tests for the relationship between internationalization and performance in the emerging market context using a sample of 719 firms from 12 emerging markets…

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This study tests for the relationship between internationalization and performance in the emerging market context using a sample of 719 firms from 12 emerging markets. This study also incorporates the quality of governance in the emerging market studied to test for the interactive influence of the environmental context on the internationalization performance relationship. Findings indicate support for an inverted U‐shaped relationship between internationalization and performance for manufacturing firms and a positive linear relationship for service firms. In explaining the relationship between internationalization and performance, the quality of governance of the home country of the firm was found to interact with internationalization.

Details

Multinational Business Review, vol. 14 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/1525383X200600002
ISSN: 1525-383X

Keywords

  • Internationalization, Performance
  • Emerging markets
  • Service firms
  • Manufacturing firms

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2003

MNEs, globalisation and digital economy: legal and economic aspects

Georgios I. Zekos

Aim of the present monograph is the economic analysis of the role of MNEs regarding globalisation and digital economy and in parallel there is a reference and examination…

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Aim of the present monograph is the economic analysis of the role of MNEs regarding globalisation and digital economy and in parallel there is a reference and examination of some legal aspects concerning MNEs, cyberspace and e‐commerce as the means of expression of the digital economy. The whole effort of the author is focused on the examination of various aspects of MNEs and their impact upon globalisation and vice versa and how and if we are moving towards a global digital economy.

Details

Managerial Law, vol. 45 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03090550310770875
ISSN: 0309-0558

Keywords

  • Globalization
  • Digital marketing
  • Electronic commerce

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